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Philippe Brasseur

Other affiliations: University of Rouen
Bio: Philippe Brasseur is an academic researcher from Institut de recherche pour le développement. The author has contributed to research in topics: Cryptosporidium parvum & Plasmodium falciparum. The author has an hindex of 32, co-authored 108 publications receiving 3006 citations. Previous affiliations of Philippe Brasseur include University of Rouen.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This systematic review of published and unpublished trials supports the use of amodiaquine in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria, but there is partial cross-resistance between chloroquine and amodIAquine, and monitoring of the effectiveness and tolerability of this drug and surveillance for evidence of toxicity must continue.

258 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A neonatal mouse model appears to be a suitable animal model in which to explore drug failures in human giardiasis.
Abstract: The metronidazole and albendazole susceptibility of 11 clinical isolates of Giardia duodenalis from France was determined using a neonatal mouse model and compared with the outcome in patients after standard metronidazole therapy (0.75 g/day for 5 days). All isolates found to be clinically resistant to metronidazole (4/11) exhibited an ID50 > 120 mg/kg in the mouse model. This therefore appears to be a suitable animal model in which to explore drug failures in human giardiasis.

117 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A double-site enzyme-linked lactate dehydrogenase immunodetection assay (DELI), a highly sensitive antigen-capture enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay, which proved to be more sensitive for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum than thick blood smears, as sensitive as the polymerase chain reaction, and probably more reliable.
Abstract: We report a double-site enzyme-linked lactate dehydrogenase immunodetection assay (DELI), a highly sensitive antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, which proved to be more sensitive for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum than thick blood smears, as sensitive as the polymerase chain reaction, and probably more reliable. This technique can help to detect infra-microscopic parasitemias (one parasite in 10(6)-10(8) red blood cells) from biological samples, and being quantitative, provide a fast substitute to thick smears for epidemiologic purposes. The technique can also be used to measure the in vitro drug sensitivity of P. falciparum with greater ease, much greater speed, and simpler equipment than that required for the isotopic microtest. Results obtained with four antimalarial drugs upon 16 strains closely paralleled those obtained by the isotopic assay (R = 0.95). In contrast with the latter, much lower parasite densities could be tested in the DELI assay (as low as 0.005%), thereby extending the number of isolates that can be investigated. The ease of implementation and low cost of the DELI-microtest may contribute to a revived interest in using in vitro methods to survey resistance to antimalarial drugs, so as to better predict future in vivo drug failures and provide public health recommendations.

109 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A case of metronidazole- and albendazoles-resistant giardiasis in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was successfully treated with nitazoxanide.
Abstract: A case of metronidazole- and albendazole-resistant giardiasis in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome was successfully treated with nitazoxanide (1.5 g twice a day for 30 days). Animal studies and in vitro assays showed that the isolate was resistant to both metronidazole and albendazole and susceptible to nitazoxanide.

106 citations


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01 Aug 2016
TL;DR: Trimetazidine is indicated in adults as add-on therapy for the symptomatic treatment of patients with stable angina pectoris who are inadequately controlled by or intolerant to first-line antianginal therapies.
Abstract: 4 CLINICAL PARTICULARS 4.1 Therapeutic Indications Trimetazidine is indicated in adults as add-on therapy for the symptomatic treatment of patients with stable angina pectoris who are inadequately controlled by or intolerant to first-line antianginal therapies. 4.2 Posology and method of administration Oral administration. Posology The dose is one tablet of 35mg of trimetazidine twice daily during meals. Special populations Renal impairment In patients with moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance [30-60] ml/min) (see sections 4.4 and 5.2), the recommended dose is 1 tablet of 35mg in the morning during breakfast. Elderly Elderly patients may have increased trimetazidine exposure due to age-related decrease in renal function (see section 5.2). In patients with moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance [30-60] ml/min), the recommended dose is 1 tablet of 35mg in the morning during breakfast. Dose titration in elderly patients should be exercised with caution (see section 4.4). Health Products Regulatory Authority

1,677 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article reviews the various common plasma techniques and experimental methods as applied to biomedical materials research, such as plasma sputtering and etching, plasma implantation, plasma deposition, plasma polymerization, laser plasma deposited, plasma spraying, and so on.
Abstract: Plasma-surface modification (PSM) is an effective and economical surface treatment technique for many materials and of growing interests in biomedical engineering This article reviews the various common plasma techniques and experimental methods as applied to biomedical materials research, such as plasma sputtering and etching, plasma implantation, plasma deposition, plasma polymerization, laser plasma deposition, plasma spraying, and so on The unique advantage of plasma modification is that the surface properties and biocompatibility can be enhanced selectively while the bulk attributes of the materials remain unchanged Existing materials can, thus, be used and needs for new classes of materials may be obviated thereby shortening the time to develop novel and better biomedical devices Recent work has spurred a number of very interesting applications in the biomedical field This review article concentrates upon the current status of these techniques, new applications, and achievements pertaining to biomedical materials research Examples described include hard tissue replacements, blood contacting prostheses, ophthalmic devices, and other products

1,404 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: There is no evidence that using antiseptics or disinfectants selects for antibiotic-resistant organisms in nature or that such mutants survive in nature.
Abstract: The issue of whether low-level tolerance to germicides selects for antibiotic-resistant strains is unsettled but might depend on the mechanism by which tolerance is attained. For example, changes in the permeability barrier or efflux mechanisms might affect susceptibility to both antibiotics and germicides, but specific changes to a target site might not. Some researchers have suggested that use of disinfectants or antiseptics (e.g., triclosan) could facilitate development of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms 334, 335, . Although evidence in laboratory studies indicates low-level resistance to triclosan, the concentrations of triclosan in these studies were low (generally <1 μg/mL) and dissimilar from the higher levels used in antimicrobial products (2,000–20,000 μg/mL) 364, . Thus, researchers can create laboratory-derived mutants that demonstrate reduced susceptibility to antiseptics or disinfectants. In some experiments, such bacteria have demonstrated reduced susceptibility to certain antibiotics . There is no evidence that using antiseptics or disinfectants selects for antibiotic-resistant organisms in nature or that such mutants survive in nature. ). In addition, the action of antibiotics and the action of disinfectants differ fundamentally. Antibiotics are selectively toxic and generally have a single target site in bacteria, thereby inhibiting a specific biosynthetic process. Germicides generally are considered nonspecific antimicrobials because of a multiplicity of toxic-effect mechanisms or target sites and are broader spectrum in the types of microorganisms against which they are effective 344, .

914 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the literature on plasma sterilization is presented, where three basic mechanisms are involved in the plasma inactivation of microorganisms: (a) direct destruction by UV irradiation of the genetic material of micro organisms; (b) erosion of the microorganisms atom by atom, through intrinsic photodesorption by ultraviolet irradiation to form volatile compounds combining atoms intrinsic to the micro organisms.

906 citations