Paulo Fernando Adami

Bio: Paulo Fernando Adami is an academic researcher from Paraná Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology. The author has contributed to research in topics: Grazing & Pasture. The author has an hindex of 9, co-authored 45 publications receiving 334 citations. Previous affiliations of Paulo Fernando Adami include Federal University of Paraná.

Influência da luminosidade no comportamento de onze espécies forrageiras perenes de verão

Abstract: Objetivou-se avaliar o comportamento de especies forrageiras (Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, Panicum maximum cvs. Tanzânia, Aruana e Mombaca, Hemarthria altissima cv. Florida; Paspalum notatum cv. Pensacola, Axonopus catharinensis, Cynodon sp. hibrido Tifton-85; Arachis pintoi cvs. Alqueire e Amarillo) submetidas a diferentes niveis de luminosidade produzidos por arvores de Pinus taeda (ceu aberto; 9 m entre linhas e 3 m entre arvores; e 15 m entre linhas e 3 m entre arvores). Avaliaram-se a producao de MS, a relacao lâmina foliar:colmo (L:C), o nivel de florescimento das plantas, os teores de PB e FDN e as variaveis meteorologicas e do solo, na projecao da copa e no meio da entrelinha de arvores, de cada parcela. A producao de MS foi afetada negativamente pelo sombreamento, por outro lado, o teor de PB foi maior nas parcelas sombreadas em relacao ao pleno sol. Alem da menor radiacao, a velocidade do vento e a temperatura do solo nas parcelas sombreadas foram menores naquelas a sol pleno. O teor de FDN nao diferiu significativamente entre os niveis de luminosidade, embora a relacao L:C tenha sido maior na entrelinha do 9 × 3 em relacao aquela a ceu aberto. As especies forrageiras mais produtivas e com maior potencial para utilizacao em ambiente silvipastoril foram: Axonopus catharinensis e Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu.

Alelopatia de acículas de Pinus taeda na germinação e no desenvolvimento de plântulas de Avena strigosa

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to verify the allelopathic effect of aqueous extract from the Pinus taeda needles on the germination and development of black oat (Avena strigosa) seedlings. The work was carried out at the Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory at the Federal Technological University of Parana (UTFPR), Campus Pato Branco, using a completely randomized design with factorial distribution in three replicates, under temperature, humidity and light controlled conditions. The extract from the pine needles was composed of five percentages (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) from the crude extract (EB) dilution, composed of distilled water + pine needles in vegetative stage (green needles), moderately decomposed (dry needles) and in advanced decomposition (decomposed needles). The germination percentage, average speed of germination, the length of the primary roots and the length from the seedlings roots of Avena strigosa were evaluated. The stage of green needles affected the variables studied and showed linearly effect with the increasing concentration of the crude extract.

Year-round poultry litter decomposition and N, P, K and Ca release

Abstract: Poultry litter is an important nutrient source in agriculture, although little information is available regarding its decomposition rate and nutrient release. To evaluate these processes, poultry litter (PL) was applied to the soil to supply 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1 N contained in 4,953, 9,907 and 14,860 kg ha-1 PL, respectively. The litter bag technique was used to monitor the process of decomposition and nutrient release from the litter. These bags were left on the soil surface and collected periodically (after 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270, 300, 330, and 365 days). The dry matter (DM) loss was highest (35 %) after the first 30 days of field incubation. The highest nutrient release occurred in the first 60 days on the field, when 40, 34, 91, and 39 %, respectively, of N, P, K, and Ca of the initial PL dry matter (4,860 kg ha-1) was already released to the soil. In absolute terms, these percentages represent 40, 23, 134, and 69 kg ha-1 of N, P, K, and Ca and these values doubled and tripled as the PL fertilization rates increased to 9,907 and 14,860 kg ha-1, respectively. After one year of field incubation, the residual contents in the litter were 27, 15, 18 and 30 % of the initial DM , and N, P and Ca, respectively. The release rate of K was the fastest and 91 % of the K had been released from the PL after 30 days of field incubation.

Desempenho de forrageiras hibernais sob distintos níveis de luminosidade

Abstract: Objetivou-se determinar os possiveis efeitos da restricao de luminosidade, obtida com distintas densidades de arvores de Pinnus taeda, sobre a producao e qualidade de: aveia-preta (Avena strigosa Schreb) cv. Comum, aveia-branca (Avena sativa L.) cv. Fapa 2, azevem (Lolium multiflorum L.) cv. Comum, trigo (Triticum aestivum L.) duplo proposito cv. BRS Taruma e ervilhaca peluda (Vicia villosa L.). Avaliaram-se tres niveis de luminosidade: a sol aberto (sem presenca de arvores de Pinnus taeda), 30% de restricao de radiacao (usando espacamento entre arvores de 15 × 3 m, com 222 arvores/ha) e 60% de restricao de radiacao (usando espacamento de 9 × 3 m, com 370 arvores/ha). Foram realizadas avaliacoes da producao de forragem, da composicao quimica e dos componentes estruturais das plantas, do potencial hidrico das plantas, da umidade do solo, das variaveis microclimaticas e da producao de aciculas. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos completos ao acaso, em parcelas subdivididas e tres repeticoes. O azevem foi a especie mais produtiva em todos os niveis de luminosidade, embora a ervilhaca tenha apresentado a menor reducao de producao quando sombreada. Houve maior potencial hidrico nas plantas e maior umidade no solo nos ambientes sombreados, mesmo assim, a producao de forragem reduziu significativamente no sombreamento mais intenso (81%). A composicao quimica e os componentes estruturais de todas as forrageiras estudadas tambem sao afetados pelo aumento da restricao luminosa.

Efeitos de diferentes intensidades de pastejo em pastagem nativa melhorada sobre o desempenho animal

Abstract: A grazing trial was carried out to evaluate the effect of two forage masses on the animal yield from natural pasture over-sown with exotic legumes species (white clover - Trifolium repens, red clover - Trifolium pratense and birdsfoottrifoil - Lotus corniculatus). The grazing method consisted of a variable continuous stocking rate over the period from July 2003 to April 2004. The experimental treatments were two forage masses: low forage mass (LFM) (1,021 kg of DM/ha) and high forage mass (HFM) (1,751 kg of DM/ha). Pasture and animal evaluations were accomplished nearly at 30 days intervals. Heavy treatment ´ experimental period interaction was observed for the stocking rate that showed an average of 690 and 437 kg of DM/ha to LFM and HFM respectively. Forage mass affected the animal average daily gain estimates of 480 and 262 g/animal/day for HFM and LFM, respectively, but had no effect on animal body weight yield per unit of land area estimates of 231 and 207 kg/ha for the LFM and HFM, respectively. These results point out that the improved natural pasture management must be accomplished under herbage mass valus near to 1,700 DM/ha, because it maintain good weight gain rate.

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo

Abstract: Resumen en: The aim of this study was a survey of the estimated costs of soil erosion, an issue of fundamental importance in view of the current worldwide discussion...

Integração lavoura e pecuária: o estado da arte e inovações tecnológicas

Abstract: Sustainability is an actual theme and very present in all discussion in the tropical agriculture world, including Brazil. This country experienced high taxes of development in agribusiness, increasing exportation trading, producing foods of better quality and raising incoming rates of farmers. However, two mains aspects call the attention in respect to sustainability: excessive soil preparation with monoculture of annual crops and pasture degradation. These situations have brought losses in crop and livestock yields, increased soil degradation and collapse of natural resources. Continuous cropping of monoculture accelerates attacks of insects and diseases, specially the ones related to soil interactions. Technologies such as minimum tillage, crop rotation and crop-livestock integration can alleviate these problems and drive agriculture to sustainability. Minimum tillage has increase to more than 60% of soil tillage usage in Brazil. Adoption of this system in large scale, covering more regions, with different clime and soil, is highly dependent of crops that produce high amounts of residues and straw for better soil coverage. Crop-livestock integrated systems (CLIS) have been cultivated with many crops, such as: soybeans, corn, pearl millet, sorghum, cotton, sunflower, etc. and especially perennial tropical grasses asBrachiaria spp, intercropped or not. CLIS can be one important alternative to pasture recuperation and improvement of annual crops. They increase straw to minimum tillage systems, improve soil chemical, physical and biological properties, and better use of equipments, farmers income, and jobs in rural area. This paper analyze the state of the art in CLIS research, later results, and bring some considerations for the near the future of CLIS in Brazil.