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P. Ilaiyaraja

Bio: P. Ilaiyaraja is an academic researcher from Indian Institute of Technology Madras. The author has contributed to research in topics: Adsorption & Aqueous solution. The author has an hindex of 15, co-authored 32 publications receiving 636 citations. Previous affiliations of P. Ilaiyaraja include Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research & VIT University.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of pH and interference due to complexing agents/other cations on removal of cobalt by precipitation method was studied; it was observed that quantitative precipitation is effective at pH ≥ 3 and the suspended particles are not settling down when the pH of feed solution is more than 6.5.
Abstract: Removal of cobalt from aqueous solution by indigenously synthesized xanthate functionalized dendrimer (XFD) was xinvestigated. Effect of pH and interference due to complexing agents/other cations on removal of cobalt by precipitation method was studied. Loading capacity of XFD as a function of cobalt concentration was estimated; about 0.355 g of cobalt could be loaded per gram of XFD at pH 4.5. It was observed that quantitative precipitation is effective at pH > 3 and the suspended particles are not settling down when the pH of feed solution is more than 6. The suspended particles settle down by the addition of coagulating agent (aluminum sulfate). The presence of Sr2+ or Mg2+ cations enhances precipitation process whereas monovalent Na+ ion has no significant effect on cobalt removal by XFD ligand. Toxicity characteristics leaching procedure and semi-dynamic leaching test results show that Co-XFD complex is a characteristic leaching toxic and needs further treatment before dumping into the sanita...

19 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a facile one-pot synthesis of the multi-shaped anisotropic plasmonic Ag nanostructures (Mx-AgNPs) was reported for the broadband plasmoric enhancement in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).

19 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of Ag plasmons and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) on ZnO nanorods (Z-NRs)-based photoanodes for photoelectrochemical splitting of water is the main focus of the present experimental study.
Abstract: The influence of Ag plasmons and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) on ZnO nanorods (Z-NRs)-based photoanodes for photoelectrochemical splitting of water is the main focus of the present experimental study. Plasmonic layer of Ag is incorporated either as a base (Ag-Z-NRs) layer or as a top layer (Z-NRs-Ag) in an electrochemically deposited Z-NRs-based photoanodes. Z-NRs-Ag photoanodes exhibited better optical absorption as plasmonic layer stimulates charge transfer and restrain charge recombination. It had shown the photocurrent density of ~0.79 mA cm−2, at a bias of 1.4 V/RHE. A mediator layer of RGO when introduced in Z-NRs-Ag photoanodes synergistically with Ag plasmons enhances the photocurrent density to ~1.3 mA cm−2 at a bias of 1.4 V/RHE. Structure and surface morphology of the synthesized photoanodes was studied using x-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Elemental analysis and optical characterization was done using energy-dispersive x-ray analysis, UV–Visible absorption spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The current–voltage characteristics, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Mott–Schottky analysis, photoconversion efficiency and incident photon to current conversion efficiency measurements have been used to substantiate our observations of synthesized photoanodes.

18 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an electrodeposition method has been used to realize highly porous ZnO pin hole (ZP) and Zn O rosette sheets (ZS) nanostructure based photo-anodes for efficient photoelectrochemical (PEC) splitting of water.

15 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a detailed structural, optical, and microstructural study confirms the phase formation in the AA and stability in HA samples, and shows that despite of one to two to three order increase in photoconductivity, the sensitizer/photoanode interface impedance play a significant role in deciding the efficiency.

14 citations


Cited by
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TL;DR: The current state-of-the-art of available technologies for water purification are reviewed and their field of application for heavy metal ion removal is discussed, as heavy metal ions are the most harmful and widespread contaminants.
Abstract: Water pollution is a global problem threatening the entire biosphere and affecting the life of many millions of people around the world. Not only is water pollution one of the foremost global risk factors for illness, diseases and death, but it also contributes to the continuous reduction of the available drinkable water worldwide. Delivering valuable solutions, which are easy to implement and affordable, often remains a challenge. Here we review the current state-of-the-art of available technologies for water purification and discuss their field of application for heavy metal ion removal, as heavy metal ions are the most harmful and widespread contaminants. We consider each technology in the context of sustainability, a largely neglected key factor, which may actually play a pivotal role in the implementation of each technology in real applications, and we introduce a compact index, the Ranking Efficiency Product (REP), to evaluate the efficiency and ease of implementation of the various technologies in this broader perspective. Emerging technologies, for which a detailed quantitative analysis and assessment is not yet possible according to this methodology, either due to scarcity or inhomogeneity of data, are discussed in the final part of the manuscript.

838 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: In the limit of a QD much smaller than the bulk exciton size, the linear spectrum will be a series of lines, and the phonon broadening of these lines is considered.
Abstract: We analyze theoretically the optical properties of ideal semiconductor crystallites so small that they show quantum confinement in all three dimensions [quantum dots (QD's)]. In the limit of a QD much smaller than the bulk exciton size, the linear spectrum will be a series of lines, and we consider the phonon broadening of these lines. The lowest interband transition will saturate like a two-level system, without exchange and Coulomb screening. Depending on the broadening, the absorption and the changes in absorption and refractive index resulting from saturation can become very large, and the local-field effects can become so strong as to give optical bistability without external feedback. The small QD limit is more readily achieved with narrow-band-gap semiconductors.

788 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
29 Mar 2021
TL;DR: Nanomaterials have emerged as an amazing class of materials that consists of a broad spectrum of examples with at least one dimension in the range of 1 to 100 nm as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Nanomaterials have emerged as an amazing class of materials that consists of a broad spectrum of examples with at least one dimension in the range of 1 to 100 nm. Exceptionally high surface areas can be achieved through the rational design of nanomaterials. Nanomaterials can be produced with outstanding magnetic, electrical, optical, mechanical, and catalytic properties that are substantially different from their bulk counterparts. The nanomaterial properties can be tuned as desired via precisely controlling the size, shape, synthesis conditions, and appropriate functionalization. This review discusses a brief history of nanomaterials and their use throughout history to trigger advances in nanotechnology development. In particular, we describe and define various terms relating to nanomaterials. Various nanomaterial synthesis methods, including top-down and bottom-up approaches, are discussed. The unique features of nanomaterials are highlighted throughout the review. This review describes advances in nanomaterials, specifically fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon quantum dots, nanodiamonds, carbon nanohorns, nanoporous materials, core–shell nanoparticles, silicene, antimonene, MXenes, 2D MOF nanosheets, boron nitride nanosheets, layered double hydroxides, and metal-based nanomaterials. Finally, we conclude by discussing challenges and future perspectives relating to nanomaterials.

628 citations

Journal Article
LI Sheng-mei1
TL;DR: This sentence pattern typically shows the features of proverbs like "秀才秂才,错字布袋" in language structure, semantic meaning and pragmatic function.
Abstract: Sentence patterns like "秀才秀才,错字布袋"are unique in the grammatical structure, semantic structure and pragmatic function. The typical feature of this pattern is that the same word or phrase reappears continually at the very beginning. It has two parts: (1) The proceeding part("秀才秀才") includes a word and its repeated form, which is different from the reduplication in grammar and the continual repetition in rhetoric. This part can have referential functions in particular situations;and (2) The main function of the last part ("错字布袋")is to interpret the proceeding one. It is the semantic focus of the whole sentence. This sentence pattern typically shows the features of proverbs like "秀才秀才,错字布袋"in language structure,semantic meaning and pragmatic function.

367 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a systematic and comprehensive overview of the researches conducted from 2005 to 2018 for removing uranium from aqueous solution by these emerging materials, including inorganic materials (e.g., clay minerals, metal oxides, mesoporous silica), organic polymers, carbon family materials, and porous framework materials.

337 citations