Prashant Kumar

Bio: Prashant Kumar is an academic researcher from University of Surrey. The author has contributed to research in topics: Air quality index & Medicine. The author has an hindex of 54, co-authored 363 publications receiving 11561 citations. Previous affiliations of Prashant Kumar include Southeast University & Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Jalandhar.

Prediction of particulate matter concentration profile in an opencast copper mine in India using an artificial neural network model

Abstract: Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Particulate matter (PM) is a major pollutant in and around opencast mine areas. The problem of degradation of air quality due to opencast mine is more severe than those in underground mine. Prediction of dust concentration must be known to implement control strategies and techniques to control air quality degradation in the workplace environment. Limited studies have reported the dispersion profile and travel time of PM between the benches inside the mine. In this paper, PM concentration has been measured and modeled in Malanjkhand Copper Project (MCP), which is one of the deepest opencast copper mines in India. Meteorological parameters (wind speed, temperature, relative humidity) and PM concentration in seven size ranges (i.e., PM 0.23–0.3 , PM 0.3–0.4 , PM 0.4–0.5 , PM 0.5–0.65 , PM 0.65–0.8 , PM 0.8–1 , and PM 1–1.6 ) have been measured for 8 days. The results of the field study provide an understanding of the dispersion of the PM generated due to mining activities. This research work presents an approach to assess the exposure of enhanced level of PM concentration on mine workers and its variation with depth. The correlations study shows that concentration of PM during its travel from source to surface is associated with depth. Empirical equations are developed to represent relationships between concentrations of PM and depth. Artificial neural network (ANN) model showing the relationship between PM concentration and meteorological parameters has been developed. The performance of the ANN model is evaluated in terms of the correlation coefficient between the real and the forecasted data. The results show strong agreement between the experimental data and the modeled output. The findings of this work are important in understanding fine PM variation inside the mine at the workplace and the associated exposure of mine workers.

A techno-commercial review on grid connected photovoltaic system

Abstract: Owing to rapid depletion of fossil fuels and environmental hazard, different non-conventional sources of energy like wind, geothermal, nuclear, photovoltaic etc, have been taken into consideration for power generation. Environmental familiarness, reduced installation cost, improved power quality, abundant availability of source makes photovoltaic based distributed generation as one of the most popular alternative source of energy production. Improvement in power electronics technology makes synchronization of PV system with grid more viable. Power output from the PV module changes continuously with time depending upon the climatic condition. In order to get maximum output from the PV system different types of MPPT algorithm present in literature are studied and improvement proposed are described in this paper. Furthermore, different types of inverter topologies along with different grid synchronization technique and PWM topologies used to connect the PV system with the 3-phase AC grid are presented. In order to minimize the harmonic content of the inverter output, different types of filters used are presented in the proceeding section. Nextly different commonly used advanced islanding detection techniques for the safety purpose of PV based distribution generation system have been addressed and based on advantages and limitation of anti-islanding techniques, a comparison table has been presented. Afterward based on parameters like input, output voltage & current, MPP range, used standards etc, a comparison table between different commercially available grid tied PV inverters are presented in this paper. Finally, drawbacks of the prevailing grid connected PV system have been discussed.

Characterization of five-year observation data of fine particulate matter in the metropolitan area of Lahore.

Abstract: This study aims to assess the long-term trend of fine particles (PM2.5; ≤2.5 μm) at two urban sites of Lahore during 2007-2011. These sites represent two distinct areas: commercial (Townhall) and residential cum industrial (Township). The highest daily mean concentrations of PM2.5 were noted as 389 μg m–3 and 354 μg m–3 at the Townhall and Township sites, respectively. As expected, the annual seasonal mean of PM2.5 was about 53% and 101% higher during winter compared with the summer and monsoon/post-monsoon seasons, respectively. On contrary to many observations seen in developing cities, the annual mean PM2.5 during the weekends was higher than weekdays at both monitoring sites. For example, these were 100 (142) μg m–3 and 142 (148) μg m–3 during the weekdays (weekends) at the Townhall and Township sites, respectively. The regression analysis showed a significant positive correlation of PM2.5 with SO2, NO2, and CO as opposed to a negative correlation with O3. The bivariate polar plots suggested a much higher influence of localised sources (e.g., road vehicles) at the Townhall site as opposed to industrial sources affecting the concentrations at the Township site. The imageries from the MODIS Aqua/Terra indicated long-range transport of PM2.5 from India to Pakistan during February to October whereas from Pakistan to India during November to January. This study provides important results in the form of multi-scale relationship of PM2.5 with its sources and precursors, which are important to assess the effectiveness of pollution control mitigation strategies in Lahore and similar cities elsewhere.

Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis.

Abstract: Cause, conseguenze e strategie di mitigazione Proponiamo il primo di una serie di articoli in cui affronteremo l’attuale problema dei mutamenti climatici. Presentiamo il documento redatto, votato e pubblicato dall’Ipcc - Comitato intergovernativo sui cambiamenti climatici - che illustra la sintesi delle ricerche svolte su questo tema rilevante.

2019 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes.

Abstract: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a pathological process characterized by atherosclerotic plaque accumulation in the epicardial arteries, whether obstructive or non-obstructive. This process can be modified by lifestyle adjustments, pharmacological therapies, and invasive interventions designed to achieve disease stabilization or regression. The disease can have long, stable periods but can also become unstable at any time, typically due to an acute atherothrombotic event caused by plaque rupture or erosion. However, the disease is chronic, most often progressive, and hence serious, even in clinically apparently silent periods. The dynamic nature of the CAD process results in various clinical presentations, which can be conveniently categorized as either acute coronary syndromes (ACS) or chronic coronary syndromes (CCS). The Guidelines presented here refer to the management of patients with CCS. The natural history of CCS is illustrated in Figure 1.

Climate change 2014 - Mitigation of climate change

Abstract: The talk with present the key results of the IPCC Working Group III 5th assessment report. Concluding four years of intense scientific collaboration by hundreds of authors from around the world, the report responds to the request of the world's governments for a comprehensive, objective and policy neutral assessment of the current scientific knowledge on mitigating climate change. The report has been extensively reviewed by experts and governments to ensure quality and comprehensiveness.