Author
P. Pietrukowicz
Other affiliations: Polish Academy of Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile
Bio: P. Pietrukowicz is an academic researcher from University of Warsaw. The author has contributed to research in topics: Gravitational microlensing & Light curve. The author has an hindex of 46, co-authored 264 publications receiving 8854 citations. Previous affiliations of P. Pietrukowicz include Polish Academy of Sciences & Pontifical Catholic University of Chile.
Topics: Gravitational microlensing, Light curve, Planet, Stars, Bulge
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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Pontifical Catholic University of Chile1, University of Hertfordshire2, Queen Mary University of London3, European Southern Observatory4, National University of Cordoba5, University of Michigan6, University of La Serena7, University of Florida8, University of São Paulo9, Space Telescope Science Institute10, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul11, Valparaiso University12, University of Chile13, University of Sheffield14, Chinese Academy of Sciences15, Hungarian Academy of Sciences16, Imperial College London17, National University of La Plata18, University of Concepción19, Max Planck Society20, University of Cambridge21, University of Manchester22, Spanish National Research Council23, University of Southampton24, INAF25, European Space Research and Technology Centre26, Rochester Institute of Technology27, University of Padua28, Andrés Bello National University29, University of Leicester30, Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory31, University of Kent32
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a method to solve the problem of single-input single-output (SISO) communication in the context of artificial neural networks (ANNs).
927 citations
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TL;DR: Determinations of the distances to eight long-period, late-type eclipsing systems in the Large Magellanic Cloud, composed of cool, giant stars, provide a firm base for a 3-per-cent determination of the Hubble constant.
Abstract: Observations of eight long-period, late-type eclipsing-binary systems composed of cool, giant stars are used to determine a distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud accurate to 2.2 per cent, providing a base for a determination of the Hubble constant to an accuracy of 3 per cent. The physical properties of stars in eclipsing binary systems can be accurately determined thanks to the intimate interactions between the two bodies, and by monitoring the fluctuating light from such systems it is possible to obtain accurate extragalactic distance measurement. This technique has now been used to determine the most accurate distance estimate yet for the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), our nearest-neighbour galaxy. The data from eight long-period, late-type eclipsing systems particularly suitable for this calibration technique suggest that the LMC is around 49.97 kiloparsecs from us, to an accuracy of 2.2%. The distance to the LMC is a key element in determining the Hubble constant, an important measure of the rate of expansion of the Universe. In the era of precision cosmology, it is essential to determine the Hubble constant to an accuracy of three per cent or better1,2. At present, its uncertainty is dominated by the uncertainty in the distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), which, being our second-closest galaxy, serves as the best anchor point for the cosmic distance scale2,3. Observations of eclipsing binaries offer a unique opportunity to measure stellar parameters and distances precisely and accurately4,5. The eclipsing-binary method was previously applied to the LMC6,7, but the accuracy of the distance results was lessened by the need to model the bright, early-type systems used in those studies. Here we report determinations of the distances to eight long-period, late-type eclipsing systems in the LMC, composed of cool, giant stars. For these systems, we can accurately measure both the linear and the angular sizes of their components and avoid the most important problems related to the hot, early-type systems. The LMC distance that we derive from these systems (49.97 ± 0.19 (statistical) ± 1.11 (systematic) kiloparsecs) is accurate to 2.2 per cent and provides a firm base for a 3-per-cent determination of the Hubble constant, with prospects for improvement to 2 per cent in the future.
757 citations
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Pontifical Catholic University of Chile1, Princeton University2, University of Hertfordshire3, European Southern Observatory4, Atacama Large Millimeter Submillimeter Array5, University of Cambridge6, University of Edinburgh7, University of Manchester8, Queen Mary University of London9, University of La Serena10, University of Lisbon11, Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental12, INAF13, University of Warsaw14, University of Concepción15, Valparaiso University16, National University of Cordoba17, University of Florida18, National Scientific and Technical Research Council19, University of São Paulo20, National University of La Plata21, University of Padua22, University of Wisconsin–Whitewater23, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul24, University of Chile25, Kyung Hee University26, Peking University27, Max Planck Society28, University of Alicante29, University College London30, University of Cincinnati31, University of Leeds32, Ames Research Center33, UK Astronomy Technology Centre34, Spanish National Research Council35, University of La Laguna36, University of Southampton37, Saint Mary's University38, Macquarie University39, Australian Astronomical Observatory40, Andrés Bello National University41, Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory42, Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences43, University of Kent44
TL;DR: The ESO VISTA public survey VISTA variables in the V�a L�ctea (VVV) started in 2010 and is expected to run for about five years.
Abstract: Context The ESO public survey VISTA variables in the V�a L�ctea (VVV) started in 2010 VVV targets 562 sq deg in the Galactic bulge and an adjacent plane region and is expected to run for about five years Aims: We describe the progress of the survey observations in the first observing season, the observing strategy, and quality of the data obtained Methods: The observations are carried out on the 4-m VISTA telescope in the ZYJHK s filters In addition to the multi-band imaging the variability monitoring campaign in the K s filter has started Data reduction is carried out using the pipeline at the Cambridge Astronomical Survey Unit The photometric and astrometric calibration is performed via the numerous 2MASS sources observed in each pointing Results: The first data release contains the aperture photometry and astrometric catalogues for 348 individual pointings in the ZYJHK s filters taken in the 2010 observing season The typical image quality is 09 arcsec {-10 arcsec} The stringent photometric and image quality requirements of the survey are satisfied in 100% of the JHK s images in the disk area and 90% of the JHK s images in the bulge area The completeness in the Z and Y images is 84% in the disk, and 40% in the bulge The first season catalogues contain 128 � 10 8 stellar sources in the bulge and 168 � 10 8 in the disk area detected in at least one of the photometric bands The combined, multi-band catalogues contain more than 163 � 10 8 stellar sources About 10% of these are double detections because of overlapping adjacent pointings These overlapping multiple detections are used to characterise the quality of the data The images in the JHK s bands extend typically 4 mag deeper than 2MASS The magnitude limit and photometric quality depend strongly on crowding in the inner Galactic regions The astrometry for K s = 15-18 mag has rms 35-175 mas Conclusions: The VVV Survey data products offer a unique dataset to map the stellar populations in the Galactic bulge and the adjacent plane and provide an exciting new tool for the study of the structure, content, and star-formation history of our Galaxy, as well as for investigations of the newly discovered star clusters, star-forming regions in the disk, high proper motion stars, asteroids, planetary nebulae, and other interesting objects Based on observations taken within the ESO VISTA Public Survey VVV, Programme ID 179B-2002
418 citations
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Ohio State University1, Tel Aviv University2, Weizmann Institute of Science3, Massey University4, University of Warsaw5, Chungbuk National University6, Osaka University7, Nagoya University8, University of Notre Dame9, University of Auckland10, Victoria University of Wellington11, University of Manchester12, Vaughn College of Aeronautics and Technology13, University of Concepción14, University of Cambridge15, National Institute for Space Research16, Texas A&M University17, Princeton University18, University of Valencia19, Auckland University of Technology20, Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute21
TL;DR: In the Mathematical and Physical Sciences: 1st Place (The Ohio State University Edward F. Hayes Graduate Research Forum) as mentioned in this paper, the authors of the paper as mentioned in this paper presented a mathematical and physical sciences model.
Abstract: Mathematical and Physical Sciences: 1st Place (The Ohio State University Edward F. Hayes Graduate Research Forum)
196 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed a sample of 27,258 fundamental-mode RR Lyrae variable stars (type RRab) detected recently toward the Galactic bulge by the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) survey and showed that their spatial distribution has the shape of a triaxial ellipsoid with a major axis located in the Galactic plane and inclined at an angle of to the Sun-GC line of sight.
Abstract: We have analyzed a sample of 27,258 fundamental-mode RR Lyrae variable stars (type RRab) detected recently toward the Galactic bulge by the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) survey. The data support our earlier claim that these metal-poor stars trace closely the barred structure formed of intermediate-age red clump giants. The distance to the Galactic center (GC) inferred from the bulge RR Lyrae stars is kpc. We show that their spatial distribution has the shape of a triaxial ellipsoid with a major axis located in the Galactic plane and inclined at an angle of to the Sun–GC line of sight. The obtained scale-length ratio of the major axis to the minor axis in the Galactic plane and to the axis vertical to the plane is 1:0.49(2):0.39(2). We do not see evidence for the bulge RR Lyrae stars forming an X-shaped structure. Based on the light curve parameters, we derive metallicities of the RRab variables and show that there is a very mild but statistically significant radial metallicity gradient. About 60% of the bulge RRab stars form two very close sequences on the period–amplitude (or Bailey) diagram, which we interpret as two major old bulge populations: A and B. Their metallicities likely differ. Population A is about four times less abundant than the slightly more metal-poor population B. Most of the remaining stars seem to represent other, even more metal-poor populations of the bulge. The presence of multiple old populations indicates that the Milky Way bulge was initially formed through mergers.
190 citations
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TL;DR: The LSST design is driven by four main science themes: probing dark energy and dark matter, taking an inventory of the solar system, exploring the transient optical sky, and mapping the Milky Way.
Abstract: (Abridged) We describe here the most ambitious survey currently planned in the optical, the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). A vast array of science will be enabled by a single wide-deep-fast sky survey, and LSST will have unique survey capability in the faint time domain. The LSST design is driven by four main science themes: probing dark energy and dark matter, taking an inventory of the Solar System, exploring the transient optical sky, and mapping the Milky Way. LSST will be a wide-field ground-based system sited at Cerro Pachon in northern Chile. The telescope will have an 8.4 m (6.5 m effective) primary mirror, a 9.6 deg$^2$ field of view, and a 3.2 Gigapixel camera. The standard observing sequence will consist of pairs of 15-second exposures in a given field, with two such visits in each pointing in a given night. With these repeats, the LSST system is capable of imaging about 10,000 square degrees of sky in a single filter in three nights. The typical 5$\sigma$ point-source depth in a single visit in $r$ will be $\sim 24.5$ (AB). The project is in the construction phase and will begin regular survey operations by 2022. The survey area will be contained within 30,000 deg$^2$ with $\delta<+34.5^\circ$, and will be imaged multiple times in six bands, $ugrizy$, covering the wavelength range 320--1050 nm. About 90\% of the observing time will be devoted to a deep-wide-fast survey mode which will uniformly observe a 18,000 deg$^2$ region about 800 times (summed over all six bands) during the anticipated 10 years of operations, and yield a coadded map to $r\sim27.5$. The remaining 10\% of the observing time will be allocated to projects such as a Very Deep and Fast time domain survey. The goal is to make LSST data products, including a relational database of about 32 trillion observations of 40 billion objects, available to the public and scientists around the world.
2,738 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to reduce the uncertainty in the local value of the Hubble constant from 3.3% to 2.4%.
Abstract: We use the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to reduce the uncertainty in the local value of the Hubble constant from 3.3% to 2.4%. The bulk of this improvement comes from new near-infrared (NIR) observations of Cepheid variables in 11 host galaxies of recent type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), more than doubling the sample of reliable SNe Ia having a Cepheid-calibrated distance to a total of 19, these in turn leverage the magnitude-redshift relation based on ∼300 SNe Ia at z < 0.15. All 19 hosts as well as the megamaser system NGC 4258 have been observed with WFC3 in the optical and NIR, thus nullifying cross-instrument zeropoint errors in the relative distance estimates from Cepheids. Other noteworthy improvements include a 33% reduction in the systematic uncertainty in the maser distance to NGC 4258, a larger sample of Cepheids in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), a more robust distance to the LMC based on late-type detached eclipsing binaries (DEBs), HST observations of Cepheids in M31, and new HST-based trigonometric parallaxes for Milky Way (MW) Cepheids. We consider four geometric distance calibrations of Cepheids: (i) megamasers in NGC 4258, (ii) 8 DEBs in the LMC, (iii) 15 MW Cepheids with parallaxes measured with HST/FGS, HST/WFC3 spatial scanning and/or Hipparcos, and (iv) 2 DEBs in M31. The Hubble constant from each is 72.25 ± 2.51, 72.04 ± 2.67, 76.18 ± 2.37, and 74.50 ± 3.27 km s(−)(1) Mpc(−)(1), respectively. Our best estimate of H (0) = 73.24 ± 1.74 km s(−)(1) Mpc(−)(1) combines the anchors NGC 4258, MW, and LMC, yielding a 2.4% determination (all quoted uncertainties include fully propagated statistical and systematic components). This value is 3.4σ higher than 66.93 ± 0.62 km s(−)(1) Mpc(−)(1) predicted by ΛCDM with 3 neutrino flavors having a mass of 0.06 eV and the new Planck data, but the discrepancy reduces to 2.1σ relative to the prediction of 69.3 ± 0.7 km s(−)(1) Mpc(−)(1) based on the comparably precise combination of WMAP+ACT+SPT+BAO observations, suggesting that systematic uncertainties in CMB radiation measurements may play a role in the tension. If we take the conflict between Planck high-redshift measurements and our local determination of H (0) at face value, one plausible explanation could involve an additional source of dark radiation in the early universe in the range of ΔN (eff) ≈ 0.4–1. We anticipate further significant improvements in H (0) from upcoming parallax measurements of long-period MW Cepheids.
2,228 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, an improved determination of the Hubble constant (H0) from HST observations of 70 long-period Cepheids in the Large Magellanic Cloud was presented.
Abstract: We present an improved determination of the Hubble constant (H0) from Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations of 70 long-period Cepheids in the Large Magellanic Cloud. These were obtained with the same WFC3 photometric system used to measure Cepheids in the hosts of Type Ia supernovae. Gyroscopic control of HST was employed to reduce overheads while collecting a large sample of widely-separated Cepheids. The Cepheid Period-Luminosity relation provides a zeropoint-free link with 0.4% precision between the new 1.2% geometric distance to the LMC from Detached Eclipsing Binaries (DEBs) measured by Pietrzynski et al (2019) and the luminosity of SNe Ia. Measurements and analysis of the LMC Cepheids were completed prior to knowledge of the new LMC distance. Combined with a refined calibration of the count-rate linearity of WFC3-IR with 0.1% precision (Riess et al 2019), these three improved elements together reduce the full uncertainty in the LMC geometric calibration of the Cepheid distance ladder from 2.5% to 1.3%. Using only the LMC DEBs to calibrate the ladder we find H0=74.22 +/- 1.82 km/s/Mpc including systematic uncertainties, 3% higher than before for this particular anchor. Combining the LMC DEBs, masers in NGC 4258 and Milky Way parallaxes yields our best estimate: H0 = 74.03 +/- 1.42 km/s/Mpc, including systematics, an uncertainty of 1.91%---15% lower than our best previous result. Removing any one of these anchors changes H0 by < 0.7%. The difference between H0 measured locally and the value inferred from Planck CMB+LCDM is 6.6+/-1.5 km/s/Mpc or 4.4 sigma (P=99.999% for Gaussian errors) in significance, raising the discrepancy beyond a plausible level of chance. We summarize independent tests which show this discrepancy is not readily attributable to an error in any one source or measurement, increasing the odds that it results from a cosmological feature beyond LambdaCDM.
1,924 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, an improved determination of the Hubble constant (H0) from HST observations of 70 long-period Cepheids in the Large Magellanic Cloud was presented.
Abstract: We present an improved determination of the Hubble constant (H0) from Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations of 70 long-period Cepheids in the Large Magellanic Cloud. These were obtained with the same WFC3 photometric system used to measure Cepheids in the hosts of Type Ia supernovae. Gyroscopic control of HST was employed to reduce overheads while collecting a large sample of widely-separated Cepheids. The Cepheid Period-Luminosity relation provides a zeropoint-free link with 0.4% precision between the new 1.2% geometric distance to the LMC from Detached Eclipsing Binaries (DEBs) measured by Pietrzynski et al (2019) and the luminosity of SNe Ia. Measurements and analysis of the LMC Cepheids were completed prior to knowledge of the new LMC distance. Combined with a refined calibration of the count-rate linearity of WFC3-IR with 0.1% precision (Riess et al 2019), these three improved elements together reduce the full uncertainty in the LMC geometric calibration of the Cepheid distance ladder from 2.5% to 1.3%. Using only the LMC DEBs to calibrate the ladder we find H0=74.22 +/- 1.82 km/s/Mpc including systematic uncertainties, 3% higher than before for this particular anchor. Combining the LMC DEBs, masers in NGC 4258 and Milky Way parallaxes yields our best estimate: H0 = 74.03 +/- 1.42 km/s/Mpc, including systematics, an uncertainty of 1.91%---15% lower than our best previous result. Removing any one of these anchors changes H0 by < 0.7%. The difference between H0 measured locally and the value inferred from Planck CMB+LCDM is 6.6+/-1.5 km/s/Mpc or 4.4 sigma (P=99.999% for Gaussian errors) in significance, raising the discrepancy beyond a plausible level of chance. We summarize independent tests which show this discrepancy is not readily attributable to an error in any one source or measurement, increasing the odds that it results from a cosmological feature beyond LambdaCDM.
1,366 citations
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Michael R. Blanton1, Matthew A. Bershady2, Bela Abolfathi3, Franco D. Albareti4 +412 more•Institutions (91)
TL;DR: SDSS-IV as mentioned in this paper is a project encompassing three major spectroscopic programs: the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA), the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), and the Time Domain Spectroscopy Survey (TDSS).
Abstract: We describe the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV), a project encompassing three major spectroscopic programs. The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2) is observing hundreds of thousands of Milky Way stars at high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratios in the near-infrared. The Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey is obtaining spatially resolved spectroscopy for thousands of nearby galaxies (median $z\sim 0.03$). The extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) is mapping the galaxy, quasar, and neutral gas distributions between $z\sim 0.6$ and 3.5 to constrain cosmology using baryon acoustic oscillations, redshift space distortions, and the shape of the power spectrum. Within eBOSS, we are conducting two major subprograms: the SPectroscopic IDentification of eROSITA Sources (SPIDERS), investigating X-ray AGNs and galaxies in X-ray clusters, and the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS), obtaining spectra of variable sources. All programs use the 2.5 m Sloan Foundation Telescope at the Apache Point Observatory; observations there began in Summer 2014. APOGEE-2 also operates a second near-infrared spectrograph at the 2.5 m du Pont Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, with observations beginning in early 2017. Observations at both facilities are scheduled to continue through 2020. In keeping with previous SDSS policy, SDSS-IV provides regularly scheduled public data releases; the first one, Data Release 13, was made available in 2016 July.
1,200 citations