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Paul M. Dewick

Bio: Paul M. Dewick is an academic researcher from University of Nottingham. The author has contributed to research in topics: Pterocarpan & Podophyllum. The author has an hindex of 32, co-authored 86 publications receiving 5538 citations. Previous affiliations of Paul M. Dewick include University of Reading & University of Münster.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an approach for the construction of blocks and constructions of machinery for primary and secondary metabolic systems based on the properties of the building blocks and the construction mechanism.
Abstract: 1. ABOUT THIS BOOK, AND HOW TO USE IT. The Subject. The Aim. The Approach. The Topics. The Figures. Further Reading. What to Study. What to Learn. Nomenclature. Conventions Regarding Acids, Bases, and Ions. Some Common Abbreviations. Further Reading. 2. SECONDARY METABOLISM: THE BUILDING BLOCKS AND CONSTRUCTION MECHANISMS. Primary and Secondary Metabolism. The Building Blocks. The Construction Mechanisms. Alkylation Reactions: Nucleophilic Substitution. Dehydrogenases. Oxidases. Monooxygenases. Dioxygenases. Amine Oxidases. Baeyer-Villiger Monooxygenases. Some Vitamins Associated with the Construction Mechanisms. Elucidating Biosynthetic Pathways. Further Reading. 3. THE ACETATE PATHWAY: FATTY ACIDS AND POLYKETIDES. Fatty Acid Synthase: Saturated Fatty Acids. Unsaturated Fatty Acids. Uncommon Fatty Acids. Prostaglandins. Thromboxanes. Leukotrienes. Polyketide Synthases: Generalities. Polyketide Synthases: Macrolides. Macrolide Antibiotics, Erythromycins, Oleandomycin and Spiramycin, Tylosin, Avermectins, Polyene Antifungals, Tacrolimus and Sirolimus, Rifamycins. Polyketide Synthases: Linear Polyketides and Polyethers. Diels-Alder Cyclizations. Polyketide Synthases: Aromatics. Senna, Hypericum / St John?s Wort, Mycophenolic acid, Khellin and Cromoglicate, Griseofulvin. Poison Ivy and Poison Oak, Cannabis, Aflatoxins, Tetracyclines, Anthracycline Antibiotics. Further Reading. 4. THE SHIKIMATE PATHWAY: AROMATIC AMINO ACIDS AND PHENYLPROPANOIDS. Aromatic Amino Acids and Simple Benzoic Acids. Phenylpropanoids. Cinnamic Acids and Esters. Lignans and Lignin. Phenylpropenes. Benzoic Acids from C6C3 Compounds. Coumarins. Aromatic Polyketides. Styrylpyrones, Diarylheptanoids. Flavonoids and Stilbenes. Flavonolignans. Isoflavonoids. Terpenoid Quinones. Further Reading. 5. THE MEVALONATE AND METHYLERYTHRITOL PHOSPHATE PATHWAYS: TERPENOIDS AND STEROIDS. Mevalonic Acid and Methylerythritol Phosphate. Hemiterpenes. Monoterpenes. Irregular Monoterpenes. Iridoids. Sesquiterpenes. Artemisinin, Gossypol, Trichothecenes. Diterpenes. Sesterterpenes. Triterpenes. Steroids. Stereochemistry and Nomenclature. Cholesterol. Phytosterols. Vitamin D. Steroidal Saponins. Cardioactive Glycosides. Bile Acids. Adrenocortical Hormones/Corticosteroids. Semi-Synthesis of Corticosteroids. Progestogens. Oestrogens. Androgens. Tetraterpenes. Higher Terpenoids. Further Reading. 6. ALKALOIDS. Alkaloids Derived from Ornithine. Alkaloids Derived from Lysine. Alkaloids Derived from Nicotinic Acid. Alkaloids Derived from Tyrosine. Phenylethylamines and Simple Tetrahydroisoquinoline Alkaloids. Modified Benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline Alkaloids. Phenethylisoquinoline Alkaloids. Terpenoid Tetrahydroisoquinoline Alkaloids. Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids. Alkaloids Derived from Tryptophan. Simple Indole Alkaloids. Simple - Carboline Alkaloids. Terpenoid Indole Alkaloids. Quinoline Alkaloids. Pyrroloindole Alkaloids. Ergot Alkaloids. Alkaloids Derived from Anthranilic Acid. Alkaloids Derived From Histidine. Alkaloids Derived by Amination Reactions. Acetate-Derived Alkaloids. Phenylalanine-Derived Alkaloids. Terpenoid Alkaloids. Steroidal Alkaloids. Purine Alkaloids. Further Reading. 7. PEPTIDES, PROTEINS, AND OTHER AMINO ACID DERIVATIVES. Peptides and Proteins. Ribosomal Peptide Biosynthesis. Peptide Hormones. Thyroid Hormones. Hypothalamic Hormones. Hormone, Growth Hormone-releasing Hormone/Factor, Somatostatin. Anterior Pituitory Hormones. Posterior Pituitory Hormones. Pancreatic Hormones. Interferons. Opioid Peptides. Ribosomal Peptide Toxins. Death Cap (Amanita phalloides), Ricin, Botulinum Toxin, Conotoxins, Snake Venoms, Gila Monster Venom. Enzymes. Nonribosomal Peptide Biosynthesis. Bacitracins, Capreomycin, Polymyxins, Daptomycin, Cyclosporins, Vancomycin and Teicoplanin, Bleomycin, Streptogramins, Dactinomycin, Cycloserine. Modified Peptides: Penicillins, Cephalosporins and Other ?-Lactams. Cyanogenic Glycosides. Glucosinolates. Cysteine Sulphoxides. Further Reading. 8. CARBOHYDRATES. Monosaccharides. Oligosaccharides. Polysaccharides. Aminosugars and Aminoglycosides. Aminoglycoside Antibiotics, Streptamine-containing Antibiotics, 2-Deoxystreptamine-containing Antibiotics, Acarbose, Lincomycin and Clindamycin. Further Reading. Index.

1,583 citations

Book
01 Jan 1997
TL;DR: This book discusses primary and Secondary Metabolism, primary and secondary metabolism of Acids, Bases, and Ions, and some Vitamins Associated with the Construction Mechanisms.
Abstract: About this book and how to use it Secondary metabolism: The building blocks and construction mechanisms The acetate pathway: Fatty acids and polyketides The shikimate pathway: Aromatic amino acids and phenylpropanoids The mevalonate and deoxyxylulose phosphate pathways: Terpenoids and Steroids: Alkaloids Peptides, proteins and other amino acid derivatives Carbohydrates Index

1,156 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review covers recently-published experimental information on the biosynthesis of terpenoids in the range C5–C25 and considers in turn hemiterpenoids, polyprenyl diphosphate synthases, monoterpenoid, sesquiter penoids, diterPenoids, and sesterterpenoids.

313 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The 1 H NOE difference spectra recorded for phillygenin and epipinoresinol necessitate the reversal of earlier chemical shift assignments for axial and equatorial protons on C-9 of furofuran lignans having one axialand one equatorial aryl group (the epi series).

162 citations

01 Jan 2009
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a Boook and how to use it for Secondary Metabolism: The Building Blocks and Construction Mechanisms, and How to Use it, and Abaout this Boook.
Abstract: 1. Abaout this Boook, and How to Use it 2. Secondary Metabolism: The Building Blocks and Construction Mechanisms 3. The acetate Pathway: Fatty Acids and Polyketides 4. The Shikimate Pathway: Aromatic Amino Acids and Phenylpropanoids 5. The mevalonate and Methylerythritol Phosphate Pathways: terpenoids and Stereoids

157 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Current trends of research and development activities on flavonoid relate to isolation, identification, characterisation and functions of flavonoids and finally their applications on health benefits and future research directions are discussed.
Abstract: Flavonoids, a group of natural substances with variable phenolic structures, are found in fruits, vegetables, grains, bark, roots, stems, flowers, tea and wine. These natural products are well known for their beneficial effects on health and efforts are being made to isolate the ingredients so called flavonoids. Flavonoids are now considered as an indispensable component in a variety of nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, medicinal and cosmetic applications. This is attributed to their anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic and anti-carcinogenic properties coupled with their capacity to modulate key cellular enzyme function. Research on flavonoids received an added impulse with the discovery of the low cardiovascular mortality rate and also prevention of CHD. Information on the working mechanisms of flavonoids is still not understood properly. However, it has widely been known for centuries that derivatives of plant origin possess a broad spectrum of biological activity. Current trends of research and development activities on flavonoids relate to isolation, identification, characterisation and functions of flavonoids and finally their applications on health benefits. Molecular docking and knowledge of bioinformatics are also being used to predict potential applications and manufacturing by industry. In the present review, attempts have been made to discuss the current trends of research and development on flavonoids, working mechanisms of flavonoids, flavonoid functions and applications, prediction of flavonoids as potential drugs in preventing chronic diseases and future research directions.

2,879 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: While the intrinsic complexity of natural product-based drug discovery necessitates highly integrated interdisciplinary approaches, the reviewed scientific developments, recent technological advances, and research trends clearly indicate that natural products will be among the most important sources of new drugs in the future.

1,760 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Several compounds from tropical rainforest plant species with potential anticancer activity have been identified and several compounds, mainly from edible plant species or plants used as dietary supplements, that may act as chemopreventive agents are isolated.

1,591 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of historically significant bioactive marine and terrestrial natural products, their use in folklore and dereplication techniques to rapidly facilitate their discovery, and a discussion of how natural product chemistry has resulted in the identification of many drug candidates are highlighted.
Abstract: Historically, natural products have been used since ancient times and in folklore for the treatment of many diseases and illnesses. Classical natural product chemistry methodologies enabled a vast array of bioactive secondary metabolites from terrestrial and marine sources to be discovered. Many of these natural products have gone on to become current drug candidates. This brief review aims to highlight historically significant bioactive marine and terrestrial natural products, their use in folklore and dereplication techniques to rapidly facilitate their discovery. Furthermore a discussion of how natural product chemistry has resulted in the identification of many drug candidates; the application of advanced hyphenated spectroscopic techniques to aid in their discovery, the future of natural product chemistry and finally adopting metabolomic profiling and dereplication approaches for the comprehensive study of natural product extracts will be discussed.

1,282 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 1999
TL;DR: The shikimate pathway links metabolism of carbohydrates to biosynthesis of aromatic compounds, the precursor of the aromatic amino acids and many aromatic secondary metabolites, and is the sole target for the herbicide glyphosate.
Abstract: The shikimate pathway links metabolism of carbohydrates to biosynthesis of aromatic compounds. In a sequence of seven metabolic steps, phosphoenolpyruvate and erythrose 4-phosphate are converted to chorismate, the precursor of the aromatic amino acids and many aromatic secondary metabolites. All pathway intermediates can also be considered branch point compounds that may serve as substrates for other metabolic pathways. The shikimate pathway is found only in microorganisms and plants, never in animals. All enzymes of this pathway have been obtained in pure form from prokaryotic and eukaryotic sources and their respective DNAs have been characterized from several organisms. The cDNAs of higher plants encode proteins with amino terminal signal sequences for plastid import, suggesting that plastids are the exclusive locale for chorismate biosynthesis. In microorganisms, the shikimate pathway is regulated by feedback inhibition and by repression of the first enzyme. In higher plants, no physiological feedback inhibitor has been identified, suggesting that pathway regulation may occur exclusively at the genetic level. This difference between microorganisms and plants is reflected in the unusually large variation in the primary structures of the respective first enzymes. Several of the pathway enzymes occur in isoenzymic forms whose expression varies with changing environmental conditions and, within the plant, from organ to organ. The penultimate enzyme of the pathway is the sole target for the herbicide glyphosate. Glyphosate-tolerant transgenic plants are at the core of novel weed control systems for several crop plants.

1,193 citations