Paek Kee Yoeup

Bio: Paek Kee Yoeup is an academic researcher from Chungbuk National University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Wrinkle & Eleutherococcus. The author has an hindex of 3, co-authored 5 publications receiving 153 citations.

Mass multiplication of protocorm-like bodies using bioreactor system and subsequent plant regeneration in Phalaenopsis

Abstract: Protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) formed on leaf segmentsin vitro were used as explants for bioreactor cultures. Continuous immersion cultures (air lift column and air lift-balloon bioreactor), and temporary immersion cultures (with or without charcoal filter attached) were used for the culture of PLB sections. A temporary immersion culture with charcoal filter attached was most suitable for PLB culture. About 18,000 PLBs were harvested from 20 g of inoculum (∼1000 PLB sections) in 2 l Hyponex medium after 8 weeks of incubation. Aeration in a bioreactor at 0.5 or 2.0 volume of air per volume of medium min−1 (vvm) yielded similar levels of biomass production. PLBs grown in bioreactors were cultured on solid Murashige and Skoog, Vacin and Went, Knudson C, Lindemann and Hyponex media. Hyponex medium was found to be suitable for conversion of PLBs into plantlets and 83% of PLBs transformed into plantlets on this medium. The feasibility of using PLBs for large-scale micropropagation was evaluated for scaled-up liquid cultures in bioreactors, rate of proliferation, and regeneration.

Micropropagation of Woody Plants Using Bioreactor

Abstract: The use of plant tissue culture techniques has revolutionized the plant propagation and now plants are commercially micropropagated. In recent years, many micropropagation companies world over have emerged. However, few companies are generating good profits. As a result micropropagation industry has not grown appreciably. High skilled labour cost in developed countries is the limiting factor for the development of this industry. Commercial laboratories so far, have been using the procedures developed at the research level in which skilled operators manipulate explants and sub-culture of shoots in laminer hood. The methods limit the total number of propagules a person can handle. This restricts its application to plants in which a high unit cost of production can be economically justified (Christie et al., 1995; Cervelli and Senaratna, 1995). In addition, current method of tissue culture is difficult to automate. Many significant biological and cultural problems must be solved before the technique can be amenable to automation.

Method for production of adventitious roots of eleutherococcus koreanum containing increased content of physiological active compounds

Abstract: The present invention is a method for production of adventitious roots of eleutherococcus koreanum containing increased contents of bioactive materials and adventitious roots prepared by the same. According to the present invention, contents of bioactive materials, in particular, eleutheroside B in the adventitious roots of eleutherococcus koreanum are highly increased by treatment with salicylic acid. Thus, the adventitious roots of eleutherococcus koreanum containing large amounts of eleutheroside B having outstanding analgesic anti-inflammatory, anti-stress, and antibacterial action can be provided.

Anti-wrinkle cosmetic composition comprising essentially polygonum multiflorum adventitious extract

Abstract: The present invention relates to a functional cosmetic composition for wrinkle prevention and amelioration on skin in a human body, containing a medicinal herb extract. The present invention further relates to a method for extracting the same. More specifically, the present invention provides a functional cosmetic composition for skin wrinkle prevention and amelioration, containing an active ingredient extracted from adventitious roots of Polygonum multiflorum. The composition of the present invention exhibits excellent effects in a clinical test involving in antioxidation, inhibition of elastase activities, inhibition of collagenase expression, and skin wrinkle amelioration in human body. Furthermore, the composition does not cause side effects, and provides excellent effects of ameliorating skin wrinkles at the same time.

Method for increasing effective component content of Echinacea sp. adventitious root by elicitor treatment

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for culturing an adventitious root of a plant of the genus Echinacea with an increased content of useful components, comprising the steps of: sterilizing the plant of the genus Echinacea; inducing and propagating the adventitious root from a petiole explant of the sterilized plant of the genus Echinacea; and culturing the adventitious root by treating the adventitious root with an attractant in a bioreactor. The method of the present invention can produce an adventitious root of Echinacea with enhanced content of useful components by attractant treatment, and thus can increase the utility of Echinacea.

Conservation in vitro of threatened plants - progress in the past decade

Abstract: In vitro techniques have found increasing use in the conservation of threatened plants in recent years and this trend is likely to continue as more species face risk of extinction. The Micropropagation Unit at Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK (RBG Kew) has an extensive collection of in vitro plants including many threatened species from throughout the world. The long history of the unit and the range of plants cultured have enabled considerable expertise to be amassed in identifying the problems and developing experimental strategies for propagation and conservation of threatened plants. While a large body of knowledge is available on the in vitro culture of plants, there are limited publications relating to threatened plant conservation. This review highlights the progress in in vitro culture and conservation of threatened plants in the past decade (1995–2005) and suggests future research directions. Works on non-threatened plants are also included wherever methods have applications in rare plant conservation. Recalcitrant plant materials collected from the wild or ex situ collections are difficult to grow in culture. Different methods of sterilization and other treatments to establish clean material for culture initiation are reviewed. Application of different culture methods for multiplication, and use of unconventional materials for rooting and transplantation are reviewed. As the available plant material for culture initiation is scarce and in many cases associated with inherent problems such as low viability and endogenous contamination, reliable protocols on multiplication, rooting, and storage methods are very important. In this context, photoautotrophic micropropagation has the potential for development as a routine method for the in vitro conservation of endangered plants. Long-term storage of material in culture is challenging and the potential applications of cryopreservation are significant in this area. Future conservation biotechnology research and its applications must be aimed at conserving highly threatened, mainly endemic, plants from conservation hotspots.

Application of bioreactor systems for large scale production of horticultural and medicinal plants

Abstract: Automation of micropropagation via organogenesis or somatic embryogenesis in a bioreactor has been advanced as a possible way of reducing costs. Micropropagation by conventional techniques is typically a labour-intensive means of clonal propagation. The paper describes lower cost and less labour-intensive clonal propagation through the use of modified air-lift, bubble column, bioreactors (a balloon-type bubble bioreactor), together with temporary immersion systems for the propagation of shoots, bud-clusters and somatic embryos. Propagation of Anoectochilus, apple, Chrysanthemum, garlic, ginseng, grape, Lilium, Phalaenopsis and potato is described. In this chapter, features of bioreactors and bioreactor process design specifically for automated mass propagation of several plant crops are described, and recent research aimed at maximizing automation of the bioreactor production process is highlighted.

Simple bioreactors for mass propagation of plants

Abstract: Bioreactors provide a rapid and efficient plant propagation system for many agricultural and forestry species, utilizing liquid media to avoid intensive manual handling. Large-scale liquid cultures have been used for micropropagation through organogenesis or somatic embryogenesis pathways. Various types of bioreactors with gas-sparged mixing are suitable for the production of clusters of buds, meristems or protocorms. A simple glass bubble-column bioreactor for the proliferation of ornamental and vegetable crop species resulted in biomass increase of 3 to 6-fold in 3–4 weeks. An internal loop bioreactor was used for asparagus, celery and cucumber embryogenic cultures. However, as the biomass increased, the mixing and circulation were not optimal and growth was reduced. A disposable pre-sterilized plastic bioreactor (2–5-l volume) was used for the proliferation of meristematic clusters of several ornamental, vegetable and woody plant species. The plastic bioreactor induced minimal shearing and foaming, resulting in an increase in biomass as compared to the glass bubble-column bioreactor. A major issue related to the use of liquid media in bioreactors is hyperhydricity, that is, morphogenic malformation. Liquid cultures impose stress signals that are expressed in developmental aberrations. Submerged tissues exhibit oxidative stress, with elevated concentrations of reactive oxygen species associated with a change in antioxidant enzyme activity. These changes affect the anatomy and physiology of the plants and their survival. Malformation was controlled by adding growth retardants to decrease rapid proliferation. Growth retardants ancymidol or paclobutrazol reduced water uptake during cell proliferation, decreased vacuolation and intercellular spaces, shortened the stems and inhibited leaf expansion, inducing the formation of clusters. Using a two-stage bioreactor process, the medium was changed in the second stage to a medium lacking growth retardants to induce development of the meristematic clusters into buds or somatic embryos. Cluster biomass increased 10–15-fold during a period of 25–30 days depending on the species. Potato bud clusters cultured in 1.5 1 of medium in a 2-l capacity bioreactor, increased during 10–30 days. Poplar in vitro roots regenerated buds in the presence of thidiazuron (TDZ); the biomass increased 12-fold in 30 days. Bioreactor-regenerated clusters were separated with a manual cutter, producing small propagule units that formed shoots and initiated roots. Clusters of buds or meristematic nodules with reduced shoots, as well as arrested leaf growth, had less distortion and were optimal for automated cutting and dispensing. In tuber-, bulb- and corm-producing plants, growth retardants and elevated sucrose concentrations in the media were found to enhance storage organ formation, providing a better propagule for transplanting or storage. Bioreactor-cultures have several advantages compared with agar-based cultures, with a better control of the contact of the plant tissue with the culture medium, and optimal nutrient and growth regulator supply, as well as aeration and medium circulation, the filtration of the medium and the scaling-up of the cultures. Micropropagation in bioreactors for optimal plant production will depend on a better understanding of plant responses to signals from the microenvironment and on specific culture manipulation to control the morphogenesis of plants in liquid cultures.