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Pratap Challa

Bio: Pratap Challa is an academic researcher from Duke University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Glaucoma & Intraocular pressure. The author has an hindex of 32, co-authored 109 publications receiving 2968 citations. Previous affiliations of Pratap Challa include University of Erlangen-Nuremberg & Durham University.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A potential role for cellular senescence in the pathophysiology of the outflow pathway of primary open angle glaucoma is suggested.

165 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate the hypothesis that low health literacy is associated with poor glaucoma medication adherence and propose interventions specifically targeting patients with low literacy may improve medication adherence.

150 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: Comparative analysis between control and POAG tissues suggests that the upregulation of inflammation-associated genes might be involved in the progression of glaucoma.
Abstract: Purpose To contrast genome-wide gene expression profiles of cultured human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells to that of control and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) HTM tissues. Methods Cultured HTM cells, HTM tissue dissected from control donors, and HTM tissue from POAG donors receiving medication for glaucoma were fixed in RNA latertrade mark. Total RNA extracted from these samples was linearly amplified with the Ovation Biotin RNA Amplification and Labeling System and individually hybridized to Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 high density microarrays. Data analysis was performed using GeneSpring Software 7.0. Selected genes showing significant differential expression were validated by quantitative real-time PCR in nonamplified RNA. Results Cultured HTM cells retained the expression of some genes characteristic of HTM tissue, including chitinase 3-like 1 and matrix Gla protein, but demonstrated downregulation of physiologically important genes such as myocilin. POAG HTM tissue showed relatively small changes compared to that of control donors. These changes included the statistically significant upregulation of several genes associated with inflammation and acute-phase response, including selectin-E (ELAM-I), as well as the downregulation of the antioxidants paraoxonase 3 and ceruloplasmin. Conclusions Downregulation in cultured HTM cells of genes potentially relevant for outflow pathway function highlights the importance of developing new conditions for the culture of TM cells capable of preserving the characteristics of TM cells in vivo. Comparative analysis between control and POAG tissues suggests that the upregulation of inflammation-associated genes might be involved in the progression of glaucoma.

117 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that clinicians closely monitor patients after intravitreal triamcinolone injections for the development of acute glaucoma and it may be advisable to perform gonioscopic examinations to look for any abnormal accumulation of material in the angle.

117 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was found that the majority of extracellular vesicles in the AH were in the exosome size range, suggesting that miRNAs housed within exosomes may function in communication between AH inflow and outflow tissues.

114 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Low health literacy was consistently associated with more hospitalizations; greater use of emergency care; lower receipt of mammography screening and influenza vaccine; poorer ability to demonstrate taking medications appropriately; poorer able to interpret labels and health messages; and, among elderly persons, poorer overall health status and higher mortality rates.
Abstract: Health literacy has been associated with health-related knowledge and patient comprehension. This systematic review updates a 2004 review and found 96 eligible studies that suggest that low health ...

3,457 citations

01 May 2005

2,648 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In cancer and during active tissue repair, pro-senescent therapies contribute to minimize the damage by limiting proliferation and fibrosis, respectively, and antisenescent therapies may help to eliminate accumulated senescent cells and to recover tissue function.
Abstract: Recent discoveries are redefining our view of cellular senescence as a trigger of tissue remodelling that acts during normal embryonic development and upon tissue damage. To achieve this, senescent cells arrest their own proliferation, recruit phagocytic immune cells and promote tissue renewal. This sequence of events - senescence, followed by clearance and then regeneration - may not be efficiently completed in aged tissues or in pathological contexts, thereby resulting in the accumulation of senescent cells. Increasing evidence indicates that both pro-senescent therapies and antisenescent therapies can be beneficial. In cancer and during active tissue repair, pro-senescent therapies contribute to minimize the damage by limiting proliferation and fibrosis, respectively. Conversely, antisenescent therapies may help to eliminate accumulated senescent cells and to recover tissue function.

1,830 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Current progress and challenges in understanding the stressors that induce senescence in vivo, the cell types that are prone to senesce, and the autocrine and paracrine properties of senescent cells in the contexts of aging and age-related diseases as well as disease therapy are discussed.
Abstract: Cellular senescence, a process that imposes permanent proliferative arrest on cells in response to various stressors, has emerged as a potentially important contributor to aging and age-related disease, and it is an attractive target for therapeutic exploitation. A wealth of information about senescence in cultured cells has been acquired over the past half century; however, senescence in living organisms is poorly understood, largely because of technical limitations relating to the identification and characterization of senescent cells in tissues and organs. Furthermore, newly recognized beneficial signaling functions of senescence suggest that indiscriminately targeting senescent cells or modulating their secretome for anti-aging therapy may have negative consequences. Here we discuss current progress and challenges in understanding the stressors that induce senescence in vivo, the cell types that are prone to senesce, and the autocrine and paracrine properties of senescent cells in the contexts of aging and age-related diseases as well as disease therapy.

1,282 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Current developments in the field of ophthalmic drug delivery promise a significant improvement in overcoming the challenges posed by various anterior and posterior segment diseases.
Abstract: Ocular drug delivery has been a major challenge to pharmacologists and drug delivery scientists due to its unique anatomy and physiology. Static barriers (different layers of cornea, sclera, and retina including blood aqueous and blood–retinal barriers), dynamic barriers (choroidal and conjunctival blood flow, lymphatic clearance, and tear dilution), and efflux pumps in conjunction pose a significant challenge for delivery of a drug alone or in a dosage form, especially to the posterior segment. Identification of influx transporters on various ocular tissues and designing a transporter-targeted delivery of a parent drug has gathered momentum in recent years. Parallelly, colloidal dosage forms such as nanoparticles, nanomicelles, liposomes, and microemulsions have been widely explored to overcome various static and dynamic barriers. Novel drug delivery strategies such as bioadhesive gels and fibrin sealant-based approaches were developed to sustain drug levels at the target site. Designing noninvasive sustained drug delivery systems and exploring the feasibility of topical application to deliver drugs to the posterior segment may drastically improve drug delivery in the years to come. Current developments in the field of ophthalmic drug delivery promise a significant improvement in overcoming the challenges posed by various anterior and posterior segment diseases.

1,020 citations