There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

Fragile watermarking techniques for digital content have been studied in the past few years. Fragile watermarks are used to determine if a piece of watermarked digital content has been tampered, and distinguish tampered areas from non-tampered areas without referring to the original digital content. In this paper, a general framework for fragile watermark is proposed, and then a novel fragile watermarking scheme for image authentication is presented. The embedding process of fragile watermark starts from computing the difference image between the host image and its chaotic pattern. followed by mapping the difference image into a binary image. The binary image is then inserted into the least significant bit (LSB) bitplane of the host image. In addition, chaotic map is used to generate the chaotic pattern image, which can be used as secret key to improve the security of watermark algorithm. Due to employing permutation transform and chaotic image pattern, the corresponding position relation is broken between pixels in the watermarked image and the watermark. Simulation results and performance analysis show that the presented method is fast, secure and capable of detecting and localizing modification.

An image fragile watermark scheme based on chaotic image pattern and pixel-pairs

The growth of high speed computer networks and that of the Internet, in particular, has increased the ease of Information Communication. Ironically, the cause for the development is also of the apprehension - use of digital formatted data. In comparison with Analog media, Digital media offers several distinct advantages such as high quality, easy editing, high fidelity copying, compression etc. But this type advancement in the field of data communication in other sense has hiked the fear of getting the data snooped at the time of sending it from the sender to the receiver. So, Information Security is becoming an inseparable part of Data Communication. In order to address this Information Security, Steganography plays an important role. Steganography is the art and science of writing hidden messages in such a way that no one apart from the sender and intended recipient even realizes there is a hidden message.

Image steganography using least significant bit with cryptography

The correction of power factor of electric load could be a problematic issue which is common to entire industrial companies. Previously, the correction of power factor was performed to adjust bank of electrical phenomenon properly. Automatic power factor corrector (APFC) utilize load capacitance bank is useful to implement facility issue correction. Planned machinecontrolled project consists of activity that is worth the correction of power factor of load victimization microcontroller. Design of this self-adjusting power issue correction is to confirm the complete facility perpetually protective unit power issue. A package as well as hardware needed to perform instructed automatic measure devoted as well as its operation described. APFC, therefore help us to reduce the time needed to correct as a power factor that support to extend organization Keywords— APFC, Apparent power, Capacitor bank, Power factor, power factor, solid state relay, precision rectifier, super diode, phase measurement, AC signal measurement, Arduino

/pdf/automatic-power-factor-correction-using-capacitor-banks-1tau5ucoha.pdf

Automatic power factor correction using capacitor banks

With the advent of technology and multimedia production, the world has witnessed a tremendous increase in digital media attacks, which duplicates, forges and tamper the data leading to the violation of copyright laws. In this paper, a robust and secure digital image watermarking is proposed, which exploits the chaotic behaviour of the non – linear oscillators realized through Memristive diodes. The proposed scheme relies on a Human Visual System (HVS) model in order to mimic the real-life scenario. To improve the robustness of the proposed approach and to further increase the security of the digital watermarked media whilst still retaining compatibility with the real-time events, Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) and extreme learning machine (ELM) is implemented. Secure key generation by means of scrambling through Arnold Transform and the coefficients of Memristive Chaotic Oscillator ensures extreme security. The watermark embedding followed the pixel transformation based on discrete cosine coefficient modification, and a semi-blind watermarking extraction procedure was carried out through trained ELM models. A detailed analysis has been presented to evaluate the tradeoff between imperceptibility, security and robustness using performance metrics like PSNR, NC, SSIM, and BER. To establish a real-time implementation of the proposed architecture, the simulated results were verified using real-time chaotic signals generated from the chaotic oscillator, which dictates excellent performance against watermarking attacks and image processing tasks.

/pdf/robust-and-secure-digital-image-watermarking-technique-using-1kgfyvr6jv.pdf

Robust and Secure Digital Image Watermarking Technique Using Arnold Transform and Memristive Chaotic Oscillators

Finite Radon transform (FRAT) mapper has the ability to increase orthogonality of sub-carriers, it is non sensitive to channel parameters variations, and has a small constellation energy compared with conventional fast Fourier transform (FFT) based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). It is also able to work as a good interleaver which significantly reduces the bit error rate (BER). Due to its good orthogonality, discrete Multiwavelet transform (DMWT) is attractive for implementation in OFDM systems which reduces inter-symbol interference (ISI) and inter-carrier interference (ICI) and eliminates the need for cyclic prefix and increases the spectral efficiency of the design. In this paper both FRAT and DMWT are implemented in a new design for OFDM. The new structure was tested and compared with conventional FFT-based OFDM, Radon-based OFDM, and DMWT-based OFDM for additive white Gaussian noise channel, flat fading channel, and multi-path selective fading channel. Simulation tests were generated for different channels parameters values. The obtained results showed that proposed system has increased spectral efficiency, reduced ISI and ICI, and improved BER performance compared with other systems.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs11277-012-0848-3.pdf

A Radon-Multiwavelet Based OFDM System Design and Simulation Under Different Channel Conditions

Protecting information on various communication media is considered an essential requirement in the present information transmission technology. So, there is a continuous search around different modern techniques that may be used to protect the data from the attackers. Steganography is one of those techniques that can be used to maintain the copyright by employing it to cover the publisher logo image inside the video frames. Nowadays, most of the popular known of the Video-Steganography methods become a conventional technique to the attacker, so there is a requirement for a modern and smart strategy to protect the copyright of the digital video file. Where this proposed system goal to create a hybrid system that combines the properties of Cryptography and Steganography work to protect the copyright hidden data from different attack types with maintaining of characteristics of the original video (quality and resolution). In this article, a modern Video-Steganography method is presented by employing the benefits of TC (Turbo code) to encrypt the pixels of logo image and Least two Significant Bit Technique procedure to embed the encryption pixels inside the frames of the video file. The insertion is performed in the frequency domain by applying the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)on the video frames. The examination of the suggested architecture is done by terms of Structural Similarity Index, MSE (mean squared error), and PSNR (peak signal-to-noise ratio) by comparing between an original and extracted logo as well as between original and Steganographic video (averaged overall digital frames in the video). The simulation results show that this method proved high security, robustness, capacity and produces a substantial performance enhancement over the present known ways with fewer distortions in the quality of the video

/pdf/design-and-simulation-a-video-steganography-system-by-using-1qkiyq4zly.pdf

Design and simulation a video steganography system by using FFT­turbo code methods for copyrights application

In the previous decade, the mixing between chaotic supposition and cryptography frames considers a significant field of data security. Chaos-based image encryption is given a lot of attention in the exploration of data security moreover a great deal of picture encrypting calculations have been proposed concerning chaotic maps. Because of some inveterate highlights of media like information limit and high information excess, the encryption of images not quite the same as that of texts; accordingly it is hard to deal with them by conventional encryption strategies. This paper presents a short review of robust digital watermarking systems that used chaotic algorithms such as Logistic, Tent, Baker, Hyper, Fibonacci, and Arnold maps for encryption of the data presented in several years.

Robust Encryption System Based Watermarking Theory by Using Chaotic Algorithms: A Reviewer Paper

In this internet era, there is tremendous growth in the amount of digital data that exchange and disseminate across various internet platforms, especially video. Maintaining copyright for this data is one of the essential things that made people worry. So, there is continuously question around the protection techniques of the data. Video steganography is the human visual system cannot recognise one of the methods that used to hide data inside the digital video file in away. Video watermarking is another technique used to insert additional data inside the digital video to protects its intellectual right against unauthorised manipulation. In this paper, it will use the principle of both steganography and watermarking technique to maintain the video copyright by hiding publisher logo image inside the digital video file by embedding the logo pixel data in LSB of the video frames. The most famous known of the video steganography, watermarking techniques which used in the presented-day has become traditional methods to the attackers. Therefore, there is a necessity to a new smart approach to maintaining the copyright of the digital video. In this paper, an optimised technique is proposed by utilising the advantages of Turbo code to encryption the logo image bits and least significant bit (LSB) approach to embedding the encoded logo pixels inside the frames of the cover video. This process made the system have powerful and high security against the different hacker attacks. The system proved a high quality in result Stego-video by relative rate reach to 98% from the quality of the original video and PSNR equal about (57dB) with high robustness against noise like salt and pepper and Gaussian noise.

Implementation Of Stego-Watermarking Technique by Encryption Image Based On Turbo Code For Copyright Application

Nowadays, a controller that improves the power factor (PF) is automatically designed and implemented to correct the value of the power factor once they falls below a certain one. In industry, day by day, there is an increase in the use of domestic applications and inductive loads such that they consider the essential reason whose responsible on lowering the power factor. Therefore a development method is needed to improve the power factor by adding manually variable capacitors or automatically.  Fuzzy algorithm can be used as an intelligent system to estimate the value of the capacitor that should be added to compensate the effect of inductors. In this work, sixteen level of power factor are corrected automatically by new way through using Arduino Uno that programed with the aid of Fuzzy logic idea. A bank of four capacitors with different values is used and the Fuzzy helps taking the decision of which capacitors be ON or OFF. Here, the correction of power factor is from 0.64 to 0.98, and each level gives an increment of 0.02125 in PF. The experimental results are very close to the theoretical one, and the cost is very acceptable since the circuit is built from cheap equipments such as Arduino, potential transformer, relays, zero crossing circuit and current transformer. In addition, the maximum error due to the difference between the capacitor theoretical calculation and the practical is about 4.1%, while the error between the desired and the result value of PF is about 4.08% for maximum.

/pdf/sixteen-level-power-factor-correction-by-using-arduino-1bdulq0ucy.pdf

Osama Qasim Jumah Al-Thahab

Papers

A Radon-Multiwavelet Based OFDM System Design and Simulation Under Different Channel Conditions

Design and simulation a video steganography system by using FFTturbo code methods for copyrights application

Robust Encryption System Based Watermarking Theory by Using Chaotic Algorithms: A Reviewer Paper

Implementation Of Stego-Watermarking Technique by Encryption Image Based On Turbo Code For Copyright Application

Sixteen level power factor correction by using arduino microcontroller based fuzzy idea

Osama Qasim Jumah Al-Thahab

Papers

A Radon-Multiwavelet Based OFDM System Design and Simulation Under Different Channel Conditions

Design and simulation a video steganography system by using FFT­turbo code methods for copyrights application

Robust Encryption System Based Watermarking Theory by Using Chaotic Algorithms: A Reviewer Paper

Implementation Of Stego-Watermarking Technique by Encryption Image Based On Turbo Code For Copyright Application

Sixteen level power factor correction by using arduino microcontroller based fuzzy idea

Design and simulation a video steganography system by using FFTturbo code methods for copyrights application