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Paulina Kurzyk

Bio: Paulina Kurzyk is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Business & Transport engineering. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 8 publications receiving 2 citations.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors analyzed the effectiveness of self-evacuation activities of population by private vehicle transport from flood hazard areas, aimed at minimising the negative effects of flooding.
Abstract: This paper analyses the effectiveness of self-evacuation activities of population by private vehicle transport from flood hazard areas, aimed at minimising the negative effects of flooding.. The paper relies on a four-step traffic model which is based, inter alia, on the results of questionnaire studies. Moreover, the model takes into account the entirety of national traffic, which allows the methodological problems related to the border effect to be overcome. As shown in the study, the shortest or the fastest routes achievable in the pre-flood period are not always most optimal when the flood has already occurred. In such a case, evacuation planning will increase the efficiency of the process. Thus, inadequate designation of evacuation routes may adversely affect the process of relocating people to places of safety. Therefore, it is important to create plans that provide information on evacuation zones, routes and destinations.

9 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
25 Jun 2021-Energies
TL;DR: It was established that—for the researched part of the transport system—privileging the still rather uncommon battery electric vehicles (BEVs) engendered a marginal deterioration of traffic conditions and allowing BEVs to use bus lanes within the chosen research area had no negative impact on bus journey times.
Abstract: The main purpose of this article was to determine the impact on the equilibrium of the local transport system from privileging EVs by permitting them to use bus lanes. The study used two sets of data: information on infrastructure and traffic management; and information on the recorded road network loads and traffic volumes generated by a given shopping centre—the E. Leclerc shopping centre (an important traffic generator within the city of Łodź, Poland). These sets were then used to develop a microsimulation traffic model for the shopping centre and the associated effects on the localised transport system. The model was constructed by means of the PTV Vissim software tool. An initial simulation was conducted that formed a basis for subsequent scenarios (in total, 17 simulations were performed). On the basis of the conducted analyses, it was established that—for the researched part of the transport system—privileging the still rather uncommon battery electric vehicles (BEVs) engendered a marginal deterioration of traffic conditions. At the same time, allowing BEVs to use bus lanes within the chosen research area had no negative impact on bus journey times.

5 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed changes in transport behavior of users of the public bike-share (PBS) scheme in a large Polish city, Łodź, by tracking GPS signals for individual trips taken by PBS users.
Abstract: The main purpose of the paper is to determine changes in transport behaviour of users of the public bike-share (PBS) scheme in a large Polish city, Łodź. By tracking GPS signals for individual trips taken by PBS users, it was possible to analyse their changeability (time and spatial) for periods before the implementation of statutory Sunday retail restrictions (2017) and after their partial introduction (2018). The study also took into account weather conditions, namely maximum and minimum daily temperatures and daily totals of precipitation recorded by a weather station in Łodź. In order to determine the correlations between certain weather conditions and PBS trips, the authors applied regression analysis. The results of the study showed that weekend cycling is less susceptible to the impact of weather than cycling on weekdays. At the same time, a comparative analysis of trading and non-trading Sundays proved that, during Sundays with retail restrictions, public bikes were used for longer, farther, and slower trips. These observations were confirmed by analyses of maps of traffic structure.

4 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the emission of PM2.5 generated by passenger cars is investigated, and the model is implemented on the central part of the city of Lodz.
Abstract: In this paper, the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the emission of PM2.5 generated by passenger cars is investigated. First, traffic data collected from the inductive loop sensors is analyzed. Second, the traffic flow for the whole network system is estimated using an isometric transformed network and the Euclidean space, and the representative one is selected. Then, an emission model is presented for measuring the level of PM2.5 emissions by the passenger cars, and the integration process is given. Finally, the model is implemented on the central part of the city of Lodz, and the value of emissions before and after the COVID-19 pandemic is measured. Finally, the outputs and the process of the model calibration are depicted. Results show that before the pandemic, PM2.5 pollution was highly concentrated in the center and peripheral parts of the area under consideration, and it would gradually drop outside rush hours and grow at peak hours. After the lockdown, the pollution load throughout the whole area, and across its central parts in particular, decreased dramatically. Outputs also illustrate that restrictions not only lower the car-induced PM2.5 but also have a significant effect on the impact zones, areas affected by the pollutants. Another finding is that although the COVID-19 outbreak clearly poses a serious threat to life and health, it has had an exceptionally positive impact on the natural environment, becoming an unconventional mechanism for its restoration.

2 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors evaluate the temporal and spatial variability of the use of city public transport resulting from statutory Sunday trading restrictions and the COVID-19 pandemic as exemplified by Łódź, a big city in central Poland.
Abstract: The paper evaluates the temporal and spatial variability of the use of city public transport resulting from statutory Sunday trading restrictions and the COVID-19 pandemic as exemplified by Łódź, a big city in central Poland. Data on the number of tickets validated in urban public transport vehicles is provided in three forms. The first one presents the number of validations in all vehicles in an hourly distribution, the second one shows the number of validations according to individual tram and bus lines, while the third one gives information on the number of validated tickets assigned to a tram/bus stop within the range of which the validation was made. The outcomes from the conducted research show an increased fluctuation in public transport load on Sundays depending on whether it was possible to conduct all types of commercial activity. This variability is observed to a much lesser extent in the presence of other mobility constraints (the pandemic situation). A spatial shift in mobility towards the periphery and inter-district connections is also observed, which may indicate changes in travel destinations.

1 citations


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: These results prove that the ANN is effective in monthly PM2.5 concentration predicting due to the fact that it can identify nonlinear relationships between the input and output variables.
Abstract: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) affects climate change and human health. Therefore, the prediction of PM2.5 level is particularly important for regulatory planning. The main objective of the study is to predict PM2.5 concentration employing an artificial neural network (ANN). The annual change in PM2.5 in Liaocheng from 2014 to 2021 shows a gradual decreasing trend. The air quality in Liaocheng during lockdown and after lockdown periods in 2020 was obviously improved compared with the same periods of 2019. The ANN employed in the study contains a hidden layer with 6 neurons, an input layer with 11 parameters, and an output layer. First, the ANN is used with 80% of data for training, then with 10% of data for verification. The value of correlation coefficient (R) for the training and validation data is 0.9472 and 0.9834, respectively. In the forecast period, it is demonstrated that the ANN model with Bayesian regularization (BR) algorithm (trainbr) obtained the best forecasting performance in terms of R (0.9570), mean absolute error (4.6 μg/m3), and root mean square error (6.6 μg/m3), respectively. The ANN model has produced accurate results. These results prove that the ANN is effective in monthly PM2.5 concentration predicting due to the fact that it can identify nonlinear relationships between the input and output variables.

9 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
24 Nov 2021-Energies
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors tried to estimate how long combustion vehicles would be in use and what the state of the fleet will be in 2050, using the TR3E partial equilibrium model.
Abstract: Transformation of road transport sector through replacing of internal combustion vehicles with zero-emission technologies is among key challenges to achievement of climate neutrality by 2050. In a constantly developing economy, the demand for transport services increases to ensure continuity in the supply chain and passenger mobility. Deployment of electric technologies in the road transport sector involves both businesses and households, its pace depends on the technological development of zero-emission vehicles, presence of necessary infrastructure and regulations on emission standards for new vehicles entering the market. Thus, this study attempts to estimate how long combustion vehicles will be in use and what the state of the fleet will be in 2050. For obtainment of results the TR3E partial equilibrium model was used. The study simulates the future fleet structure in passenger and freight transport. The results obtained for Poland for the climate neutrality (NEU) scenario show that in 2050 the share of vehicles using fossil fuels will be ca. 30% in both road passenger and freight transport. The consequence of shifts in the structure of the fleet is the reduction of CO2 emissions ca. 80% by 2050 and increase of the transport demand for electricity and hydrogen.

7 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
18 Oct 2021-Energies
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors address the issue of incorporating rail transport into an urban delivery system and identify the possibilities of utilising rail transport in a zero-emission Urban Delivery System (ZUDS) by applying Light Freight Railway (LFR) electric trains.
Abstract: This paper addresses the issue of incorporating rail transport into an urban delivery system. Its main purpose was to identify the possibilities of utilising rail transport in a Zero-emission Urban Delivery System (ZUDS) by applying Light Freight Railway (LFR) electric trains. The study applied the following research methods: literature review, observation, case study, and mathematical computations. In order to estimate the volume of transport external costs reduction resulting from shifting urban deliveries from road to rail transport in the city of Szczecin, the EU methodology was applied to specify the amounts of external costs generated by individual modes and means of transport. The research study showed that application of LFR electric trains makes it possible to significantly reduce external costs generated by transport. Moreover, this solution may have an impact on developing Clean Transport Zones (CTZs) and may also contribute to expansion of the ZUDS. The research study results also provide grounds to conclude that application of the LFR system makes it possible to reduce negative effects generated by Urban Freight Transport (UFT) and to achieve a coherent zero-emission system for handling cargo and passenger flows in cities, which consequently contributes to achieving electromobility goals in transport.

6 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 2022-Cities
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors present a comprehensive review of mobility-driven urban studies through four re-conceptualized urban mobility perspectives, which can be classified based on whether they interpret urban mobility as spatial movements, a social phenomenon, an economic indicator or a policy tool.

5 citations