Internet of Things (IoT) devices are operating in various domains like healthcare environment, smart cities, smart homes, transportation, and smart grid system. These devices transmit a bulk of data through various sensors, actuators, transceivers, or other wearable devices. Data in the IoT environment is susceptible to many threats, attacks, and risks. Therefore, a robust security mechanism is indispensable to cope with attacks, vulnerabilities, security, and privacy challenges related to IoT. In this research, a systematic literature review has been conducted to analyze the security of IoT devices and to provide the countermeasures in response to security problems and challenges by using mobile computing. A comprehensive and in-depth security analysis of IoT devices has been made in light of mobile computing, which is a novel approach. Mobile computing’s technological infrastructures such as smartphones, services, policies, strategies, and applications are employed to tackle and mitigate these potential security threats. In this paper, the security challenges and problems of IoT devices are identified by a systematic literature review. Then, mobile computing has been used to address these challenges by providing potential security measures and solutions. Hardware and software-based solutions furnished by mobile computing towards the IoT security challenges have been elaborated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to analyze the security issues and challenges of IoT in light of mobile computing and it will open a gateway towards future research.

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Security Analysis of IoT Devices by Using Mobile Computing: A Systematic Literature Review

One of the fundamental components of the United Nations’ sustainable development 2030 agenda is quality education. It aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education for all. Digital technologies have emerged as an essential tool to achieve this goal. These technologies are simple to detect emissions sources, prevent additional damage through improved energy efficiency and lower-carbon alternatives to fossil fuels, and even remove surplus greenhouse gases from the environment. Digital technologies strive to decrease or eliminate pollution and waste while increasing production and efficiency. These technologies have shown a powerful impact on the education system. The recent COVID-19 Pandemic has further institutionalised the applications of digital technologies in education. These digital technologies have made a paradigm shift in the entire education system. It is not only a knowledge provider but also a co-creator of information, a mentor, and an assessor. Technological improvements in education have made life easier for students. Instead of using pen and paper, students nowadays use various software and tools to create presentations and projects. When compared to a stack of notebooks, an iPad is relatively light. When opposed to a weighty book, surfing an E-book is easier. These methods aid in increasing interest in research. This paper is brief about the need for digital technologies in education and discusses major applications and challenges in education. 

Understanding the Role of Digital Technologies in Education: A review

In current years, drowsy driver detection is the most necessary procedure to prevent any road accidents, probably worldwide. The aim of this study was to construct a smart alert technique for building intelligent vehicles that can automatically avoid drowsy driver impairment. But drowsiness is a natural phenomenon in the human body that happens due to different factors. Hence, it is required to design a robust alert system to avoid the cause of the mishap. In this proposed paper, we address a drowsy driver alert system that has been developed using such a technique in which the Video Stream Processing (VSP) is analyzed by eye blink concept through an Eye Aspect Ratio (EAR) and Euclidean distance of the eye. Face landmark algorithm is also used as a proper way to eye detection. When the driver’s fatigue is detected, the IoT module issues a warning message along with impact of collision and location information, thereby alerting with the help of a voice speaking through the Raspberry Pi monitoring system.

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IoT-Based Smart Alert System for Drowsy Driver Detection

The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP), released the “OWASP Top 10 Internet of Things 2018” list of the high-priority security vulnerabilities for IoT systems. The diversity of these vulnerabilities poses a great challenge toward development of a robust solution for their detection and mitigation. In this paper, we discuss the relationship between these vulnerabilities and the ones listed by OWASP Top 10 (focused on Web applications rather than IoT systems), how these vulnerabilities can actually be exploited, and in which cases static analysis can help in preventing them. Then, we present an extension of an industrial analyzer (Julia) that already covers five out of the top seven vulnerabilities of OWASP Top 10, and we discuss which IoT Top 10 vulnerabilities might be detected by the existing analyses or their extension. The experimental results present the application of some existing Julia’s analyses and their extension to IoT systems, showing its effectiveness of the analysis of some representative case studies.

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Static analysis for discovering IoT vulnerabilities

Blockchain is a decentralized and distributed public ledgers which holds sensitive and invariant data in an encrypted and secured manner to ensure no mid-way alterations are possible in a transaction, proving user a secure and trustable facility. While cryptocurrency like Bitcoin are major and most popular faces, Blockchain technology has gained a huge momentum recently. Objective of this paper is to layout a detailed survey on blockchain technology, to explain some important terminologies related to Blockchain, to compare IoT and traditional network on the basis of security, compatibility and capacity and to provide an insight on blockchain based IoT and Industrial IoT. Later, the challenges faced while adopting blockchain in IoT and it’s future scopes are discussed.

Unifying Blockchian and IoT:Security Requirements, Challenges, Applications and Future Trends

The IoT expedients are formed on cost-effective devices and wireless communique methods to connect with each other and propel mobile facts to the Unified system. This paper focuses on major safety problems of IoT particularly, stressing the cybercrimes and counter attacks. Number of IoT expedients become a target of cyber-attacks because of deficiency in safety mechanism in IoT expedients. This paper discusses the safety necessities like secrecy, unity, and substantiation etc. This study contains twelve different kinds of attacks , for example, low-graded attacks, average level attacks, great attacks ad particularly high intensity attacks along with their nature or behavior as well as resolutions to cater these attacks are discussed.

An Overview: Security Issue in IoT Network

Increasing prevalence and simplicity of using Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques, Steganography is shifting from conventional model building to AI model building. AI enables computers to learn from their mistakes, adapt to emerging inputs, and carry out human-like activities. Traditional Linguistic Steganographic approaches lack automation, analysis of Cover text and hidden text volume and accuracy. A formal methodology is used in only a few Steganographic approaches. In the vast majority of situations, traditional approaches fail to survive third-party vulnerability. This study looks at evaluation of an AI-based statistical language model for text Steganography. Since the advent of Natural Language Processing (NLP) into the research field, linguistic Steganography has superseded other types of Steganography. This paper proposes the positive aspects of NLP-based Markov chain model for an auto-generative cover text. The embedding rate, volume, and other attributes of Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) Steganographic schemes are contrasted in this article between RNN-Stega and RNN-generated Lyrics, two RNN methods. Here the RNN model follows Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) neural network. The paper also includes a case study on Artificial Intelligence and Information Security, which discusses history, applications, AI challenges, and how AI can help with security threats and vulnerabilities. The final portion is dedicated to the study’s shortcomings, which may be the subject of future research.

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A Novel Approach for Linguistic Steganography Evaluation Based on Artificial Neural Networks

Cloud computing is still a baby having compound eyes with omnidirectional vision. It is slowly embracing all possible sectors and
eLearning technology gaining more benefit out of it. The essential characteristic of cloud computing is easy and timely access
to the required information. Education has seen a lot of changes from the ancient Gurukula stage where students had to go
to the master for a particular period of time to study and to complete their learning. As the time pass by the learning became
central many big educational systems evolved through Schools, Colleges and Universities, to impart knowledge. These learning
centers offered face-to-face learning. Even further blended learning helped student understand, innovate, and implement faster.
With the advent of Learning Management Systems teaching and learning becomes effortless. A distinct stage of development in
the field of LMS is Cloud-based LMS wherein time is not at all a constraint. This paper covers interesting aspects of E-learning-
Cloud/SaaS LMS, different standards pertaining to LMS, and types of LMS. The authors analyze the case studies of MOODLE,
BLACKBOARD and SaaS-based LMS and a comparison of SaaS vs. Installed LMS’s.

Saas explosion leading to a new phase of a learning management system

Business analytics is the advanced technology-driven system with combined efforts of performing various marketing, finance, human resource management, production and operations management functions and maintaining records, classifying, analyzing the data, and preparing report for managerial decision-making. Smart education system is indicated by the education that builds character and ensures the independent working ability. This calls for creating a learning environment wherein all stakeholders are encouraged to improve their knowledge and ability. Sustainable development is one that can avoid a destructive force so that human society can continue its long journey toward perfection. Quality of higher education leads to the overall development of a nation and innovative entrepreneurship ensures the extra value to achieve the goals in a systematic manner. Effective higher education system in India has shown a massive growth which is producing skilled individuals for the growth of Indian Economy. The research methodology consisted of identification of key categories of roles of Business Analytics and subsequently the constituent roles under each category through three iterations Delphi Technique, wherein the Delphi panel consisted 10 experts having diverse background. Taking these inputs and purposeful contemplation on the part of the researcher, the constructs necessary for the questionnaire were formulated. The respondents were asked to rate the level of importance of each question on five-point Likert scales. The study helped to identify the recent trends, requirements, and challenges faced by professionals, especially in Indian Education Institutions when interacting with the roles of Business Analytics in Quality Education and attracting wider stakeholder groups. Majority of the respondents accredited high importance toward role of Business Analytics in Effective Higher Education. A majority of the respondents agreed that the effective higher education is well suited and reflect any organizational performance with benchmark.

R. Gurunath

Papers

An Overview: Security Issue in IoT Network

A Novel Approach for Linguistic Steganography Evaluation Based on Artificial Neural Networks

Saas explosion leading to a new phase of a learning management system

Impact of Business Analytics for Smart Education System and Management Functions

Stumbling Growth of E-Commerce in India