Introduction Part I. Race, Security, and Cold War Humanitarianism: 1. Bipolar (dis)order Part II. The Global Humanitarian Regime at Arms: 2. Through a glass darkly 3. Mission impossible 4. Back to the future in Indochina 5. 'Solidarity is might!' Part III. Global Health, Development, and Labor Migration: 6. Know your body and build socialism 7. The time machine 'development' 8. Far away, so close 9. Things fall apart Conclusion.

Cold War Germany, the Third World, and the Global Humanitarian Regime

This thesis traces the mobilization of Canadian associations helping refugees during the Second World War. The study of this collective mobilization - the refuge - sheds light on Canada's willingness to help in the face of the dangers and persecutions threatening refugees between December 1938 and October 1945. Based on the sources of the two main refugee actors in the refuge - the Canadian National Committee on Refugees (CNCR) and the committees of the Canadian Jewish Congress (CJC) - the thesis provides an intermediate perspective on Canadian assistance and reception throughout the conflict, between the history of migration policy and the study of population movements. By following the rhythm of the refuge, the thesis retraces the complex structure of collective mobilization made up of about ten organizations opposed by ideological, political and territorial rivalries. By pulling the threads out of this "associative knot bag", the study of the refuge highlights the categorization of the refugee in a Canada that does not distinguish them from traditional migrants. Faced with the government's refusal to admit refugees to Canada, collective mobilization does not remain isolated from the rest of the Canadian population and seeks its support to open Canada's borders to persecuted people. The shelter then developed two propaganda messages reflecting internal collaboration in collective mobilization, notably between the CJC's fundraising committee - the United Jewish Refugee and Relief Agencies - and the CNCR. Faced with the restrictive policy of the Canadian government, the shelter develops remote relief, participating in humanitarian aid carried out by American organizations, and determines an assistance strategy based on discretion. Its purpose is to bypass Canadian migration rules and prepare for the reception of potential refugees. The arrival of the refugees then appears as the highest point of the refuge.

Sauver les plus irremplaçables ? Une histoire du refuge canadien par les associations pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale

Refugee spaces are emerging as quintessential geographies of the modern, yet their intimate and everyday spatialities remain under-explored. Rendered largely through geopolitical discourses, they are seen as biopolitical spaces where the sovereign can reduce the subject to bare life. In conceptualizing refugee spaces some scholars have argued that, although many camps grow and develop over time, they evolve their own unique form of urbanism that is still un-urban. This article challenges this idea of the camp as space of pure biopolitics and explores the politics of space in the refugee camp using urban debates. Using case studies from the Middle East and South Asia, it looks at how the refugee spaces developed and became informalized, and how people recovered their agency through ‘producing spaces’ both physically and politically. In doing so, it draws connections between refugee camps and other spaces of urban marginality, and suggests that refugee spaces can be seen as important sites for articulating new politics.

Urbanizing refuge: interrogating spaces of displacement

Criminalizing Space: Ideological and Institutional Productions of Race, Gender, and State-sanctioned Violence in Houston, 1948-1967

Matters of war and violence continue to prove seductive foci for geographical analysis, whereas the concept of peace has remained undertheorized, more often constructed in negative terms as the absence of violence. This article responds to calls within the academy and beyond for a more critical look at the geographies of peace, through an examination of everyday peace between “Hindu traders” and “Muslim weavers” in urban north India. Building on qualitative field research conducted between 2006 and 2008 in the silk sari industry in eastern Uttar Pradesh, the primary focus is on the lived realities of Muslim weaver subalterns. It shows how everyday peace is socially produced and reproduced through the interactive work of practice and narrative, which is embedded within a particular cultural political economy and intimately linked to local structures of power and politics. In the context of these intercommunity work relations, peace can be conceptualized as a by-product of interdependent economic relations,...

Reproducing Everyday Peace in North India: Process, Politics, and Power

Preface: Key Themes, Concepts and Rationale P.Panayi & P.Virdee PART I: INTRODUCTION Imperial Collapse and the Creation of Refugees in Twentieth Century Europe P.Panayi The End of European Colonial Empires and Forced Migration: Some Comparative Case Studies I.Talbot The Tragedy of the Rimlands, Nation-state Formation and the Destruction of Imperial Peoples, 1912-1948 M.Levene PART II: IMPERIAL COLLAPSE IN EUROPE AND THE MIDDLE EAST Fantasies of Ethnic Unmixing: 'Population Transfer' and the End of Empire in Europe M.Frank Displacing Empire: Refugee Welfare, National Activism and State Legitimacy in Austria-Hungary in World War One J.Thorpe Armenian Women Refugees at the End of Empire: Strategies of Survival V.Rowe Social Cohesion in an Impermanent Landscape: Dispossession and Forced Migration in the Arab Middle East D.Chatty PART III: THE CONSEQUENCES AND LEGACY OF BRITISH IMPERIAL COLLAPSE Dissident Memories: Exploring Bengali Refugee Narratives in the Andaman Islands U.Sen Escape from Violence: The 1947 Partition of India and Migration: The Experience of Kashmiri Muslim Refugees I.Chatta 'No Home but in Memory': The Legacies of Colonial Rule in the Punjab P.Virdee 'Green for Come': Moving to York as a Ugandan Asian Refugee E.Robertson PART IV: CONCLUSION Conclusion and Legacies P.Panayi & P.Virdee Bibliography

Refugees and the end of empire : imperial collapse and forced migration in the twentieth century

Remembering partition: women, oral histories and the Partition of 1947

This book revisits the partition of the British Indian province of Punjab, its attendant violence and, as a consequence, the divided and dislocated Punjabi lives. Navigating nostalgia and trauma, dreams and laments, identity(s) and homeland(s), it explores the partition of the very idea of Punjabiyat. It was Punjab (along with Bengal) that was divided to create the new nations of India and Pakistan. In subsequent years, religious and linguistic sub-divisions followed - arguably, no other region of the sub-continent has had its linguistic and ethnic history submerged within respective national and religious identity(s). None paid the price of partition like the pluralistic, pre-partition Punjab. This work analyses the dissonance, distortion and dilution witnessed by Punjab and presents a detailed narrative of its past.

From the Ashes of 1947: Reimagining Punjab

Violent Belongings: Partition, Gender, and National Culture in Postcolonial India

In the history of Partition women have been long overlooked, often forced to hide in the shadows of their male counterparts. There are now a number of key works that have focused on the role of women, but these have largely focused on women's experiences in India. Sixty years on and we know little about Muslim women and their experiences of migration and resettlement in West Punjab, Pakistan. In an attempt to trace the experiences of the Muslim women, this article will explore their history by examining official documents, newspaper accounts and women's own testimonies. It attempts to understand how this silent history is documented from these various sources.

Pippa Virdee

Papers

Refugees and the end of empire : imperial collapse and forced migration in the twentieth century

Remembering partition: women, oral histories and the Partition of 1947

From the Ashes of 1947: Reimagining Punjab

Violent Belongings: Partition, Gender, and National Culture in Postcolonial India

Negotiating the Past: Journey Through Muslim Women's Experience of Partition and Resettlement in Pakistan