Peterson Ricardo Fiorio

Bio: Peterson Ricardo Fiorio is an academic researcher from University of São Paulo. The author has contributed to research in topics: Soil test & Soil classification. The author has an hindex of 15, co-authored 42 publications receiving 694 citations. Previous affiliations of Peterson Ricardo Fiorio include State University of West Paraná & Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz.

Estimation of Soil Properties by Orbital and Laboratory Reflectance Means and its Relation with Soil Classification

Abstract: Wet chemistry methods to extract soil properties such as Fe2O3, TiO2, MnO and clay are cost effective, time consuming and environmental polluter. Moreover, a large set of samples has to be collected for precise spatial mapping. Ordinary surface soil mapping is a problematic method. Accordingly, non destructive technologies, such as remote sens- ing methods can provide important vantages. The objective of the present work was to estimate soil attributes by labora- tory and orbital sensors and compare these results with soil classification. The study area is a 473 ha bare soil field located in the region of Barra Bonita, Brazil. A sampling grid of 100 by 100 m was established and the exact position of each point was georeferenced, and sent to traditional (wet) laboratory analyses. The soil samples reflectance were also acquired by a laboratory sensor using artificial illumination (450 to 2500 nm). Over the same selected ground area reflectance data were extracted from the TM-Landsat-5 image. Prediction equations between the satellite and laboratory reflectance data and the wet chemistry were generated for each attribute. Most of the generated equations presented high and significant R 2 such as for the Fe2O3 with 0.82 for laboratory and 0.67 for the orbital reflectance data. The comparison between reflec- tance estimates and laboratory wet measurements for iron presented 92.2% success for the laboratory and 91.3% for the orbital sensors. The comparison for the texture intervals, showed 65% and 50% success for laboratory and orbital data re- spectively. The iron contents obtained by the sensors allowed to better remotely classify soil classes. Soil extractions to determine these attributes can be substitute by spectral reflectance models based on the present methodology.

Visible and Near Infrared Spectroscopy in Soil Science

Abstract: This chapter provides a review on the state of soil visible–near infrared (vis–NIR) spectroscopy Our intention is for the review to serve as a source of up-to-date information on the past and current role of vis–NIR spectroscopy in soil science It should also provide critical discussion on issues surrounding the use of vis–NIR for soil analysis and on future directions To this end, we describe the fundamentals of visible and infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and spectroscopic multivariate calibrations A review of the past and current role of vis–NIR spectroscopy in soil analysis is provided, focusing on important soil attributes such as soil organic matter (SOM), minerals, texture, nutrients, water, pH, and heavy metals We then discuss the performance and generalization capacity of vis–NIR calibrations, with particular attention on sample pretratments, covariations in data sets, and mathematical data preprocessing Field analyses and strategies for the practical use of vis–NIR are considered We conclude that the technique is useful to measure soil water and mineral composition and to derive robust calibrations for SOM and clay content Many studies show that we also can predict properties such as pH and nutrients, although their robustness may be questioned For future work we recommend that research should focus on: (i) moving forward with more theoretical calibrations, (ii) better understanding of the complexity of soil and the physical basis for soil reflection, and (iii) applications and the use of spectra for soil mapping and monitoring, and for making inferences about soils quality, fertility and function To do this, research in soil spectroscopy needs to be more collaborative and strategic The development of the Global Soil Spectral Library might be a step in the right direction

Modeling Soil Processes: Review, Key Challenges, and New Perspectives

Abstract: The remarkable complexity of soil and its importance to a wide range of ecosystem services presents major challenges to the modeling of soil processes. Although major progress in soil models has occurred in the last decades, models of soil processes remain disjointed between disciplines or ecosystem services, with considerable uncertainty remaining in the quality of predictions and several challenges that remain yet to be addressed. First, there is a need to improve exchange of knowledge and experience among the different disciplines in soil science and to reach out to other Earth science communities. Second, the community needs to develop a new generation of soil models based on a systemic approach comprising relevant physical, chemical, and biological processes to address critical knowledge gaps in our understanding of soil processes and their interactions. Overcoming these challenges will facilitate exchanges between soil modeling and climate, plant, and social science modeling communities. It will allow us to contribute to preserve and improve our assessment of ecosystem services and advance our understanding of climate-change feedback mechanisms, among others, thereby facilitating and strengthening communication among scientific disciplines and society. We review the role of modeling soil processes in quantifying key soil processes that shape ecosystem services, with a focus on provisioning and regulating services. We then identify key challenges in modeling soil processes, including the systematic incorporation of heterogeneity and uncertainty, the integration of data and models, and strategies for effective integration of knowledge on physical, chemical, and biological soil processes. We discuss how the soil modeling community could best interface with modern modeling activities in other disciplines, such as climate, ecology, and plant research, and how to weave novel observation and measurement techniques into soil models. We propose the establishment of an international soil modeling consortium to coherently advance soil modeling activities and foster communication with other Earth science disciplines. Such a consortium should promote soil modeling platforms and data repository for model development, calibration and intercomparison essential for addressing contemporary challenges.