The term photonic crystals appears because of the analogy between electron waves in crystals and the light waves in artificial periodic dielectric structures. During the recent years the investigation of one-, two-and three-dimensional periodic structures has attracted a widespread attention of the world optics community because of great potentiality of such structures in advanced applied optical fields. The interest in periodic structures has been stimulated by the fast development of semiconductor technology that now allows the fabrication of artificial structures, whose period is comparable with the wavelength of light in the visible and infrared ranges.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/6354/16969/00781867.pdf

Photonic crystals

Incompressible sph method for simulating newtonian and non-newtonian flows with a free surface

SUMMARY
The open-source CFD library OpenFoam® contains a method for solving free surface Newtonian flows using the Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes equations coupled with a volume of fluid method. In this paper, it is demonstrated how this has been extended with a generic wave generation and absorption method termed ‘wave relaxation zones’, on which a detailed account is given. The ability to use OpenFoam for the modelling of waves is demonstrated using two benchmark test cases, which show the ability to model wave propagation and wave breaking. Furthermore, the reflection coefficient from outlet relaxation zones is considered for a range of parameters. The toolbox is implemented in C++, and the flexibility in deriving new relaxation methods and implementing new wave theories along with other shapes of the relaxation zone is outlined. Subsequent to the publication of this paper, the toolbox has been made freely available through the OpenFoam-Extend Community. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A wave generation toolbox for the open‐source CFD library: OpenFoam®

Localized fluid flow measurements with an He-Ne laser spectrometer

Numerical Modeling of Water Waves with the SPH Method

This paper describes the development of a numerical model for studying the evolution of a wave train, shoaling and breaking in the surf zone. The model solves the Reynolds equations for the mean (ensemble average) flow field and the k–e equations for the turbulent kinetic energy, k, and the turbulence dissipation rate, e. A nonlinear Reynolds stress model (Shih, Zhu & Lumley 1996) is employed to relate the Reynolds stresses and the strain rates of the mean flow. To track free-surface movements, the volume of fluid (VOF) method is employed. To ensure the accuracy of each component of the numerical model, several steps have been taken to verify numerical solutions with either analytical solutions or experimental data. For non-breaking waves, very accurate results are obtained for a solitary wave propagating over a long distance in a constant depth. Good agreement between numerical results and experimental data has also been observed for shoaling and breaking cnoidal waves on a sloping beach in terms of free-surface profiles, mean velocities, and turbulent kinetic energy. Based on the numerical results, turbulence transport mechanisms under breaking waves are discussed.

A numerical study of breaking waves in the surf zone

This paper presents a numerical model for simulating wave interaction with porous structures. The model calculates the mean flow outside of porous structures based on the Reynolds averaged Navier-S...

Numerical Modeling of Wave Interaction with Porous Structures

A numerical study of three-dimensional liquid sloshing in tanks

The flow motion of incompressible fluid can be described by Navier-Stokes equations with the continuity equation, which requires zero divergence of the velocity vector (i.e., ∂ui/∂xi = 0). A new method is developed to generate specific wave trains by using designed mass source functions for the equation of mass conservation, i.e., ∂ui∂xi = f(x, t), in the internal flow region. The new method removes the difficulty in specifying incident waves through an inflow boundary with the presence of strong wave reflection. Instead, only the open (radiation) boundary condition is needed in the simulation. By using different source functions, the writers are able to generate various wave trains, including the linear monochromatic wave, irregular wave, Stokes wave, solitary wave, and cnoidal wave. By comparing numerical results with analytical solutions, the writers have shown that the proposed method can accurately generate not only small amplitude waves but also nonlinear waves in both intermediate and shallow water...

Pengzhi Lin

Papers

A numerical study of breaking waves in the surf zone

Numerical Modeling of Wave Interaction with Porous Structures

A numerical study of three-dimensional liquid sloshing in tanks

Internal Wave-Maker for Navier-Stokes Equations Models

Three-dimensional liquid sloshing in a tank with baffles