Activation of peroxymonosulfate with CuCo2O4@kaolin for the efficient degradation of phenacetin

In modern aerospace, nuclear energy, electric power and other high-tech industries, increasingly more requirements are put forward for the enhanced performance and functionality of lubricating materials. In recent years, intelligent lubricating materials and structures with properties on demand and bionic functions by imitating the life system have aroused great interest. The trigger and feedback behaviors of functional ingredients endow intelligent materials with the ability of controllable lubrication. However, there is still a lack of a review that outlines these encouraging results. In this review, the category and lubrication mechanism of the widely used solid lubricants are summarized, and then the novel intelligent lubricating technologies with micro/nanocontainers are comprehensively introduced, including the materials, sizes and synthetic methods of micro/nanocontainers. The stimuli-responsive behaviors and tribological properties of intelligent composites storing liquid lubricants are discussed. On the basis of four kinds of dual functional lubricating materials, the reported preparation strategies and the achieved performance are introduced, and potential functionalization methods are also presented. Finally, the review ends with a brief summary and some future perspectives.

Intelligent lubricating materials: A review

Advances in fluorescent and colorimetric sensors for anionic species

Chemical Sensors Based on Cucurbit[n]uril Macrocycles

Insights into the Influence of ZrO2 Crystal Structures on Methyl Laurate Hydrogenation over Co/ZrO2 Catalysts

The Ni/Co-natural clay catalysts have been prepared for the conversion of algae oil into diesel-grade hydrocarbons. Methyl oleate was used as a model compound for the present study. Ni/clay catalyst promotes decarboxylation/decarbonylation, whereas remarkable selectivity in hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is achieved with Co/clay catalysts. Powder XRD and DRS studies of substrate mixed catalysts reveal a more prominent adsorption of substrate molecules over the Ni surface, which results in low HDO selectivity of nickel catalysts by surpassing the essential contribution of acidic sites. The HDO process provides higher carbon atom economy and energy value over decarboxylation/decarbonylation, while further reducing the formation of greenhouse gases such as CO2 and CH4. Total yield of saturated hydrocarbons from algae oil was 84–86 wt % with similar selectivity. The HDO rates of different fatty acids present in algae oil were independent of the fatty acid chain length. The catalysts are cost-effective and recyclabl...

Ni/Co-Natural Clay as Green Catalysts for Microalgae Oil to Diesel-Grade Hydrocarbons Conversion

Highly selective Co3O4/silica-alumina catalytic system for deoxygenation of triglyceride-based feedstock

In this study, a series of mineral and organic acids are introduced to natural clay modification. Several analytical techniques are employed to identify the physical and chemical changes in clay. The effect of surfactants on these properties is also investigated. The samples are prepared using simple acid treatment without filtration. The alteration in surface morphology is proportional to the acid strength as evident from SEM and XRD analyses. Therefore, the treatment with mineral acid and organic acid/HNO3 results in the formation of new layers by surface modification as depicted in SEM images, and a higher degree of suppression in characteristic XRD reflections of clay is noticed. However, the treatment with organic acids modifies the existing interlayer spacing of clay, and therefore, the XRD characteristic reflections of clay are less affected. These observations are also supported by FT-IR analysis. The surface area of modified clay is dependent on the acid strength, composition and size of counter-anion of acid. An increase in surface area and porosity is noticed after surfactant modification of HNO3-treated clay, where the change is more prominent at the concentration higher than their respective critical micelle concentration. Thermal stability is dependent on the chemical composition and surface area of clay materials. A relatively higher absorbance is observed for modified clay materials compared with untreated clay during DRS analysis. The catalytic efficiency of modified clay materials in Eriochrome Black T degradation has been demonstrated.

On the investigation of acid and surfactant modification of natural clay for photocatalytic water remediation

The current study reveals the synthesis of polymer appended Calix[4]amidocrown-5 with specific binding affinity for iodide at ppm-level. The low detection limits are observed via UV-vis and fluores...

Macroscopic recognition of iodide by polymer appended calix[4]amidocrown resin

This study comprises the design and development of calix[4] arene-amido-based ionophores by varying structural stringency and steric hindrance at the lower rim to probe the anion sensing properties. The ionophores are prepared, purified, and characterized using various analytical techniques. The molecular structure of the most active ionophore I is established by single-crystal X-ray characterisation. Out of various anions investigated, iodide and cyanide show the highest sensitivity towards the ionophores investigated. Both anions are sensitive enough to give a visibly distinct color change. The binding properties of the ionophores are established with 1H & 127I NMR, fluorescence, and UV-vis spectroscopy, revealing that three ionophores strongly interact with CN− and I−. The binding constants are calculated via Benesi–Hildebrand plots using absorption data. The time-dependent 1H NMR revealed strong hydrogen bonding between the OH and NH groups of the ionophore and cyanide anion. The 127I NMR shows the highest 27.6 ppm shift after 6 h for ionophore I. The crystal structure revealed hydrogen bonding of N–H protons of the amide pendulum and phenolic oxygen of the calix rim. The Job's plot depicted the possibility of a 1 : 1 complex of ionophores with both anions.

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Pragati R. Sharma

Papers

Ni/Co-Natural Clay as Green Catalysts for Microalgae Oil to Diesel-Grade Hydrocarbons Conversion

Highly selective Co3O4/silica-alumina catalytic system for deoxygenation of triglyceride-based feedstock

On the investigation of acid and surfactant modification of natural clay for photocatalytic water remediation

Macroscopic recognition of iodide by polymer appended calix[4]amidocrown resin

Calix[4]amido crown functionalized visible sensors for cyanide and iodide anions