In this study, we found a new traversable wormhole solution in the framework of a bumblebee gravity model. With these types of models, the Lorentz symmetry violation arises from the dynamics of a bumblebee vector field that is nonminimally coupled with gravity. To this end, we checked the wormhole's flare-out and energy (null, weak, and strong) conditions. We then studied the deflection angle of light in the weak limit approximation using the Gibbons-Werner method. In particular, we show that the bumblebee gravity effect leads to a nontrivial global topology of the wormhole spacetime. By using the Gauss-Bonnet theorem (GBT), it is shown that the obtained non-asymptotically flat wormhole solution yields a topological term in the deflection angle of light. This term is proportional to the coupling constant, but independent from the impact factor parameter. Significantly, we showed that the bumblebee wormhole solutions, under specific conditions, support the normal matter wormhole geometries.

Exact traversable wormhole solution in bumblebee gravity

Traversable wormholes, tunnel-like structures introduced by Morris and Thorne [Am. J. Phys. 56 (1988) 395], have a significant role in connection of two different spacetimes or two different parts of the same spacetime. The characteristics of these wormholes depend upon the redshift and shape functions which are defined in terms of radial coordinate. In literature, several shape functions are defined and wormholes are studied in f(R) gravity with respect to these shape functions [F. S. N. Lobo and M. A. Oliveira, Phys. Rev. D 80 (2009) 104012; H. Saiedi and B. N. Esfahani, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 26 (2011) 1211; S. Bahamonde, M. Jamil, P. Pavlovic and M. Sossich, Phys. Rev. D 94 (2016) 044041]. In this paper, two shape functions (i) b(r) = r0log(r+1) log(r0+1) and (ii) b(r) = r0( r r0 )γ, 0 < γ < 1, are considered. The first shape function is newly defined, however, the second one is collected from the literature [M. Cataldo, L. Liempi and P. Rodriguez, Eur. Phys. J. C 77 (2017) 748]. The wormholes are investi...

Traversable wormholes and energy conditions with two different shape functions in f(R) gravity

In this paper we show that any static and spherically symmetric anisotropic solution of the Einstein field equations can be thought as a system sourced by certain deformed isotropic system in the context of Minimal Geometric Deformation-decoupling approach. To be more precise, we developed a mechanism to obtain an isotropic solution from any anisotropic solution of the Einstein field equations. As an example, we implement the method to obtain the sources of a simple static anisotropic and spherically symmetric traversable wormhole.

/pdf/minimal-geometric-deformation-the-inverse-problem-1dq94jih0b.pdf

Minimal Geometric Deformation: the inverse problem

Morris \& Thorne \cite{morris1} proposed geometrical objects called traversable wormholes that act as bridges in connecting two spacetimes or two different points of the same spacetime. The geometrical properties of these wormholes depend upon the choice of the shape function. In literature, these are studied in modified gravities for different types of shape functions. In this paper, the traversable wormholes having shape function $b(r)=\frac{r_0\tanh(r)}{\tanh(r_0)}$ are explored in $f(R)$ gravity with $f(R)=R+\alpha R^m-\beta R^{-n}$, where $\alpha$, $\beta$, $m$ and $n$ are real constants. For different values of constants in function $f(R)$, the analysis is done in various cases. In each case, the energy conditions, equation of state parameter and anisotropic parameter are determined.

Non violation of energy conditions in wormholes modelling

We have proposed a novel shape function on which the metric that models traversable wormholes is dependent. Using this shape function, the energy conditions, equation-of-state and anisotropy parameter are analyzed in f(R) gravity, f(R,T) gravity and general relativity. Furthermore, the consequences obtained with respect to these theories are compared. In addition, the existence of wormhole geometries is investigated.

Traversable wormholes with exponential shape function in modified gravity and general relativity: A comparative study

Static spherically symmetric wormholes with isotropic pressure

We construct a hierarchy of integrable systems whose Poisson structure corresponds to the BMS3 algebra, and then discuss its description in terms of the Riemannian geometry of locally flat spacetimes in three dimensions. The analysis is performed in terms of two-dimensional gauge fields for $$ isl\left(2,\mathrm{\mathbb{R}}\right) $$
 , being isomorphic to the Poincare algebra in 3D. Although the algebra is not semisimple, the formulation can still be carried out a la Drinfeld-Sokolov because it admits a nondegenerate invariant bilinear metric. The hierarchy turns out to be bi-Hamiltonian, labeled by a nonnegative integer k, and defined through a suitable generalization of the Gelfand-Dikii polynomials. The symmetries of the hierarchy are explicitly found. For k ≥ 1, the corresponding conserved charges span an infinite-dimensional Abelian algebra without central extensions, so that they are in involution; while in the case of k = 0, they generate the BMS3 algebra. In the special case of k = 1, by virtue of a suitable field redefinition and time scaling, the field equations are shown to be equivalent to the ones of a specific type of the Hirota-Satsuma coupled KdV systems. For k ≥ 1, the hierarchy also includes the so-called perturbed KdV equations as a particular case. A wide class of analytic solutions is also explicitly constructed for a generic value of k. Remarkably, the dynamics can be fully geometrized so as to describe the evolution of spacelike surfaces embedded in locally flat spacetimes. Indeed, General Relativity in 3D can be endowed with a suitable set of boundary conditions, so that the Einstein equations precisely reduce to the ones of the hierarchy aforementioned. The symmetries of the integrable systems then arise as diffeomorphisms that preserve the asymptotic form of the spacetime metric, and therefore, they become Noetherian. The infinite set of conserved charges is then recovered from the corresponding surface integrals in the canonical approach.

/pdf/integrable-systems-with-bms3-poisson-structure-and-the-3ijh6e4pm8.pdf

Integrable systems with BMS3 Poisson structure and the dynamics of locally flat spacetimes

In this paper we study relativistic static traversable wormhole solutions which are a slight generalization of Schwarzschild wormholes. In order to do this we assume a shape function with a linear dependence on the radial coordinate r. This linear shape function generates wormholes whose asymptotic spacetime is not flat: they are asymptotically locally flat, since in the asymptotic limit $$r \rightarrow \infty $$
 spacetimes exhibiting a solid angle deficit (or excess) are obtained. In particular, there exist wormholes which connect two asymptotically non-flat regions with a solid angle deficit. For these wormholes the size of their embeddings in a three-dimensional Euclidean space extends from the throat to infinity. A new phantom zero-tidal-force wormhole exhibiting such asymptotic is obtained. On the other hand, if a solid angle excess is present, the size of the wormhole embeddings depends on the amount of this angle excess, and the energy density is negative everywhere. We discuss the traversability conditions and study the impact of the $$\beta $$
 -parameter on the motion of a traveler when the wormhole throat is crossed. A description of the geodesic behavior for the wormholes obtained is also presented.

/pdf/traversable-schwarzschild-like-wormholes-2l7dljwupp.pdf

Traversable Schwarzschild-like wormholes

We construct a hierarchy of integrable systems whose Poisson structure corresponds to the BMS$_{3}$ algebra, and then discuss its description in terms of the Riemannian geometry of locally flat spacetimes in three dimensions. The analysis is performed in terms of two-dimensional gauge fields for $isl(2,R)$. Although the algebra is not semisimple, the formulation can be carried out a la Drinfeld-Sokolov because it admits a nondegenerate invariant bilinear metric. The hierarchy turns out to be bi-Hamiltonian, labeled by a nonnegative integer $k$, and defined through a suitable generalization of the Gelfand-Dikii polynomials. The symmetries of the hierarchy are explicitly found. For $k\geq 1$, the corresponding conserved charges span an infinite-dimensional Abelian algebra without central extensions, and they are in involution; while in the case of $k=0$, they generate the BMS$_{3}$ algebra. In the special case of $k=1$, by virtue of a suitable field redefinition and time scaling, the field equations are shown to be equivalent to a specific type of the Hirota-Satsuma coupled KdV systems. For $k\geq 1$, the hierarchy also includes the so-called perturbed KdV equations as a particular case. A wide class of analytic solutions is also explicitly constructed for a generic value of $k$. Remarkably, the dynamics can be fully geometrized so as to describe the evolution of spacelike surfaces embedded in locally flat spacetimes. Indeed, General Relativity in 3D can be endowed with a suitable set of boundary conditions, so that the Einstein equations precisely reduce to the ones of the hierarchy aforementioned. The symmetries of the integrable systems then arise as diffeomorphisms that preserve the asymptotic form of the spacetime metric, and therefore, they become Noetherian. The infinite set of conserved charges is recovered from the corresponding surface integrals in the canonical approach.

/pdf/integrable-systems-with-bms-3-poisson-structure-and-the-28cqmbj4ft.pdf

Integrable systems with BMS$_{3}$ Poisson structure and the dynamics of locally flat spacetimes

In this paper, we study classical general relativistic static wormhole configurations with pseudospherical symmetry. We show that, in addition to the hyperbolic wormhole solutions discussed by Lobo and Mimoso in [Phys. Rev. D 82, 044034 (2010)], there exists another wormhole class, which is a truly pseudospherical counterpart of spherical Morris--Thorne wormhole (contrary to the Lobo--Mimoso wormhole class), since all constraints originally defined by Morris and Thorne for spherically symmetric wormholes are satisfied. We show that, for both classes of hyperbolic wormholes, the energy density, at the throat, is always negative, while the radial pressure is positive, contrary to the spherically symmetric Morris--Thorne wormhole. Specific hyperbolic wormholes are constructed and discussed by imposing different conditions for the radial and lateral pressures, or by considering restricted choices for the redshift and the shape functions. In particular, we show that a hyperbolic wormhole cannot be sustained at the throat by phantom energy and that there are pseudospherically symmetric wormholes supported by matter with isotropic pressure and characterized by space sections with an angle deficit (or excess).

Pablo Rodríguez

Papers

Static spherically symmetric wormholes with isotropic pressure

Integrable systems with BMS3 Poisson structure and the dynamics of locally flat spacetimes

Traversable Schwarzschild-like wormholes

Integrable systems with BMS$_{3}$ Poisson structure and the dynamics of locally flat spacetimes

Morris-Thorne wormholes in static pseudospherically symmetric spacetimes