Pauli Rintala

Bio: Pauli Rintala is an academic researcher from University of Jyväskylä. The author has contributed to research in topics: Physical fitness & Population. The author has an hindex of 20, co-authored 60 publications receiving 1243 citations. Previous affiliations of Pauli Rintala include Syracuse University & Health Science University.

Prediction of maximal heart rate in individuals with mental retardation.

Abstract: Purpose: It is well known that individuals with mental retardation (MR), especially those with Down syndrome (DS), have low maximal heart rates (MHR). We evaluated the ability to predict MHR in individuals with MR and DS in comparison with persons without MR. Methods: Subjects completed a maximal exercise test on the treadmill with metabolic and HR measurements, Stepwise multiple regression was used to develop prediction equations for subjects with MR (N = 276; 97 with DS) and without (N = 296) MR, ranging in age from 9-46 yr. Results: Subjects with MR exhibited significantly lower MHR (177 vs 185 beats.min - 1 ) and VO 2peak (33.8 vs 35.6 mL.kg -1 .min -1 ). In subjects with MR, age was a poor predictor of MHR, Y = 189 - 0.59 (age) (R = 0.30, SEE = 13.8 beats.min - 1 ; P < 0.01), but age was a better predictor for subjects without MR, Y = 205 - 0.64 (age) (R = 0.52, SEE = 9.9 beats.min -1 ; P < 0.01). A large sample Z test indicated that these regression coefficients were significantly different (P < 0.01). However, adding DS to the regression improved the prediction for subjects with MR, Y = 210 (0.56 age) (15.5 DS) (R = 0.57; SEE = 11.8 beats.min 1 , P < 0.01). Conclusion: MHR can be predicted with similar accuracy in subjects with and without MR, provided DS is accounted for in the equation for the subjects with MR.

Physical Performance of Individuals with Intellectual Disability: A 30-Year Follow-Up

Abstract: Physical performance of Finnish adolescents (33 females, 44 males) with moderate intellectual disability (ID) was studied over a 30 year period. This study is an extension of Lahtinen's previous work on documenting the performance of individuals with intellectual disabilities over time. This study consisted of analyzing data from a total of four data collection periods (1973, 1979, 1996 and 2003 in which participants ranged in age from 11-16, 17-22, 34-39 and 41-46 years old, respectively. Improvement from early to late adolescence, and decline during adulthood in abdominal strength/endurance, static balance, and manual dexterity were identified. The male adults with ID were moderately overweight (BMI), but the females with ID were obese. The IQ effect was significant on balance and manual dexterity. The gender differences in adulthood were significant, but differences were not noted for DS when controlling for IQ.

Physical fitness profile of elite athletes with intellectual disability

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the physical fitness profile of high-performance athletes with intellectual disability (ID) in comparison with able-bodied individuals. Methods: Participants were 231 male and 82 female athletes. All evaluations were done using the EUROFIT physical fitness test. Results: In comparison with population data, both male and female athletes with ID score better for flexibility and upper body muscle endurance, but have similar or lower values for running speed, speed of limb movement, and strength measures. Compared with agematched physical education students, male athletes with ID score better for running speed and flexibility, and worse for strength. Female athletes with ID score not different from able-bodied individuals for flexibility, running speed, and upper body muscle endurance, but worse for strength measures. Athletes with ID also have poorer cardio respiratory endurance capacity compared with sportive peers without ID. Furthermore, male athletes have a more differentiated profile depending upon their sports discipline, compared with female athletes. Conclusion: It can be concluded that high-performance athletes with ID reach physical fitness levels that are equal to or lower than those of ablebodied sportive counterparts. Further research should investigate the importance of reduced muscle strength to be the limiting factor.

Physical Fitness and Physical Activity in Adolescents With Asperger Syndrome: A Comparative Study

Abstract: While physical activity is beneficial for youth with developmental disabilities, little is known about those individuals' fitness profile and levels of activity. Therefore the purpose of this study was to investigate the physical fitness profile and physical activity level of 30 adolescents with and without Asperger syndrome (AS). Evaluations were done using the Eurofit physical fitness test and the Baecke Habitual Physical Activity questionnaire. A 2 x 2 MANOVA indicated that adolescents with AS scored significantly lower than the comparison group on all physical fitness subtests, including balance, coordination, flexibility, muscular strength, running speed, and cardio-respiratory endurance (p < .001). Adolescents with AS were also less physically active (p < .001). Engagement in physical activities is therefore recommended.

Using Multivariate Statistics

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Standards for educational and psychological testing

Abstract: Pedagosko i psiholosko testiranje i procjenjivanje spadaju među najvažnije doprinose znanosti o ponasanju nasem drustvu i pružaju temeljna i znacajna poboljsanja u odnosu na ranije postupke. Iako se ne može ustvrditi da su svi testovi dovoljno usavrseni niti da su sva testiranja razborita i korisna, postoji velika kolicina informacija koje ukazuju na ucinkovitost kvalitetnih instrumenata u onim situacijama u kojima je njihovo koristenje potkrijepljeno validacijskim podacima. Pravilna upotreba testova može dovesti do boljih odluka o pojedincima i programima nego sto bi to bio slucaj bez njihovog koristenja, a također i ukazati na put za siri i pravedniji pristup obrazovanju i zaposljavanju. Međutim, losa upotreba testova može dovesti do zamjetne stete nanesene ispitanicima i drugim sudionicima u procesu donosenja odluka na temelju testovnih podataka. Cilj Standarda je promoviranje kvalitetne i eticne upotrebe testova te uspostavljanje osnovice za ocjenu kvalitete postupaka testiranja. Svrha objavljivanja Standarda je uspostavljanje kriterija za evaluaciju testova, provedbe testiranja i posljedica upotrebe testova. Iako bi evaluacija prikladnosti testa ili njegove primjene trebala ovisiti prvenstveno o strucnim misljenjima, Standardi pružaju okvir koji osigurava obuhvacanje svih relevantnih pitanja. Bilo bi poželjno da svi autori, sponzori, nakladnici i korisnici profesionalnih testova usvoje Standarde te da poticu druge da ih također prihvate.