Author
Pascal Fichet
Other affiliations: French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission, Alternatives, United States Atomic Energy Commission
Bio: Pascal Fichet is an academic researcher from Université Paris-Saclay. The author has contributed to research in topics: Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy & Spectroscopy. The author has an hindex of 12, co-authored 32 publications receiving 1160 citations. Previous affiliations of Pascal Fichet include French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission & Alternatives.
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, three different methods are evaluated to correct the matrix effects and to obtain quantitative results: by using an external reference sample and normalizing to the sum of all elemental concentrations, by using the internal standardization by oxygen, a major element common to all studied matrices, and by applying the Calibration Free Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy method.
210 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, an international consortium is studying the feasibility of performing in situ geochemical analysis of Mars soils and rocks at stand-off distances up to several meters using the Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) technique.
173 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an evaluation of one design of a compact spectrograph (Ocean Optics HR2000) for in-situ and stand-off analysis of geological samples under Mars atmospheric conditions.
132 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, simple-and double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy was studied on aluminum samples at atmospheric pressure in air, and the influence of the delay between the two laser pulses was investigated.
130 citations
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TL;DR: A micro-LIBS device devoted to analysis of the distribution of elements on surfaces is described, which offers rapid access with a 3-microm spatial resolution to the microchemical structures of both conductive and nonconductive samples.
Abstract: Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been applied mainly to bulk
analysis of solids, liquids, and gases and less frequently for elemental
microanalysis of solid surfaces. A micro-LIBS device devoted to analysis of the
distribution of elements on surfaces is described. This device offers rapid
access with a 3-µm spatial resolution to the microchemical structures of
both conductive and nonconductive samples. Quantitative microchemical results of
applications to ceramics are reported. By the use of a time-resolved acquisition
spectrum, cerium in a uranium matrix was characterized with a cerium detection
limit of 1.14%. Calibration curves obtained with manipulations during 1 year
facilitated evaluations of reproducibility and repeatability. A 2% single-shot
repeatability with a calibration reproducibility of ∼7% is reported.
127 citations
Cited by
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TL;DR: The current state-of-the-art of analytical LIBS is summarized, providing a contemporary snapshot of LIBS applications, and highlighting new directions in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, such as novel approaches, instrumental developments, and advanced use of chemometric tools are discussed.
Abstract: The first part of this two-part review focused on the fundamental and diagnostics aspects of laser-induced plasmas, only touching briefly upon concepts such as sensitivity and detection limits and largely omitting any discussion of the vast panorama of the practical applications of the technique. Clearly a true LIBS community has emerged, which promises to quicken the pace of LIBS developments, applications, and implementations. With this second part, a more applied flavor is taken, and its intended goal is summarizing the current state-of-the-art of analytical LIBS, providing a contemporary snapshot of LIBS applications, and highlighting new directions in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, such as novel approaches, instrumental developments, and advanced use of chemometric tools. More specifically, we discuss instrumental and analytical approaches (e.g., double- and multi-pulse LIBS to improve the sensitivity), calibration-free approaches, hyphenated approaches in which techniques such as Raman and fluorescence are coupled with LIBS to increase sensitivity and information power, resonantly enhanced LIBS approaches, signal processing and optimization (e.g., signal-to-noise analysis), and finally applications. An attempt is made to provide an updated view of the role played by LIBS in the various fields, with emphasis on applications considered to be unique. We finally try to assess where LIBS is going as an analytical field, where in our opinion it should go, and what should still be done for consolidating the technique as a mature method of chemical analysis.
1,159 citations
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01 Jan 2018TL;DR: Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) as discussed by the authors is a technique where atoms and ions are primarily formed in their excited states as a result of interaction between a tightly focused laser beam and the material sample.
Abstract: Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is basically an emission spectroscopy technique where atoms and ions are primarily formed in their excited states as a result of interaction between a tightly focused laser beam and the material sample. The interaction between matter and high-density photons generates a plasma plume, which evolves with time and may eventually acquire thermodynamic equilibrium. One of the important features of this technique is that it does not require any sample preparation, unlike conventional spectroscopic analytical techniques. Samples in the form of solids, liquids, gels, gases, plasmas and biological materials (like teeth, leaf or blood) can be studied with almost equal ease.LIBS has rapidly developed into a major analytical technology with the capability of detecting all chemical elements in a sample, of real- time response, and of close-contact or stand-off analysis of targets. The present book has been written by active specialists in this field, it includes the basic principles, the latest developments in instrumentation and the applications of LIBS. It will be useful to analytical chemists and spectroscopists as an important source of information and also to graduate students and researchers engaged in the fields of combustion, environmental science, and planetary and space exploration. It features: recent research work, possible future applications and LIBS Principles.
611 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the main assumptions of the methods, namely the optical thin emission of spectral lines and the existence of local thermodynamic equilibrium in the plasma are evaluated, and a review is focused on the progress achieved in the determination of the physical parameters characteristic of the plasma, such as electron density, temperature and densities of atoms and ions.
511 citations
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Los Alamos National Laboratory1, Centre national de la recherche scientifique2, Paul Sabatier University3, Planetary Science Institute4, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales5, Arizona State University6, California Institute of Technology7, Ames Research Center8, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory9, University of Bordeaux10, Space Science Institute11, Mount Holyoke College12, United States Geological Survey13, Lunar and Planetary Institute14, Charles Stark Draper Laboratory15, University of Paris16, University of New Mexico17, Goddard Space Flight Center18, University of Nantes19, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris20, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives21
TL;DR: The first laser-induced breakdown spectrometer (LIBS) was used on the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover Curiosity for remote compositional information using the first LIBS on a planetary mission, and provided sample texture and morphology data using a remote micro-imager.
Abstract: The ChemCam instrument suite on the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) rover Curiosity provides remote compositional information using the first laser-induced breakdown spectrometer (LIBS) on a planetary mission, and provides sample texture and morphology data using a remote micro-imager (RMI). Overall, ChemCam supports MSL with five capabilities: remote classification of rock and soil characteristics; quantitative elemental compositions including light elements like hydrogen and some elements to which LIBS is uniquely sensitive (e.g., Li, Be, Rb, Sr, Ba); remote removal of surface dust and depth profiling through surface coatings; context imaging; and passive spectroscopy over the 240–905 nm range. ChemCam is built in two sections: The mast unit, consisting of a laser, telescope, RMI, and associated electronics, resides on the rover’s mast, and is described in a companion paper. ChemCam’s body unit, which is mounted in the body of the rover, comprises an optical demultiplexer, three spectrometers, detectors, their coolers, and associated electronics and data handling logic. Additional instrument components include a 6 m optical fiber which transfers the LIBS light from the telescope to the body unit, and a set of onboard calibration targets. ChemCam was integrated and tested at Los Alamos National Laboratory where it also underwent LIBS calibration with 69 geological standards prior to integration with the rover. Post-integration testing used coordinated mast and instrument commands, including LIBS line scans on rock targets during system-level thermal-vacuum tests. In this paper we describe the body unit, optical fiber, and calibration targets, and the assembly, testing, and verification of the instrument prior to launch.
482 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a review of recent results of the studies of double laser pulse plasma and ablation for laser induced breakdown spectroscopy applications is presented, where the authors demonstrate that the maximum effect is obtained at some optimum separation delay time between pulses, which depends on several factors, such as the target material, the energy level of excited states responsible for the emission, and the type of enhancement process considered.
448 citations