An ordinary optical fiber ultra-high temperature sensor based on infrared radiation with the advantages of simple structure and compact is presented. The sensing system consists of a detection fiber and a common transmission fiber. The detector fiber is formed by annealing a piece of ordinary fiber at high temperature twice, which changes the properties of the fiber and breaks the temperature limit of ordinary fiber. The transmission fiber is a bending insensitive optical fiber. A static calibration system was set up to determine the performance of the sensor and three heating experiments were carried out. The temperature response sensitivities were 0.010 dBm/K, 0.009 dBm/K and 0.010 dBm/K, respectively, which indicate that the sensor has good repeatability. The sensor can withstand a high temperature of 1823 K for 58 h with an error of less than 1%. The main reason why the developed ordinary optical fiber sensor can work steadily for a long time at high temperature is the formation of β-cristobalite, which is stable at high-temperature.

Ordinary Optical Fiber Sensor for Ultra-High Temperature Measurement Based on Infrared Radiation

SOI CMOS technology was developed for extended high temperature (HT) range applications (to 300 °C). MOSFETs come in two options: for digital applications with minimum gate length 0.18 µm and 1.8 V supply voltage and for analog applications with minimum gate length 0.5 µm and 5 V supply. Results of electrical characteristics measurement are demonstrated, analyzed, and compared for SOI MOSFETs of both options. A modified SOI MOSFET compact model is developed for extended temperature range up to 300°C to provide the possibility of HT SOI CMOS circuit simulation with SPICE.

High temperature submicron SOI CMOS technology characterization for analog and digital applications up to 300°C

Carbon nanotube (CNT) is one of the embryonic technologies within recent inventions towards miniaturization of semiconductor devices and is gaining much attention due to very high throughput and very extensive series of applications in various analog/mixed signal applications of today’s high-speed era. The carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNFETs) have been reconnoitred as the stimulating aspirant for the future generations of integrated circuit (IC) devices. CNFETs are being widely deliberated as probable replacement to silicon MOSFETs also. In this paper, different analog signal processing applications such as inverting amplifier, noninverting amplifier, summer, subtractor, differentiator, integrator, half-wave and full-wave rectifiers, clipper, clamper, inverting and noninverting comparators, peak detector, and zero crossing detector are implemented using low-power folded cascode operational amplifier (op-amp) implemented using CNFET. The proposed CNFET-based analog signal processing applications are instigated at 32 nm technology node. Simulation results show that the proposed applications are properly implemented using novel folded cascode operational amplifier (FCOA) implemented using CNFET.

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Design of Analog Signal Processing Applications Using Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor-Based Low-Power Folded Cascode Operational Amplifier

Rising power demands in more electrical aircraft (MEA) put power converters for commercial airplanes under increasing pressure to fulfill current harmonic distortion regulations as specified, for example, in DO-160G. Today, the implementation of filters is seen as an effective tool for dealing with harmonics; however, their increased weight and volume are not welcomed in the aerospace industry. This paper proposes a circuit, named forced commutation controlled series capacitor (FCSC-rectifier), which is able to maintain low individual harmonic current levels without the need for filter components. The FCSC-rectifier includes a variable capacitive line reactance that interacts in a controlled manner with the inductive line impedance. The result is that the converter input current is nearly purely sinusoidal with a power factor of almost unity. The FCSC-rectifier is to be used for stand-alone variable-voltage, variable-frequency generation systems and can, therefore, power the full authority digital electronic control system (FADEC) in an MEA. This paper shows that the FCSC-rectifier can maintain a high power factor and acceptable current harmonic levels without the use of filters, despite large voltage and frequency variations. A full description of the circuit modes of operation is presented in this paper together with simulation results showing circuit performance characteristics over a range of voltages and frequencies. Results are experimentally verified using a 1-kW test circuit.

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Forced Commutated Controlled Series Capacitor Rectifier for More Electric Aircraft

This paper covers the development and testing of a high temperature mixed signal unit capable of sensing wide dynamic range signals from rotating sensors. This generates an output current proportional to the peak value of the applied input signal from a sensor. The developed unit includes a current peak detector block, a digital pulse generator and ESD protection. The digital data from the unit can be directly utilized by the FADEC (Full Authority Digital Electronic Control) system or the EHMS (Engine Health Monitoring System) on an aeroengine. This mixed signal system was designed and realized on 1 um Silicon-on-Insulator CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) technology and has been shown to function up to 235°Celsius with very high linearity of the output signal.

Design of a frequency signal conditioning unit applied to rotating systems in high temperature aero engine control

This paper covers the development and testing of a high temperature electronics platform for integration with sensor elements to provide digital outputs that can be utilized by the FADEC (Full Authority Digital Electronic Control) system or the EHMS (Engine Health Monitoring System) on an aircraft engine. The developed system includes a reference voltage generator, biasing circuit, signal conditioning for multiple types of sensors, an Analogue to Digital converter, and an ARINC 429 transmitter for communication to the FADEC or EHMS. This system was designed and realized on 1 um Silicon-on-Insulator CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) technology and has been shown to function up to 250 degrees Celsius with low temperature coefficients for the bandgap voltage and reference current.

R. Beigh

Papers

Design of a high temperature signal conditioning ASIC for engine control systems - HIGHTECS

Design of a frequency signal conditioning unit applied to rotating systems in high temperature aero engine control