Author
P. Giboreau
Bio: P. Giboreau is an academic researcher from École Normale Supérieure. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 134 citations.
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the rate of several Diels-Alder reactions under conventional or microwave heating at the same bulk temperature, and showed that the activating effect of microwaves under homogeneous conditions is specific.
135 citations
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2,484 citations
TL;DR: An overview of the thermal effects and the current state of non-thermal microwave effects is presented in this critical review along with a view on how these phenomena can be effectively used in organic synthesis.
Abstract: Microwave irradiation has been successfully applied in organic chemistry. Spectacular accelerations, higher yields under milder reaction conditions and higher product purities have all been reported. Indeed, a number of authors have described success in reactions that do not occur by conventional heating and even modifications of selectivity (chemo-, regio- and stereoselectivity). The effect of microwave irradiation in organic synthesis is a combination of thermal effects, arising from the heating rate, superheating or “hot spots” and the selective absorption of radiation by polar substances. Such phenomena are not usually accessible by classical heating and the existence of non-thermal effects of highly polarizing radiation—the “specific microwave effect”—is still a controversial topic. An overview of the thermal effects and the current state of non-thermal microwave effects is presented in this critical review along with a view on how these phenomena can be effectively used in organic synthesis.
1,603 citations
1,321 citations
1,179 citations
TL;DR: Continuous and batch microwave reactors were constructed for efficient, "green" synthesis with low-boiling solvents at high temperature in closed vessels and complementary interactive software for calculating optimal conditions was developed.
Abstract: Continuous and batch microwave reactors were constructed for efficient, "green" synthesis with low-boiling solvents at high temperature in closed vessels. Capabilities for rapid heating and cooling, concurrent heating and cooling, and differential heating facilitated novel chemical reactions and processes. Commercial microwave systems based on these developments are available. Times required for conventional reactions typically are decreased by 2-3 orders of magnitude. Green processes also have resulted through use of less or no catalyst, readily recyclable solvents, or media and yields that are often higher than normal. Complementary interactive software for calculating optimal conditions was developed.
394 citations