Author
Pavlos S. Kanaroglou
Other affiliations: Wilfrid Laurier University
Bio: Pavlos S. Kanaroglou is an academic researcher from McMaster University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Population & Traffic congestion. The author has an hindex of 47, co-authored 136 publications receiving 7884 citations. Previous affiliations of Pavlos S. Kanaroglou include Wilfrid Laurier University.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: In this article, a review of models for assessing intraurban exposure under six classes, including proximity-based assessments, statistical interpolation, land use regression models, line dispersion models, integrated emission-meteorological models, and hybrid models combining personal or household exposure monitoring with one of the preceding methods is presented.
Abstract: The development of models to assess air pollution exposures within cities for assignment to subjects in health studies has been identified as a priority area for future research. This paper reviews models for assessing intraurban exposure under six classes, including: (i) proximity-based assessments, (ii) statistical interpolation, (iii) land use regression models, (iv) line dispersion models, (v) integrated emission-meteorological models, and (vi) hybrid models combining personal or household exposure monitoring with one of the preceding methods. We enrich this review of the modelling procedures and results with applied examples from Hamilton, Canada. In addition, we qualitatively evaluate the models based on key criteria important to health effects assessment research. Hybrid models appear well suited to overcoming the problem of achieving population representative samples while understanding the role of exposure variation at the individual level. Remote sensing and activity-space analysis will complement refinements in pre-existing methods, and with expected advances, the field of exposure assessment may help to reduce scientific uncertainties that now impede policy intervention aimed at protecting public health.
1,023 citations
TL;DR: The spatial configuration of cities and its relationship to the urban environment has been the subject of empirical, theoretical and policy research as discussed by the authors, and because of the disciplines involved, it has attracted much attention.
Abstract: The spatial configuration of cities and its relationship to the urban environment has recently been the subject of empirical, theoretical and policy research. Because of the disciplines involved, r...
513 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the factors and incentives that are most likely to influence households' choice for cleaner vehicles in the metropolitan area of Hamilton, Canada and found that reduced monetary costs, purchase tax relieves and low emissions rates would encourage households to adopt a cleaner vehicle.
Abstract: This paper examines the factors and incentives that are most likely to influence households' choice for cleaner vehicles in the metropolitan area of Hamilton, Canada. Data collection is based on experimental design and stated choice methods through an Internet survey. Choice alternatives included a conventional gasoline, a hybrid and an alternative fuelled vehicle. Each option is described by a varying set of vehicle attributes and economic incentives, customized per respondent. Controlling for individual, household and dwelling-location characteristics, parameters of a nested logit model indicates that reduced monetary costs, purchase tax relieves and low emissions rates would encourage households to adopt a cleaner vehicle. On the other hand, incentives such as free parking and permission to drive on high occupancy vehicle lanes with one person in the car were not significant. Furthermore, limited fuel availability is a concern when households considered the adoption of an alternative fuelled vehicle. Finally, willingness-to-pay extra for a cleaner vehicle is computed based on the estimated parameters.
442 citations
TL;DR: This paper used a universal kriging procedure to interpolate data from twenty-three monitoring stations in Hamilton (1985-94) to develop an estimate of likely pollution values across the city based on annual geometric means and extreme events.
Abstract: The authors address two research questions: (1) Are populations with lower socioeconomic status, compared with people of higher socioeconomic status, more likely to be exposed to higher levels of particulate air pollution in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada? (2) How sensitive is the association between levels of particulate air pollution and socioeconomic status to specification of exposure estimates or statistical models? Total suspended particulate (TSP) data from the twenty-three monitoring stations in Hamilton (1985–94) were interpolated with a universal kriging procedure to develop an estimate of likely pollution values across the city based on annual geometric means and extreme events. Comparing the highest with the lowest exposure zones, the interpolated surfaces showed more than a twofold increase in TSP concentrations and more than a twentyfold difference in the probability of exposure to extreme events. Exposure estimates were related to socioeconomic and demographic data from census tract areas by usi...
326 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of family structure, socio-economic characteristics and accessibility at the place of residence on the number of cars owned by a household was examined, which can be used to advise the design of planning policies aiming at controlling the effects of excessive carownership and mobility.
262 citations
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6,278 citations
TL;DR: It is the opinion of the writing group that the overall evidence is consistent with a causal relationship between PM2.5 exposure and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Abstract: In 2004, the first American Heart Association scientific statement on “Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease” concluded that exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution contributes to card...
5,227 citations
TL;DR: The association between income deprivation and mortality differed significantly across the groups of exposure to green space for mortality from all causes and circulatory disease, but not from lung cancer or intentional self-harm, which suggests physical environments that promote good health might be important to reduce socioeconomic health inequalities.
1,540 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the relationship between income deprivation and mortality in the UK and found that those living in the greenest areas had the lowest levels of health inequality related to income deprivation.
1,272 citations