Author
R. H. Burris
Bio: R. H. Burris is an academic researcher from University of Wisconsin-Madison. The author has contributed to research in topics: Nitrogen fixation & Azotobacter. The author has an hindex of 21, co-authored 39 publications receiving 1292 citations.
Topics: Nitrogen fixation, Azotobacter, Nitrogen cycle, Hydrogenase, Root nodule
Papers
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TL;DR: A study of hydrogenase from A. tinelandii in cellfree extracts, its attempted purification, and the properties of the enzyme studied under simplified conditions are reported.
Abstract: Since the discovery of hydrogenase in Azotobacter tinelandii, the enzyme has been studied in whole cells and in cell juices, chiefly with the Knallgas reaction and the reduction of methylene blue (Lee and Wilson, 1943; Lee, Wilson, and Wilson, 1942; Wilson, Lee, and Wilson, 1942; Wilson and Wilson, 1943). This paper reports a study of hydrogenase from A. tinelandii in cellfree extracts, its attempted purification, and the properties of the enzyme studied under simplified conditions. Similar studies have been made recently on the hydrogenases of other bacteria, particularly with Rhodospirillum rubrum and Escherichia coli (Gest, 1952; Joklik, 1950a, b).
118 citations
TL;DR: In the present investigation, a procedure has been worked out for further purification of the enzyme (Qo2 (N) about 50,000) that oxidized glycolic acid, via glyoxylic acid, to formic acid and COZ.
101 citations
98 citations
TL;DR: American Association of Medical Milk Commissions, Inc., Appendix Section 4, adopted June 8, 1937, refers to the "Milk Commissions of 1937".
Abstract: 1 Graham-Smith, G. S., Jour. Hyg., 5, 453 (1905). 2 Brumpt, E., Bull. Soc. Path. Exot., 4, 514 (1911). 3Bruynoghe, R., and Vassiliadis, P. C., Compt. rend. soc. biol., 101, 150 (1929). 4Tyzzer, E. E., and Weinman, D., Am. Jour. Hyg., 30, 141 (1939). Laveran, A., and Marullaz, M., Bull. Soc. Path. Exot., 7, 240 (1914). 6 Noguchi, H., and Battistini, T. S., Jour. Exp. Med., 43, 851 (1926). 7American Association of Medical Milk Commissions, Inc., Appendix Section 4, adopted June 8, 1937.
87 citations
TL;DR: Although the enzyme oxidizing glycolic acid was found in the green parts of many plants, it was absent from roots and etiolated seedlings, but the active enzyme could be obtained from etiolation barley or bean seedlings that had been illuminated for several hours, suggesting that light and perhaps chlorophyll play important roles in activating the enzyme.
71 citations
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TL;DR: Dehydroisomerization of Limonene and Terpenes To Produce Cymene 2481 4.2.1.
Abstract: 3.2.3. Hydroformylation 2467 3.2.4. Dimerization 2468 3.2.5. Oxidative Cleavage and Ozonolysis 2469 3.2.6. Metathesis 2470 4. Terpenes 2472 4.1. Pinene 2472 4.1.1. Isomerization: R-Pinene 2472 4.1.2. Epoxidation of R-Pinene 2475 4.1.3. Isomerization of R-Pinene Oxide 2477 4.1.4. Hydration of R-Pinene: R-Terpineol 2478 4.1.5. Dehydroisomerization 2479 4.2. Limonene 2480 4.2.1. Isomerization 2480 4.2.2. Epoxidation: Limonene Oxide 2480 4.2.3. Isomerization of Limonene Oxide 2481 4.2.4. Dehydroisomerization of Limonene and Terpenes To Produce Cymene 2481
5,127 citations
TL;DR: Highlights in biological nitrogen fixation during the last fifty years are highlighted.
Abstract: Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is the process of the reduction of dinitrogen from the air to ammonia carried out by a large number of species of free-living and symbiotic microbes called diazotrophs. BNF presents an inexpensive and environmentally sound, sustainable approach to crop production and constitutes one of the most important Plant Growth Promotion (PGP) scenarios. Here I will summarize various aspects of BNF, including the dinitrogen reduction catalysed reaction carried out by “nitrogenase” and the enzymes/genes involved and their regulation, the inherent “oxygen paradox” , the identification of diazotrophs, sustainable agricultural uses of BNF, symbiotic plant-diazotroph interactions and endophytic diazotrophs, data from the field, and future prospects in BNF.
1,512 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a Verfahren zur Submerskultur von Knallgasbakterien beschrieben is given, which beruht auf der kraftigen Magnetruhrung der Nahrlosung unter einem Gemisch von H2, O2 and CO2.
Abstract: Es wird ein Verfahren zur Submerskultur von Knallgasbakterien beschrieben. Es beruht auf der kraftigen Magnetruhrung der Nahrlosung unter einem Gemisch von H2, O2 und CO2. Der hohen O2-Empfindlichkeit der Zellen wird durch „Gradientenbegasung” Rechnung getragen. Der fakultativ chemolithotrophe Hydrogenomonas-Stamm 20 wurde bakteriologisch charakterisiert und wachstumsphysiologisch untersucht. Die Generationszeit betragt wahrend der log-Phase 21/6 Std, die scheinbare Verdoppelungszeit 31/5 Std (28° C).
773 citations
TL;DR: It was found that emergence of particular pigmented varieties, to the exclusion of others, can be predicted if the enrichment and isolation procedures follow a set pattern.
Abstract: An interesting case of extreme specificity of enrichment and selective culture procedures has recently been described for methane-utilizing bacteria (Leadbetter and Foster, 1958). Obligate methane-utilizing pseudomonads (Pseudomonas methanica) invariably were obtained from inocula from a great many natural sources. A further degree of specificity within the group was encountered; it was found that emergence of particular pigmented varieties, to the exclusion of others, can be predicted if the enrichment and isolation procedures follow a set pattern. Almost as surprising was the ineffectuality of those procedures in evoking the appearance of nonexacting methane-utilizing bacteria of the type that can also grow at the expense of other hydrocarbon and nonhydrocarbon substrates (Aiyer, 1920; Bokova et al., 1947; Brown and Strawinski, 1957; Hutton and ZoBell, 1949; KaprAlek, 1954; Muinz, 1915; Nechaeva, 1949; Slavnina, 1948; Tausz and Donath, 1930). This paper documents an additional kind of unusual specificity in connection with gaseous hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria. Three significant findings reported are (1) the use of natural gas (in which methane is by far the major component) as a substrate in enrichment cultures led to the isolation of many different ethane-utilizing organisms, but none capable of utilizing methane as the sole hydrocarbon for growth; (2) a majority of the ethane-utilizing bacteria proved to be facultative autotrophs capable of developing at the expense of hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide as the respective sole sources of energy and carbon. A preliminary note on this subject has already been published (Dworkin and Foster, 1957); and (3) a
680 citations
TL;DR: Although the involvement of FixLJ and FixK in nifA regulation is remarkably different in the three rhizobial species discussed here, they constitute a regulatory cascade that uniformly controls the expression of genes (fixNOQP) encoding a distinct cytochrome oxidase complex probably required for bacterial respiration under low-oxygen conditions.
622 citations