Showing papers by "Paul Jackson published in 2018"
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TL;DR: In this paper, a search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum is reported, and the results are translated into exclusion limits in models with pair-produced weakly interacting dark-matter candidates, large extra spatial dimensions, and supersymmetric particles in several compressed scenarios.
Abstract: Results of a search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum are reported. The search uses proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb−1 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected in 2015 and 2016 with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events are required to have at least one jet with a transverse momentum above 250 GeV and no leptons (e or μ). Several signal regions are considered with increasing requirements on the missing transverse momentum above 250 GeV. Good agreement is observed between the number of events in data and Standard Model predictions. The results are translated into exclusion limits in models with pair-produced weakly interacting dark-matter candidates, large extra spatial dimensions, and supersymmetric particles in several compressed scenarios.
358 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the observed significance is 5.8 standard deviations, compared to an expectation of 4.9 standard deviations and the observed (expected) significance is 6.3 (5.1) standard deviations.
306 citations
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290 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the properties of the Higgs boson were measured in the two-photon final state using 36.1 fb-1 of proton? proton collision data recorded at ffiffi √s = 13 TeV by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider.
Abstract: Properties of the Higgs boson are measured in the two-photon final state using 36.1 fb-1 of proton? proton collision data recorded at ffiffi √s = 13 TeV by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Cross-section measurements for the production of a Higgs boson through gluon-gluon fusion, vectorboson fusion, and in association with a vector boson or a top-quark pair are reported. The signal strength, defined as the ratio of the observed to the expected signal yield, is measured for each of these production processes as well as inclusively. The global signal strength measurement of 0.99 ± 0.14 improves on the precision of the ATLAS measurement at √s = 7 and 8 TeV by a factor of two. Measurements of gluon-gluon fusion and vector-boson fusion productions yield signal strengths compatible with the Standard Model prediction. Measurements of simplified template cross sections, designed to quantify the different Higgs boson production processes in specific regions of phase space, are reported. The cross section for the production of the Higgs boson decaying to two isolated photons in a fiducial region closely matching the experimental selection of the photons is measured to be 55 ± 10 fb, which is in good agreement with the Standard Model prediction of 64 ± 2 fb. Furthermore, cross sections in fiducial regions enriched in Higgs boson production in vector-boson fusion or in association with large missing transverse momentum, leptons or top-quark pairs are reported. Differential and double-differential measurements are performed for several variables related to the diphoton kinematics as well as the kinematics and multiplicity of the jets produced in association with a Higgs boson. These differential cross sections are sensitive to higher order QCD corrections and properties of the Higgs boson, such as its spin and CP quantum numbers. No significant deviations from a wide array of Standard Model predictions are observed. Finally, the strength and tensor structure of the Higgs boson interactions are investigated using an effective Lagrangian, which introduces additional CP-even and CP-odd interactions. No significant new physics contributions are observed.
251 citations
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TL;DR: A search for the decay of the Standard Model Higgs boson into a bb¯ pair when produced in association with a W or Z boson is performed with the ATLAS detector as mentioned in this paper.
221 citations
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TL;DR: The performance of the missing transverse momentum reconstruction with the ATLAS detector is evaluated using data collected in proton–proton collisions at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in 2015.
Abstract: The performance of the missing transverse momentum ( ETmiss ) reconstruction with the ATLAS detector is evaluated using data collected in proton-proton collisions at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in 2015. To reconstruct ETmiss , fully calibrated electrons, muons, photons, hadronically decaying τ-leptons , and jets reconstructed from calorimeter energy deposits and charged-particle tracks are used. These are combined with the soft hadronic activity measured by reconstructed charged-particle tracks not associated with the hard objects. Possible double counting of contributions from reconstructed charged-particle tracks from the inner detector, energy deposits in the calorimeter, and reconstructed muons from the muon spectrometer is avoided by applying a signal ambiguity resolution procedure which rejects already used signals when combining the various ETmiss contributions. The individual terms as well as the overall reconstructed ETmiss are evaluated with various performance metrics for scale (linearity), resolution, and sensitivity to the data-taking conditions. The method developed to determine the systematic uncertainties of the ETmiss scale and resolution is discussed. Results are shown based on the full 2015 data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.2fb-1 .
208 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a search was performed for resonant and non-resonant Higgs boson pair production in the $ \upgamma \ upgamma b\overline{b} $ final state.
Abstract: A search is performed for resonant and non-resonant Higgs boson pair production in the $ \upgamma \upgamma b\overline{b} $ final state. The data set used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb$^{−1}$ of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. No significant excess relative to the Standard Model expectation is observed. The observed limit on the non-resonant Higgs boson pair cross-section is 0.73 pb at 95% confidence level. This observed limit is equivalent to 22 times the predicted Standard Model cross-section. The Higgs boson self-coupling (κ$_{λ}$ = λ$_{HHH}$/λ$_{HHH}^{SM}$ ) is constrained at 95% confidence level to −8.2 < κ$_{λ}$ < 13.2. For resonant Higgs boson pair production through $ X\to HH\to \upgamma \upgamma b\overline{b} $ , the limit is presented, using the narrow-width approximation, as a function of m$_{X}$ in the range 260 GeV < m$_{X}$ < 1000 GeV. The observed limits range from 1.1 pb to 0.12 pb over this mass range.
202 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the mass of the $W$ boson was measured based on proton-proton collision data recorded in 2011 at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC.
Abstract: A measurement of the mass of the $W$ boson is presented based on proton-proton collision data recorded in 2011 at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, and corresponding to 4.6 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity. The selected data sample consists of $7.8 \times 10^6$ candidates in the $W\rightarrow \mu
u$ channel and $5.9 \times 10^6$ candidates in the $W\rightarrow e
u$ channel. The $W$-boson mass is obtained from template fits to the reconstructed distributions of the charged lepton transverse momentum and of the $W$ boson transverse mass in the electron and muon decay channels, yielding \begin{eqnarray} m_W &=& 80370 \pm 7 \, (\textrm{stat.}) \pm 11 \, (\textrm{exp. syst.}) \pm 14 \, (\textrm{mod. syst.}) \, \textrm{MeV} &=& 80370 \pm 19 \, \textrm{MeV}, \end{eqnarray} where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second corresponds to the experimental systematic uncertainty, and the third to the physics-modelling systematic uncertainty. A measurement of the mass difference between the $W^+$ and $W^-$ bosons yields $m_{W^+}-m_{W^-} = -29 \pm 28$ MeV.
195 citations
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TL;DR: The physics program of the Belle II experiment, located on the intensity frontier SuperKEKB $e+e^-$ collider, is presented in this article, which includes a wide scope of physics topics: B physics, charm, tau, quarkonium, electroweak precision measurements and dark sector searches.
Abstract: We present the physics program of the Belle II experiment, located on the intensity frontier SuperKEKB $e^+e^-$ collider. Belle II collected its first collisions in 2018, and is expected to operate for the next decade. It is anticipated to collect 50/ab of collision data over its lifetime. This book is the outcome of a joint effort of Belle II collaborators and theorists through the Belle II theory interface platform (B2TiP), an effort that commenced in 2014. The aim of B2TiP was to elucidate the potential impacts of the Belle II program, which includes a wide scope of physics topics: B physics, charm, tau, quarkonium, electroweak precision measurements and dark sector searches. It is composed of nine working groups (WGs), which are coordinated by teams of theorist and experimentalists conveners: Semileptonic and leptonic B decays, Radiative and Electroweak penguins, phi_1 and phi_2 (time-dependent CP violation) measurements, phi_3 measurements, Charmless hadronic B decay, Charm, Quarkonium(like), tau and low-multiplicity processes, new physics and global fit analyses. This book highlights "golden- and silver-channels", i.e. those that would have the highest potential impact in the field. Theorists scrutinised the role of those measurements and estimated the respective theoretical uncertainties, achievable now as well as prospects for the future. Experimentalists investigated the expected improvements with the large dataset expected from Belle II, taking into account improved performance from the upgraded detector.
188 citations
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TL;DR: A search for the electroweak production of charginos, neutralinos and sleptons decaying into final states involving two or three electrons or muons is presented and stringent limits at 95% confidence level are placed on the masses of relevant supersymmetric particles.
Abstract: A search for the electroweak production of charginos, neutralinos and sleptons decaying into final states involving two or three electrons or muons is presented. The analysis is based on 36.1 fb$^{-1}$ of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV proton–proton collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Several scenarios based on simplified models are considered. These include the associated production of the next-to-lightest neutralino and the lightest chargino, followed by their decays into final states with leptons and the lightest neutralino via either sleptons or Standard Model gauge bosons, direct production of chargino pairs, which in turn decay into leptons and the lightest neutralino via intermediate sleptons, and slepton pair production, where each slepton decays directly into the lightest neutralino and a lepton. No significant deviations from the Standard Model expectation are observed and stringent limits at 95% confidence level are placed on the masses of relevant supersymmetric particles in each of these scenarios. For a massless lightest neutralino, masses up to 580 GeV are excluded for the associated production of the next-to-lightest neutralino and the lightest chargino, assuming gauge-boson mediated decays, whereas for slepton-pair production masses up to 500 GeV are excluded assuming three generations of mass-degenerate sleptons.
181 citations
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TL;DR: Combined 95% confidence-level upper limits are set on the production cross section for a range of vectorlike quark scenarios, significantly improving upon the reach of the individual searches.
Abstract: A combination of the searches for pair-produced vectorlike partners of the top and bottom quarks in various decay channels (T -> Zt/Wb/Ht, B -> Zb/Wt/Hb) is performed using 36.1 fb(-1) of pp ...
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TL;DR: A search for doubly charged Higgs bosons with pairs of prompt, isolated, highly energetic leptons with the same electric charge is presented, fitting the dilepton mass spectra in several exclusive signal regions.
Abstract: A search for doubly charged Higgs bosons with pairs of prompt, isolated, highly energetic leptons with the same electric charge is presented. The search uses a proton–proton collision data sample at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV corresponding to 36.1 $$\text {fb}^{-1}$$
of integrated luminosity recorded in 2015 and 2016 by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. This analysis focuses on the decays $$H^{\pm \pm }\rightarrow e^{\pm }e^{\pm }$$
, $$H^{\pm \pm }\rightarrow e^{\pm }\mu ^{\pm }$$
and $$H^{\pm \pm }\rightarrow \mu ^{\pm }\mu ^{\pm }$$
, fitting the dilepton mass spectra in several exclusive signal regions. No significant evidence of a signal is observed and corresponding limits on the production cross-section and consequently a lower limit on $$m(H^{\pm \pm })$$
are derived at 95% confidence level. With $$\ell ^{\pm }\ell ^{\pm }=e^{\pm }e^{\pm }/\mu ^{\pm }\mu ^{\pm }/e^{\pm }\mu ^{\pm }$$
, the observed lower limit on the mass of a doubly charged Higgs boson only coupling to left-handed leptons varies from 770 to 870 GeV (850 GeV expected) for $$B(H^{\pm \pm }\rightarrow \ell ^{\pm }\ell ^{\pm })=100\%$$
and both the expected and observed mass limits are above 450 GeV for $$B(H^{\pm \pm }\rightarrow \ell ^{\pm }\ell ^{\pm })=10\%$$
and any combination of partial branching ratios.
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TL;DR: In this paper, an upper bound of 0.0025% and 0.031% for the cross-section of the charged Higgs boson times the branching fraction in the range 4.2-4.5 pb was established for the mass range 90-160 GeV.
Abstract: Charged Higgs bosons produced either in top-quark decays or in association with a top-quark, subsequently decaying via H$^{±}$ → τ$^{±}$ν$_{τ}$, are searched for in 36.1 fb$^{−1}$ of proton-proton collision data at $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector. Depending on whether the top-quark produced together with H$^{±}$ decays hadronically or leptonically, the search targets τ+jets and τ+lepton final states, in both cases with a hadronically decaying τ-lepton. No evidence of a charged Higgs boson is found. For the mass range of $ {m}_{H^{\pm }} $ = 90–2000 GeV, upper limits at the 95% confidence level are set on the production cross-section of the charged Higgs boson times the branching fraction $ \mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({H}^{\pm}\to {\tau}^{\pm }{
u}_{\tau}\right) $ in the range 4.2–0.0025 pb. In the mass range 90–160 GeV, assuming the Standard Model cross-section for $ t\overline{t} $ production, this corresponds to upper limits between 0.25% and 0.031% for the branching fraction $ \mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left(t\to b{H}^{\pm}\right)\times \mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({H}^{\pm}\to {\tau}^{\pm }{
u}_{\tau}\right) $ .
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TL;DR: A search for supersymmetric partners of quarks and gluons in final states containing hadronic jets and missing transverse momentum, but no electrons or muons, is presented in this article.
Abstract: A search for the supersymmetric partners of quarks and gluons (squarks and gluinos) in final states containing hadronic jets and missing transverse momentum, but no electrons or muons, is presented ...
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a search for direct electroweak gaugino or gluino pair production with a chargino nearly mass-degenerate with a stable neutralino.
Abstract: This paper presents a search for direct electroweak gaugino or gluino pair production with a chargino nearly mass-degenerate with a stable neutralino. It is based on an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb$^{−1}$ of pp collisions at $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. The final state of interest is a disappearing track accompanied by at least one jet with high transverse momentum from initial-state radiation or by four jets from the gluino decay chain. The use of short track segments reconstructed from the innermost tracking layers significantly improves the sensitivity to short chargino lifetimes. The results are found to be consistent with Standard Model predictions. Exclusion limits are set at 95% confidence level on the mass of charginos and gluinos for different chargino lifetimes. For a pure wino with a lifetime of about 0.2 ns, chargino masses up to 460 GeV are excluded. For the strong production channel, gluino masses up to 1.65 TeV are excluded assuming a chargino mass of 460 GeV and lifetime of 0.2 ns.
23 Nov 2018
TL;DR: The second volume of the CEPC Conceptual Design Report (CDR) as discussed by the authors describes the physics case for the proposed CEPC, describes conceptual designs of possible detectors and their technological options, highlights the expected detector and physics performance, and discusses future plans for detector R&D and physics investigations.
Abstract: The Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) is a large international scientific facility proposed by the Chinese particle physics community to explore the Higgs boson and provide critical tests of the underlying fundamental physics principles of the Standard Model that might reveal new physics. The CEPC, to be hosted in China in a circular underground tunnel of approximately 100 km in circumference, is designed to operate as a Higgs factory producing electron-positron collisions with a center-of-mass energy of 240 GeV. The collider will also operate at around 91.2 GeV, as a Z factory, and at the WW production threshold (around 160 GeV). The CEPC will produce close to one trillion Z bosons, 100 million W bosons and over one million Higgs bosons. The vast amount of bottom quarks, charm quarks and tau-leptons produced in the decays of the Z bosons also makes the CEPC an effective B-factory and tau-charm factory. The CEPC will have two interaction points where two large detectors will be located. This document is the second volume of the CEPC Conceptual Design Report (CDR). It presents the physics case for the CEPC, describes conceptual designs of possible detectors and their technological options, highlights the expected detector and physics performance, and discusses future plans for detector R&D and physics investigations. The final CEPC detectors will be proposed and built by international collaborations but they are likely to be composed of the detector technologies included in the conceptual designs described in this document. A separate volume, Volume I, recently released, describes the design of the CEPC accelerator complex, its associated civil engineering, and strategic alternative scenarios.
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TL;DR: In this article, a search for an invisibly decaying Higgs boson or dark matter candidates produced in association with a leptonically decaying Z boson in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV is presented.
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TL;DR: In this article, a search for the standard model Higgs boson produced in association with a top-quark pair, t(t)overbarH, is presented using 36.1 fb(-1) of pp collision data at root s = 13 TeV collecte...
Abstract: A search for the standard model Higgs boson produced in association with a top-quark pair, t(t)overbarH, is presented. The analysis uses 36.1 fb(-1) of pp collision data at root s = 13 TeV collecte ...
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TL;DR: In this paper, an angular analysis of the decay B-d(0) -> K*mu(+)mu(-) is presented, based on proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC.
Abstract: An angular analysis of the decay B-d(0) -> K*mu(+)mu(-) is presented, based on proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. The study is using 20.3 fb(-1) of integra ...
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TL;DR: In this article, a search for a heavy neutral Higgs boson decaying into a Z boson and another heavy Higgs Boson, H, was performed using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb(-1) from...
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TL;DR: In this paper, a search for heavy resonances decaying into a pair of bosons leading to the final states, where $$\ell $$¯¯ stands for either an electron or a muon, is presented.
Abstract: A search for heavy resonances decaying into a pair of $$Z$$
bosons leading to $$\ell ^+\ell ^-\ell ^+\ell ^-$$
and $$\ell ^+\ell ^-
u \bar{
u }$$
final states, where $$\ell $$
stands for either an electron or a muon, is presented. The search uses proton–proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13
$$\text {TeV}$$
corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1
$$\hbox {fb}^{-1}$$
collected with the ATLAS detector during 2015 and 2016 at the Large Hadron Collider. Different mass ranges for the hypothetical resonances are considered, depending on the final state and model. The different ranges span between 200 and 2000
$$\text {GeV}$$
. The results are interpreted as upper limits on the production cross section of a spin-0 or spin-2 resonance. The upper limits for the spin-0 resonance are translated to exclusion contours in the context of Type-I and Type-II two-Higgs-doublet models, while those for the spin-2 resonance are used to constrain the Randall–Sundrum model with an extra dimension giving rise to spin-2 graviton excitations.
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TL;DR: A search for new heavy particles that decay into top-quark pairs is performed using data collected from proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 $$\text {TeV}$$TeV by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider.
Abstract: A search for new heavy particles that decay into top-quark pairs is performed using data collected from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the La ...
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TL;DR: In this article, a search for neutral heavy resonances was performed in the WW -> e nu mu nu decay channel using collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb(-1).
Abstract: A search for neutral heavy resonances is performed in the WW -> e nu mu nu decay channel using pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb(-1), collected at a centre-o ...
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TL;DR: Searches for new heavy resonances decaying into different pairings of W, Z, or Higgs bosons, as well as dirffiffiffiffiectly into leptons, are presented using a data sample corresponding to 36.1 fb(-1...
Abstract: Searches for new heavy resonances decaying into different pairings of W, Z, or Higgs bosons, as well as dirffiffiffiectly into leptons, are presented using a data sample corresponding to 36.1 fb(-1 ...
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors search for heavy resonances decaying into ZZ or ZW using data from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of root s - 13 TeV.
Abstract: This paper reports searches for heavy resonances decaying into ZZ or ZW using data from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of root s - 13 TeV. The data, corresponding to an integra ...
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TL;DR: In this article, a search for electroweak production of supersymmetric particles using recursive jigsaw reconstruction was performed in two-and three-lepton final states using a technique that assigns reconstructed objects to the most probable hemispheres of the decay trees.
Abstract: A search for electroweak production of supersymmetric particles is performed in two-lepton and three-lepton final states using recursive jigsaw reconstruction, a technique that assigns reconstructed objects to the most probable hemispheres of the decay trees, allowing one to construct tailored kinematic variables to separate the signal and background. The search uses data collected in 2015 and 2016 by the ATLAS experiment in s=13 TeV proton-proton collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb-1. Chargino-neutralino pair production, with decays via W/Z bosons, is studied in final states involving leptons and jets and missing transverse momentum for scenarios with large and intermediate mass splittings between the parent particle and lightest supersymmetric particle, as well as for the scenario where this mass splitting is close to the mass of the Z boson. The latter case is challenging since the vector bosons are produced with kinematic properties that are similar to those in Standard Model processes. Results are found to be compatible with the Standard Model expectations in the signal regions targeting large and intermediate mass splittings, and chargino-neutralino masses up to 600 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level for a massless lightest supersymmetric particle. Excesses of data above the expected background are found in the signal regions targeting low mass splittings, and the largest local excess amounts to 3.0 standard deviations. © 2018 CERN, for the ATLAS Collaboration. Published by the American Physical Society.
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TL;DR: In this article, the coupling properties of the Higgs boson were studied in the four-lepton (e, μ) decay channel using 36.1 fb−1 collision data from the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector.
Abstract: The coupling properties of the Higgs boson are studied in the four-lepton (e, μ) decay channel using 36.1 fb−1 of pp collision data from the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector. Cross sections are measured for the main production modes in several exclusive regions of the Higgs boson production phase space and are interpreted in terms of coupling modifiers. The inclusive cross section times branching ratio for H → ZZ∗ decay and for a Higgs boson absolute rapidity below 2.5 is measured to be 1. 73 − 0.23 + 0.24 (stat.) − 0.08 + 0.10 (exp.) ± 0.04(th.) pb compared to the Standard Model prediction of 1.34±0.09 pb. In addition, the tensor structure of the Higgs boson couplings is studied using an effective Lagrangian approach for the description of interactions beyond the Standard Model. Constraints are placed on the non-Standard-Model CP-even and CP-odd couplings to Z bosons and on the CP-odd coupling to gluons.
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TL;DR: In this article, a search for pair production of up-type vector-like quarks with a significant branching ratio into a top quark and either a Standard Model Higgs boson or a Z boson is presented.
Abstract: A search for pair production of up-type vector-like quarks (T) with a significant branching ratio into a top quark and either a Standard Model Higgs boson or a Z boson is presented. The same analys ...
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TL;DR: In this article, the results of a search for the direct pair production of top quarks, the supersymmetric partner of the top quark, in final states with one isolated electron or muon, several energetic jets, and missing transverse momentum are reported.
Abstract: The results of a search for the direct pair production of top squarks, the supersymmetric partner of the top quark, in final states with one isolated electron or muon, several energetic jets, and missing transverse momentum are reported. The analysis also targets spin-0 mediator models, where the mediator decays into a pair of dark-matter particles and is produced in association with a pair of top quarks. The search uses data from proton-proton collisions delivered by the Large Hadron Collider in 2015 and 2016 at a centre-of-mass energy of $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 fb$^{−1}$. A wide range of signal scenarios with different mass-splittings between the top squark, the lightest neutralino and possible intermediate supersymmetric particles are considered, including cases where the W bosons or the top quarks produced in the decay chain are off-shell. No significant excess over the Standard Model prediction is observed. The null results are used to set exclusion limits at 95% confidence level in several supersymmetry benchmark models. For pair-produced top-squarks decaying into top quarks, top-squark masses up to 940 GeV are excluded. Stringent exclusion limits are also derived for all other considered top-squark decay scenarios. For the spin-0 mediator models, upper limits are set on the visible cross-section.
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TL;DR: In this article, the efficiency of detecting b-hadrons was measured using a high purity sample of dileptonic top quark-antiquark pairs selected from the 36.1 fb$^{−1}$ of data collected by the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016 from proton-proton collisions produced by the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 $ TeV.
Abstract: The efficiency to identify jets containing b-hadrons (b-jets) is measured using a high purity sample of dileptonic top quark-antiquark pairs ( $ t\overline{t} $ ) selected from the 36.1 fb$^{−1}$ of data collected by the ATLAS detector in 2015 and 2016 from proton-proton collisions produced by the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV. Two methods are used to extract the efficiency from $ t\overline{t} $ events, a combinatorial likelihood approach and a tag-and-probe method. A boosted decision tree, not using b-tagging information, is used to select events in which two b-jets are present, which reduces the dominant uncertainty in the modelling of the flavour of the jets. The efficiency is extracted for jets in a transverse momentum range from 20 to 300 GeV, with data-to-simulation scale factors calculated by comparing the efficiency measured using collision data to that predicted by the simulation. The two methods give compatible results, and achieve a similar level of precision, measuring data-to-simulation scale factors close to unity with uncertainties ranging from 2% to 12% depending on the jet transverse momentum.