Pierre François

Bio: Pierre François is an academic researcher from Centre national de la recherche scientifique. The author has contributed to research in topics: Shareholder & Shareholder value. The author has an hindex of 9, co-authored 52 publications receiving 325 citations. Previous affiliations of Pierre François include École Polytechnique.

Sociologie des marchés

Abstract: La sociologie a multiplie les travaux detaillant le fonctionnement des marches concrets, mais elle ne propose pas de reflexion theorique systematique sur la notion de marche : qu'est-ce qu'un marche ? Cet ouvrage presente les marches dans leur diversite (financier, travail, sante...) et legitime la notion de marche comme cle de toute introduction a la sociologie economique.

Career paths and hierarchies in the pure pole of the literary field: The case of contemporary poetry

Abstract: The present article uses contemporary Francophone poetry to see how positions are distributed at the pure pole of the literary field. We first draw the space of positions in poetry, before offering powerful methodological methods to analyze artistic careers—that is, sequence analysis that we combine with logit models. We show that, in contrast to the intuition of Bourdieu (1996) in The Rules of Art, poetry is not characterized by anarchy but, instead, is a very structured social space wherein recognition is consensual, as well as hierarchized. We then show that careers at the pure pole are long, progressively cumulative and irregular. These results refine previous studies where slow accumulation of reputation corresponded to linear, if not regular, careers (e.g., Giuffre, 1999). We also discusses cumulative advantage theory (e.g., Menger, 2009), as well as status-based models of hierarchies (e.g., Podolny, 2005), so as to offer a usable model of objectivizing artists’ positions in their field. We thus build on Bourdieu and his followers, who have offered insights but little systemic investigation of the organization of the pure pole, whereas it plays a key conceptual role in the sociology of literature and, indeed, in the Bourdieusian framework

Prototype, concurrence et marché : le marché des concerts de musique ancienne

Abstract: En se fondant sur le cas particulier du marche des concerts de musique ancienne, l’article propose l’analyse d’un marche de prototypes. Il commence par presenter une definition ideale-typique du prototype et met en evidence, a l’aune de cette definition, le caractere prototypique des concerts de musique ancienne. Il montre ensuite comment le marche des concerts et ses principales formes de commercialisation (la mise en place d’une economie de tournee) repose sur des mecanismes concurrentiels et des logiques d’echange qui varient selon que les transactions s’effectuent entre partenaires recurrents ou entre partenaires ponctuels.

Production, convention et pouvoir : la construction du son des orchestres de musique ancienne

Abstract: L’objet de l’article est de rendre compte des mecanismes qui concourent a la production du son d’un orchestre de musique ancienne, et de faire ainsi retour sur la notion de convention telle qu’elle est developpee par Howard Becker. Le son de l’orchestre depend de principes incorpores dans les choses (les instruments de musique, les partitions) et dans les corps (les techniques du corps mobilisees par les musiciens). Le partage de principes d’interpretations acquis en amont de la situation de travail ne suffit cependant pas a assurer la coordination in situ des musiciens, lors du travail collectif de l’orchestre. Les observations realisees montrent ainsi que les interactions de face a face pendant le travail de l’orchestre constituent un facteur decisif pour la coordination des actions des musiciens. Le role reconnu aux interactions de face a face permet par ailleurs de souligner la pregnance des rapports de pouvoir, omnipresents et en perpetuelle recomposition, dans les situations de production.

Economy and Society

Abstract: The four Visegrad states — Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia (until 1993 Czechoslovakia) and Hungary — form a compact area between Germany and Austria in the west and the states of the former USSR in the east. They are bounded by the Baltic in the north and the Danube river in the south. They are cut by the Sudeten and Carpathian mountain ranges, which divide Poland off from the other states. Poland is an extension of the North European plain and like the latter is drained by rivers that flow from south to north west — the Oder, the Vlatava and the Elbe, the Vistula and the Bug. The Danube is the great exception, flowing from its source eastward, turning through two 90-degree turns to end up in the Black Sea, forming the barrier and often the political frontier between central Europe and the Balkans. Hungary to the east of the Danube is also an open plain. The region is historically and culturally part of western Europe, but its eastern Marches now represents a vital strategic zone between Germany and the core of the European Union to the west and the Russian zone to the east.

Outsiders Studies in the Sociology of Deviance.

Abstract: This 1966 paperback edition of a publication which first appeared in 1963 has by now been widely reviewed as a worthy contribution to the sociological study of deviant behavior. Its current appearance as a paperback is a testimonial both to the quality of the work and to the prominence of deviant behavior in this generation. In general the author places deviance in perspective, identifies types of deviant behavior, considers the role of rule makers and enforcers, and some of the problems in studying deviance. In addition, he develops a sequential model of deviance relying on the concept of career, a concept originally developed in studies of occupations. In his study of a particular kind of deviance, the use of marihuana, the author posits and tests systematically an hypothesis about the genesis of marihuana use for pleasure. The hypothesis traces the sequence of changes in individual attitude

How Do Fields Change? The Interrelations of Institutions, Networks, and Cognition in the Dynamics of Markets

Abstract: Sociological approaches to the economy identify three types of social structures relevant for the explanation of economic outcomes: social networks, institutions, and cognitive frames. This article contributes to the development of a framework which aims at an integrated perspective on the social structuring of markets and their dynamics. Based on the field concept, the article discusses the interrelations between the three types of structures as a source of the dynamics of markets. Bringing the complex and possibly contradictory character of the different social structures to the center of attention highlights spaces for innovation which are anchored in the social organization of markets but remain obscure in approaches that focus on only one of the structures. The simultaneous inclusion of social networks, institutions, and cognitive frames makes it possible to address how actors employ resources gained from one of these structures in the field to reconfigure other parts of the social structure in a way...

Économie et société

Abstract: L'ouvrage phare du pere de la sociologie allemande comporte ses concepts cles : la methode des ideaux-types, les formes de domination, la rationalisation de la societe. Une oeuvre marquante pour la discipline...

Le capital social

Abstract: La notion de capital social est liee a celle de personnalite morale des societes. Malgre les critiques qui ont pu lui etre adressees et les defauts qui peuvent etre releves, cette notion est essentielle en droit des societes et son importance doit etre affirmee. Un point semble acquis en fonction des reformes recentes, ce n'est plus un instrument de controle de la societe (le droit de vote n'est plus uniquement fonction de la possession d'actions). Lui attribuer ce role n'entrainerait que deception et critiques. En revanche, le capital social est un instrument fondamental en matiere de financement de l'activite sociale; il faut en ce sens l'envisager de maniere extensive (cela vise la possible inclusion des apports en industrie, et le regime de ce que l'on peut appeler quasi-capital). Il a aussi un role a jouer comme instrument de protection des creanciers (non comme gage direct, mais comme garantie indirecte), grace aux principes de fixite et d'intangibilite, qu'il faut cependant redefinir clairement : et dans une moindre mesure comme instrument de protection des associes par le role d'ecran qu'il joue parfois. En conclusion, la reflexion aboutit a affirmer la necessite du capital social, et lui organiser un reel statut juridique, notamment par une redefinition des regles qui le caracterisent.