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Pierre J. Carreau

Bio: Pierre J. Carreau is an academic researcher from École Polytechnique de Montréal. The author has contributed to research in topics: Rheology & Viscoelasticity. The author has an hindex of 60, co-authored 305 publications receiving 11886 citations. Previous affiliations of Pierre J. Carreau include University of Western Brittany & École Normale Supérieure.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Mar 1972
TL;DR: In this paper, two rheological models are proposed by assuming two different mechanisms for the effect of the rate of strain on the kinetics of the network and experimental data on three fluids (representative of eight viscoelastic fluids) are used to test the models in various flow situations.
Abstract: Lodge's molecular network theories are quite successful in describing the linear viscoelastic behavior of polymer solutions and melts, but cannot account for the rate‐of‐strain dependence of various material functions By allowing the junction‐creation rate and the probability of loss of junctions to depend on the second invariant of the rate‐of‐strain tensor, more realistic constitutive equations were obtained Two rheological models are proposed by assuming two different mechanisms for the effect of the rate of strain on the kinetics of the network The experimental data on three fluids (representative of eight viscoelastic fluids) are used to test the models in various flow situations For steady simple shearing and small‐amplitude, sinusoidal simple shearing, both model A and model B are capable of fitting the four functions η, −(τ11−τ22), η′, and G′ rather well over many decades of shear rate or frequency For suddenly changing flow experiments model A is inadequate Model B however appears to be the

1,270 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article compares the syntheses/processing-morphology-properties interrelationships in PLA-based blends developed so far for various applications and considers favorably for biomedical applications and as the most promising substitute for petroleum-based polymers in a wide range of commodity and engineering applications.

407 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study suggests that hydrophobic interactions and reduced solubility are the main driving force for chitosan gelation at high temperature in the presence of beta-GP.

282 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, three different chain extenders: polycarbodiimide (PCDI), tris (nonyl phenyl) phosphite (TNPP) and Joncryl® ADR 4368, were incorporated into PLA and PLA-based nanocomposites containing 2-wt% clay (Cloisite® 30B) in an effort to control thermal degradation.

243 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Apr 1988-Nature
TL;DR: In this paper, a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) is presented.
Abstract: Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

9,929 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Chitin is the second most important natural polymer in the world as mentioned in this paper, and the main sources of chitin are two marine crustaceans, shrimp and crabs, which are used for food, cosmetics, biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.

6,365 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the current understanding of carbon nanotubes and CNT/polymer nanocomposites with two particular topics: (i) the principles and techniques for CNT dispersion and functionalization and (ii) the effects of CNT-based functionalization on the properties of polymers.
Abstract: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) hold the promise of delivering exceptional mechanical properties and multi-functional characteristics. Ever-increasing interest in applying CNTs in many different fields has led to continued efforts to develop dispersion and functionalization techniques. To employ CNTs as effective reinforcement in polymer nanocomposites, proper dispersion and appropriate interfacial adhesion between the CNTs and polymer matrix have to be guaranteed. This paper reviews the current understanding of CNTs and CNT/polymer nanocomposites with two particular topics: (i) the principles and techniques for CNT dispersion and functionalization and (ii) the effects of CNT dispersion and functionalization on the properties of CNT/polymer nanocomposites. The fabrication techniques and potential applications of CNT/polymer nanocomposites are also highlighted.

2,849 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review discusses the various attempts reported on solving this problem from the point of view of the chemistry and the structure of these polymers highlighting the drawbacks and advantages of each method and proposes that based on considerations of structure-property relations, it is possible to obtain chitin fibers with improved strength by making use of their nanostructures and/or mesophase properties of chitins.

2,278 citations

Book
01 Jan 1993
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a theory which goes beyond the classical formulation of thermodynamics by enlarging the space of basic independent variables, through the introduction of non-equilibrium variables, such as the dissipative fluxes appearing in the balance equations.
Abstract: Our aim is to propose a theory which goes beyond the classical formulation of thermodynamics. This is achieved by enlarging the space of basic independent variables, through the introduction of non-equilibrium variables, such as the dissipative fluxes appearing in the balance equations. The next step is to find evolution equations for the dissipative fluxes. Whereas the evolution equations for the classical variables are given by the usual balance laws, no general criteria exist concerning the evolution equations of the dissipative fluxes, with the exception of the restrictions imposed on them by the second law of thermodynamics.

1,739 citations