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Paul F. Hamlyn

Bio: Paul F. Hamlyn is an academic researcher from University of Nottingham. The author has contributed to research in topics: The Internet & Protoplast. The author has an hindex of 8, co-authored 19 publications receiving 446 citations.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that high yields of protoplasts can be prepared from a variety of fungi using relatively cheap commercial enzymes.

163 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: If developed for use as wound management materials, the sporangiophores of P. blakesleeanus and the mycelium of M. mucedo could possibly promote the growth of fibroblasts and provide a matrix for their anchorage, thus contributing to the granulation phase of the healing cascade.
Abstract: Aspergillus oryzae, Mucor mucedo, and Phycomyces blakesleeanus cultures were examined as sources of chitin/chitosan. The nitrogen content of the alkali-treated mycelia/sporangiophores of A. oryzae, M. mucedo, and P. blakesleeanus was 2.52, 3.61, and 6.27% w/w, which relates to an estimated chitin content of 37, 52, and 91%, respectively. The effect of these fungal materials on the rate of proliferation of human F1000 fibroblasts in culture was examined. At 0.01% w/v, all three materials exhibited significant (P<.05) proproliferant activity over a period of 13 days. However, at 0.05% w/v, P. blakesleeanus further enhanced cell proliferation, whereas A. oryzae and M. mucedo produced a significant (P<.05) antiproliferant effect. Higher concentrations of P. blakesleeanus (0.1 and 0.5%) caused marked inhibition of F1000 cell proliferation when measured on days 3 and 6. Only the proproliferant effect of these fungal materials appears to correlate to their chitin content. Furthermore, the cytomorphology of the fibroblasts indicated that P. blakesleeanus, and to a lesser extent M. mucedo, possessed cell attractant properties, again correlating with chitin content. If developed for use as wound management materials, the sporangiophores of P. blakesleeanus and the mycelium of M. mucedo could possibly promote the growth of fibroblasts and provide a matrix for their anchorage, thus contributing to the granulation phase of the healing cascade. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

136 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results suggest that the H2O2 being generated by the fungal materials modulates cell proliferation but that this effect is superimposed upon a H1O2-independent antiproliferant effect manifesting itself at the higher concentrations of fungal material.
Abstract: Agaricus bisporus, Fusarium graminearum, Phycomyces blakesleeanus, unbleached and bleached, Rhizomucor miehei, and Rhizopus oryzae were examined as sources of fungal chitin/chitosan The nitrogen content of the alkalitreated mycelia/sporangiophores obtained after optimization of culture conditions, and of similarly treated A bisporus stipes, was 287, 129, 627, 650, 480, and 495% w/w, respectively, which relates to an estimated chitin content of 42, 19, 91, 94, 70, and 72%, respectively The hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-generating ability of the treated fungal materials after 8 h at pH 74 and 37 degrees C decreased in the order R oryzae > P blakesleeanus unbleached approximately R miehi > F graminearum > A bisporus > P blakesleeanus bleached This did not correlate with estimated chitin content The effect of these fungal materials on the rate of proliferation of murine L929 fibroblasts in culture also was examined Both pro- and antiproliferant effects were observed Significant (P < 05) proproliferant effects were observed on day 6 with R miehei, R oryzae, and P blakesleeanus (unbleached and bleached) at 001% w/v The greatest antiproliferant effect was observed with R oryzae at 005% w/v on day 6 (-63% relative to the control, P < 05; cell viability, 95%) In contrast, A bisporus failed to affect cell yield significantly at either 001 or 005% w/v Addition of catalase to cultures containing R oryzae or R miehei at 005% w/v failed to abolish the antiproliferant effect on day 3, instead producing a small but significant (P < 05) increase in the effect Catalase also failed to affect significantly the antiproliferant effect of F graminearum at 005% w/v, but did abolish the proproliferant effect of P blakesleeanus (unbleached and bleached) on day 3 Overall, our results suggest that the H2O2 being generated by the fungal materials modulates cell proliferation but that this effect is superimposed upon a H2O2-independent antiproliferant effect manifesting itself at the higher concentrations of fungal material The antiproliferant effect was not attributable to Ca2+, Mg2+, or Fe2+ depletion although chelation of Fe2+ did correlate with H2O2-generating ability Only P blakesleeanus appears to lack this antiproliferant activity while retaining H2O2-generating activity These results may aid the selection of fungal chitin/chitosan for further evaluation as a potential wound management material

31 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: On-site monitoring of freshly cooked camelid meat using a Bloodhound electronic nose has been carried out in Peru and Bolivia using inert, collapsible plastic bags.

25 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Protoplasts of nutritionally complementary strains of Cephalosporium acremonium were fused and plated onto media which supressed the growth of both parents, and analysis of these colonies provided evidence for eight linkage groups and a relatively high rate of mitotic crossing-over.
Abstract: Summary: Protoplasts of nutritionally complementary strains of Cephalosporium acremonium were fused and plated onto media which supressed the growth of both parents. The regenerating colonies were used for genetic analysis and were found to be of two types, stable haploid recombinants and unstable heterozygotes (aneuploids and/or diploids). Analysis of these colonies provided evidence for eight linkage groups and a relatively high rate of mitotic crossing-over. The gene order for three of the markers on one linkage group was also determined.

21 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. S. Nagar, Punjab-160 062, India, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University, Via Ranieri 67, IT-60100 Ancona, Italy, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Natural Products,The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, School of Pharmacy-Faculty of medicine, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
Abstract: Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S. Nagar,Mohali, Punjab-160 062, India, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University, Via Ranieri 67, IT-60100 Ancona, Italy,Green Biotechnology Research Group, The Special Division for Human Life Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science andTechnology, 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka-563-8577, Japan, and Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Natural Products,The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem 91120, IsraelReceived March 2, 2004

2,570 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review discusses the various attempts reported on solving this problem from the point of view of the chemistry and the structure of these polymers highlighting the drawbacks and advantages of each method and proposes that based on considerations of structure-property relations, it is possible to obtain chitin fibers with improved strength by making use of their nanostructures and/or mesophase properties of chitins.

2,278 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An overview of the key features of CT and CS membranes and scaffolds such as their biodegradability, cytocompatibility and mechanical properties toward applications in tissue engineering and wound healing are provided.

732 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results in this study indicate that the asymmetric chitosan membrane prepared could be adequately employed in the future as a wound dressing.

660 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of the major research topics explored by Braconnot, and assesses their importance in the light of our most advanced knowledge is presented in this paper, where the value of fungi, seafoods and insects is described in connection with the significance of the presence of chitin itself in foods, and Chitinases in the human digestive system.

618 citations