Showing papers by "Paul Morris published in 2008"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report evidence from two studies investigating claims of primary and secondary emotions in non-primate species, including dogs and horses, and claim that such reports provide evidence for the existence of secondary emotions.
Abstract: A defining characteristic of primary emotions is that they occur in wide variety of species. Secondary emotions are thought to be restricted to humans and other primates. We report evidence from two studies investigating claims of primary and secondary emotions in non-primate species. Study 1. We surveyed 907 owners about emotions that they had observed in their animal. Participants reported primary emotions more frequently than secondary emotions and self-conscious emotions more frequently than self-conscious evaluative emotions. Jealousy was reported at very high levels (81% of dogs and 79% of horses), which was surprising as jealousy is generally defined as a secondary emotion. Study 2. Forty dog owners were interviewed about the contexts and behaviours that led them to claim their animal was jealous. There was coherence and consistency in the behavioural descriptions of jealousy. We claim that such reports provide evidence for the existence of secondary emotions in non-primate species as predicted by theorists such as Buck (1999).
138 citations
TL;DR: The life sentence population is growing older and increasing in number, and despite the potential negative physical and social environment in prisons little is known about the prevalence or aetiology of depression in elderly ‘lifers’.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The life sentence population is growing older and increasing in number. Despite the potential negative physical and social environment in prisons little is known about the prevalence or aetiology of depression in elderly 'lifers'. AIMS: To determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of depression in elderly life sentence prisoners. METHOD: One hundred and twenty-one elderly life/indeterminate sentence prisoners from two category B prisons in the United Kingdom were interviewed using the Geriatric Depression Scale and the relationship with prison and non prison specific variables analysed. RESULTS: Over half of the prisoners scored above the threshold for mild depression. The length of sentence served and other prison related variables were not associated with the depression score. However, the imported chronic physical ill health was strongly related to depression score. CONCLUSIONS: Depression in long term prisoners is common and is related to the burden of imported chronic ill health as opposed to specific effects of imprisonment
52 citations
TL;DR: The hypothesis that human EEG alpha (8-12 Hz) may also be a natural analogue to animal hippocampal theta is tested and widespread high alpha coherence increase during response execution, inhibition and preparation is demonstrated.
24 citations
01 Jan 2008
TL;DR: Putative regulatory elements and putative coacting regulatory element clusters (transcription factor binding modules) for the ABC transporter family and the sulfate assimilation pathway are discovered.
Abstract: This manuscript reports on the results of applying bioinformatics methods to analyze sets of related promoter sequences of the oomycete genomes P.sojae, P.ramorum and P.infestans. The authors have discovered putative regulatory elements (transcription factor binding sites) and putative coacting regulatory element clusters (transcription factor binding modules) for the ABC transporter family and the sulfate assimilation pathway.
6 citations