Odécio Sanches

Bio: Odécio Sanches is an academic researcher from Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. The author has contributed to research in topics: Public health surveillance & Biomphalaria. The author has an hindex of 5, co-authored 7 publications receiving 574 citations.

Quantitativo-qualitativo: oposição ou complementaridade?

Abstract: Este trabalho resume um debate metodologico em processo na Escola Nacional de Saude Publica, Brasil, sobre as duas formas de abordagem mais correntes nas investigacoes da area de saude: o metodo quantitativo e o metodo qualitativo. Os autores - uma antropologa sanitarista e um bioestatistico - demonstram, com argumentacoes teoricas e praticas, que esses metodos sao de natureza diferenciada, mas se complementam na compreensao da realidade social. Num mundo onde o que distingue o ser humano e a linguagem comunicativa, o acento deste debate recai sobre a possibilidade, o significado e os limites da linguagem matematica e da linguagem de uso comum na experiencia cotidiana.

Dynamics of snail populations of Biomphalaria glabrata and B. straminea under semi-natural conditions

Abstract: Growth curves and mortality rates for populations of Biomphalaria glabrata and B. straminea bred under semi-natural conditions are reponed. Snail populations of the above species were maintained for 220 weeks in indoor cement channels. Data were recorded at 20 week intervals. Crude densities are significantly different for each of the studied populations. B. glabrata showed the lower figure while B. straminea R3 strain showed the best performance. The latter is able to live in half the volume of water needed for B. glabrata when both are submitted to population pressure.

Análise da mortalidade por tétano neonatal no Brasil (1979-1987)

Abstract: Este trabalho relata a situacao da mortalidade por tetano neonatal no Brasil (1979-1987), baseado na analise de registros de obito. A distribuicao das causas de obito no tempo e no espaco foi usada como um indicador da mortalidade neonatal proporcional por tetano. A subnotificacao permanece um importante problema, principalmente nas regioes norte e nordeste do Brasil. Na maioria dos municipios, apenas um obito foi notificado no periodo, chamando atencao para a importância de se levar em consideracao a abordagem teorica de "evento sentinela" no controle desta enfermidade. Verificou-se reducao do indicador de mortalidade proporcional por tetano neonatal nos Estados de Rondonia, Para, Sergipe, Sao Paulo, Parana, and Rio Grande do Sul. Nao foi possivel detectar associacao entre cobertura vacinal com duas doses de toxoide tetânico e mortalidade proporcional por tetano neonatal. A diminuicao do numero de partos domiciliares durante o periodo de estudo parece ter exercido influencia importante na reducao das mortes neonatais atribuiveis a esta causa.

[Basic principles of statistical methods applied to public health surveillance data analysis: a review].

Abstract: Statistical methods in public health surveillance data analysis are important for detecting temporal and/or spatial disease clusters, which can indicate an outbreak or an epidemic. In this paper we present a review and literature survey introducing the public health surveillance process and focusing on some statistical methods which are indicated to the data analysis in routine procedure. Comparative studies of these methods are also analyzed.

Pesquisa exploratória: procedimento metodológico para o estudo de fatores humanos no campo da saúde pública

Abstract: Exploratory research is proposed as a methodological procedure for a qualitative approach. The main purpose of this procedure is that of helping the researcher to develop a measurement tool which reflects reality. Both exploratory research conceptions, the traditional and the new one are discussed. The application of this methodological procedure to the study of human factors is recommended and the implementation stages are presented. Some applications for research in public health are suggested.

Antropologia médica: elementos conceituais e metodológicos para uma abordagem da saúde e da doença

Abstract: This paper discusses the relevance, specificity, and potential of the anthropological approach to health and illness. Medical anthropology is shown as complementary to other approaches that currently deal with public health problems. The impact of social and cultural factors on health-related perceptions and behaviors is illustrated and commented. A conceptual and methodological framework is also proposed to systematize the study of representations and practices of communities in the area of public health. The specific contribution of the anthropological approach is discussed in terms of the effectiveness of public health programs.

Considerações sobre a metodologia qualitativa como recurso para o estudo das ações de humanização em saúde Considerations on qualitative research as a mean to study health humanization actions

Abstract: Health humanization is one of the major politics ofthe health sector, currently being implemented in ourcountry. The authors relate humanization with healthpromotion. Promoting health and humanizing healthcare are long term and continuous efforts, which aredynamic and closely related with the context in whichthey are brought in. The diagnosis is critical for theproposition of actions and for adequate interventions,while monitoring and evaluating these interventionscan guarantee the actions support. As the actions andactivities involved are much complex, diagnosing,monitoring and evaluating must be approached in anamplified way that includes the process’s “reasons”and “means”. In order to achieve that, the article high-lights the utility of multiple methods (quantitativeand qualitative), focusing on the qualitative approach.Some considerations concerning this research metho-dology are presented, including “sampling” strategies,the most used techniques (interview, focal group andobservation) and material analysis. In that way, theauthors intend to contribute to administrators’ andhealth professionals’ improvement in situation diag-noses (which aid decisions on future strategies) aswell as in accompanying and evaluating the imple-mented actions in order to bring about adequatemodifications.Key Words: Health Humanization; Health Promotion;Qualitative Research; Program Monitoring; PoliticsEvaluation; Situation Diagnosis.