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Philipp Lehmann

Bio: Philipp Lehmann is an academic researcher from Stockholm University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Diapause & Population. The author has an hindex of 15, co-authored 52 publications receiving 620 citations. Previous affiliations of Philipp Lehmann include Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic & University of Greifswald.

Papers published on a yearly basis

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Although it is well known that insects are sensitive to temperature, how they will be affected by ongoing global warming remains uncertain because these responses are multifaceted and ecologically... as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Although it is well known that insects are sensitive to temperature, how they will be affected by ongoing global warming remains uncertain because these responses are multifaceted and ecologically ...

192 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
10 Mar 2017-Science
TL;DR: It is found that an isoprenoid precursor produced by Plasmodium falciparum, (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate (HMBPP), affects A. gambiae s.l. blood meal seeking and feeding behaviors as well as susceptibility to infection.
Abstract: Malaria infection renders humans more attractive to Anopheles gambiae sensu lato mosquitoes than uninfected people. The mechanisms remain unknown. We found that an isoprenoid precursor produced by ...

93 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Whether beetles from six European populations along a latitudinal axis are synchronized with their local photoperiodic environmental conditions is studied, which could explain the success of L. decemlineata in expanding to higher latitudes, but further northward range expansion could be constrained by inherent difficulties to initiate overwintering under very longPhotoperiods.
Abstract: Many organisms use photoperiodic cues to assess seasonal progression and pace their phenology. As photoperiod correlates with latitude, range expansions in seasonal environments may require re-synchronization of phenology and life-history traits with novel season length. Adaptive resynchronization takes time, and hence might be one factor explaining why range expansion to higher latitudes often is slow. Studies investigating latitudinal clines in photoperiodic traits often focus on species or populations which are well established. However, studying organisms which are in the process of expanding their range can provide valuable information on the evolutionary ecological mechanisms driving the adaptive synchronization to seasonal environments. The Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, is a pest of potato, which rapidly has spread towards higher latitudes. We studied whether beetles from six European populations along a latitudinal axis are synchronized with their local photoperiodic environmental conditions. Variation in critical photoperiod (when 50 % of individuals make the decision to overwinter), diapause incidence, burrowing age for diapause and resurfacing behaviour were investigated by maintaining beetles under six photoperiods. The beetles showed a clear latitudinal pattern in diapause incidence and burrowing age for diapause but not in critical photoperiod. Resurfacing behaviour of burrowed beetles increased with the length of the photoperiod, which through unsynchronized overwintering behaviour could lead to high overwintering mortality. Thus, while synchronization of diapause preparation with local photoperiodic conditions can be one reason explaining the success of L. decemlineata in expanding to higher latitudes, further northward range expansion could be constrained by inherent difficulties to initiate overwintering under very long photoperiods.

62 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results indicate that behavioural plasticity in burrowing may have facilitated initial range expansion of L. decemlineata in Europe, however, long-term persistence at high latitudes has required synchronization of burrowing behaviour with physiological traits, and underline that eco-physiological life-history traits of insects, such as diapause, should be included in studies on range expansion.
Abstract: Photoperiodic phenological adaptations are prevalent in many organisms living in seasonal environments. As both photoperiod and growth season length change with latitude, species undergoing latitudinal range expansion often need to synchronize their life cycle with a changing photoperiod and growth season length. Since adaptive synchronization often involves a large number of time-consuming genetic changes, behavioural plasticity might be a faster way to adjust to novel conditions. We compared behavioural and physiological traits in overwintering (diapause) preparation in three latitudinally different European Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) populations reared under two photoperiods. Our aim was to study whether behavioural plasticity could play a role in rapid range expansion into seasonal environments. Our results show that while burrowing into the soil occurred in the southernmost studied population also under a non-diapause-inducing long photoperiod, the storage lipid content of these beetles was very low compared to the northern populations. However, similar behavioural plasticity was not found in the northern populations. Furthermore, the strongest suppression of energy metabolism was seen in pre-diapause beetles from the northernmost population. These results could indicate accelerated diapause preparation and possibly energetic adjustments due to temporal constraints imposed by a shorter, northern, growth season. Our results indicate that behavioural plasticity in burrowing may have facilitated initial range expansion of L. decemlineata in Europe. However, long-term persistence at high latitudes has required synchronization of burrowing behaviour with physiological traits. The results underline that eco-physiological life-history traits of insects, such as diapause, should be included in studies on range expansion.

53 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The overall post‐winter pupal development time, following removal from winter cold, was negatively related to cold duration, through a combined effect of cold duration on diapause duration and on post‐diapause development time.
Abstract: The effect of spring temperature on spring phenology is well understood in a wide range of taxa. However, studies on how winter conditions may affect spring phenology are underrepresented. Previous work on Anthocharis cardamines (orange tip butterfly) has shown population-specific reaction norms of spring development in relation to spring temperature and a speeding up of post-winter development with longer winter durations. In this experiment, we examined the effects of a greater and ecologically relevant range of winter durations on post-winter pupal development of A. cardamines of two populations from the United Kingdom and two from Sweden. By analyzing pupal weight loss and metabolic rate, we were able to separate the overall post-winter pupal development into diapause duration and post-diapause development. We found differences in the duration of cold needed to break diapause among populations, with the southern UK population requiring a shorter duration than the other populations. We also found that the overall post-winter pupal development time, following removal from winter cold, was negatively related to cold duration, through a combined effect of cold duration on diapause duration and on post-diapause development time. Longer cold durations also lead to higher population synchrony in hatching. For current winter durations in the field, the A. cardamines population of southern UK could have a reduced development rate and lower synchrony in emergence because of short winters. With future climate change, this might become an issue also for other populations. Differences in winter conditions in the field among these four populations are large enough to have driven local adaptation of characteristics controlling spring phenology in response to winter duration. The observed phenology of these populations depends on a combination of winter and spring temperatures; thus, both must be taken into account for accurate predictions of phenology.

51 citations


Cited by
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TL;DR: Elton's "The Ecology of Invasions by Animals and Plants" as mentioned in this paper is one of the most cited books on invasion biology, and it provides an accessible, engaging introduction to the most important environmental crises of our time.
Abstract: Much as Rachel Carson's \"Silent Spring\" was a call to action against the pesticides that were devastating bird populations, Charles S. Elton's classic \"The Ecology of Invasions by Animals and Plants\" sounded an early warning about an environmental catastrophe that has become all too familiar today-the invasion of nonnative species. From kudzu to zebra mussels to Asian long-horned beetles, nonnative species are colonizing new habitats around the world at an alarming rate thanks to accidental and intentional human intervention. One of the leading causes of extinctions of native animals and plants, invasive species also wreak severe economic havoc, causing $79 billion worth of damage in the United States alone. Elton explains the devastating effects that invasive species can have on local ecosystems in clear, concise language and with numerous examples. The first book on invasion biology, and still the most cited, Elton's masterpiece provides an accessible, engaging introduction to one of the most important environmental crises of our time. Charles S. Elton was one of the founders of ecology, who also established and led Oxford University's Bureau of Animal Population. His work has influenced generations of ecologists and zoologists, and his publications remain central to the literature in modern biology. \"History has caught up with Charles Elton's foresight, and \"The Ecology of Invasions\" can now be seen as one of the central scientific books of our century.\"-David Quammen, from the Foreword to \"Killer Algae: The True Tale of a Biological Invasion\

1,321 citations

01 Jan 2016

566 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is emphasized how an appreciation of the evolutionary processes shaping insect life histories is necessary to forecast changes in insect phenology and their demographic consequences.
Abstract: Insect phenologies are changing in response to climate warming. Shifts toward earlier seasonal activity are widespread; however, responses of insect phenology to warming are often more complex. Many species have prolonged their activity periods; others have shown delays. Furthermore, because of interspecific differences in temperature sensitivity, warming can increase or decrease synchronization between insects and their food plants and natural enemies. Here, I review recent findings in three areas — shifts in phenology, changes in voltinism, and altered species interactions — and highlight counterintuitive responses to warming caused by the particularities of insect life cycles. Throughout, I emphasize how an appreciation of the evolutionary processes shaping insect life histories is necessary to forecast changes in insect phenology and their demographic consequences.

217 citations