Author
R. J. Vaidya
Other affiliations: University of Tennessee Health Science Center
Bio: R. J. Vaidya is an academic researcher from Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda. The author has contributed to research in topics: Chitinase & Alcaligenes. The author has an hindex of 5, co-authored 6 publications receiving 251 citations. Previous affiliations of R. J. Vaidya include University of Tennessee Health Science Center.
Papers
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TL;DR: A novel, highly chitinolytic strain of Alcaligenes xylosoxydans was isolated which showed potential for use as an antifungal biocontrol agent for the control of two fungal plant pathogens.
Abstract: A novel, highly chitinolytic strain of Alcaligenes xylosoxydans was isolated which showed potential for use as an antifungal biocontrol agent for the control of two fungal plant pathogens It could degrade and utilize dead mycelia of Rhizoctonia bataticola and Fusarium sp (fungal plant pathogens of Cajanus cajan) In vitro it could inhibit the growth of Fusarium sp and R bataticola Chitin at 10–15 g/l was found to be good carbon and nitrogen source Alcaligenes xylosoxydans showed optimum chitinase production at 72 h, pH optima at 8 and growth peak at 120 h Yeast extract, arabinose, Tween 20 and several other surfactants enhanced chitinase production
103 citations
TL;DR: Using this statistical optimization method, the chitinase production was found to increase from 12 to 29 U/ml, and the nutritional medium requirement by Alcaligenes xylosoxydans IMI no. 385022 was optimized.
80 citations
TL;DR: Aims: To develop a novel, rapid and effective screening method for chitinase producing bacteria and to demonstrate the ability of this method to discriminate between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Abstract: R . J . V A I D Y A , S . L . A . M A C M I L , P . R . V Y A S A N D H . S . C H H A T P A R . 2003. Aims: To develop a novel, rapid and effective screening method for chitinase producing bacteria. Methods and Results: A simple and rapid technique for screening of potential chitinolytic bacteria has been developed using the chitin binding dye calcofluor white M2R in chitin agar. Microorganisms possessing high chitinolytic potential gave a clear zone under ultraviolet light after 24‐48 h of incubation. This method was successfully applied for isolating the hyperchitinase mutant of Alcaligenes xylosoxydans. The mutant Alc. xylosoxydans EMS 33 was found to produce 3AE4 times more chitinase than the wild type. Conclusions: In this study, the screening method for chitinase producing bacteria has been developed and it was applied to screen chitinase-overproducing mutant of Alc. xylosoxydans. Significance and Impact of the Study: The novel screening method for chitinase producer is more sensitive, rapid, user-friendly and reliable, which can also be used for screening of recombinants having chitinase gene.
36 citations
TL;DR: Extracellular chitinase from Alcaligenes xylosoxydans was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity using affinity and gel filtration chromatography and degraded mycelia of Aspergillus niger.
Abstract: Extracellular chitinase from Alcaligenes xylosoxydans was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity using affinity and gel filtration chromatography. The molecularmass of chitinase was estimated to be 45 kDa and44 kDa by SDS-PAGE and gel-filtration, respectively. The enzyme was optimally active at 50 °C (over 30 min) and pH 5. Activity staining after PAGE showed a single band. The Km for chitin was 3 g l−1. Cu2+ and Na+ at 5 mM inhibited chitinase activity to 25% while Ca2+, Mg2+ and Ba2+ had no effect at the same concentration. The purified enzyme degraded mycelia of Aspergillus niger.
30 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Alcaligenes xylosoxydans protected pigeonpea from Fusarium wilt in a pot experiment and field trials and was comparable in efficacy to commercial antifungal agents such as benlate, monitor WP, thiram and bavistin.
Abstract: Alcaligenes xylosoxydans protected pigeonpea from Fusarium wilt in a pot experiment and field trials When seeds of pigeonpea (C cajan) were treated with A xylosoxydans and sown in soil infested with Fusarium, the incidence of wilt was reduced by 435% and resulted in 58% higher grain yield The antifungal activity of A xylosoxydans was based on chitinase production and was comparable in efficacy to commercial antifungal agents such as benlate, monitor WP, thiram and bavistin
10 citations
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TL;DR: This review discusses the occurrence and structure of chitin, the types and sources of ch itinases, their mode of action, chit inase production, as well as molecular cloning and protein engineering of Chitinases and their biotechnological applications.
Abstract: Chitin and chitinases (EC 3.2.1.14) have an immense potential. Chitinolytic enzymes have wide-ranging applications such as preparation of pharmaceutically important chitooligosaccharides and N-acetyl D-glucosamine, preparation of single-cell protein, isolation of protoplasts from fungi and yeast, control of pathogenic fungi, treatment of chitinous waste, and control of malaria transmission. In this review, we discuss the occurrence and structure of chitin, the types and sources of chitinases, their mode of action, chitinase production, as well as molecular cloning and protein engineering of chitinases and their biotechnological applications.
499 citations
455 citations
TL;DR: An attempt has been made to review the currently used media optimization techniques applied during fermentation process of metabolite production and provide the rationale for the selection of suitable optimization technique for media designing employed during the fermentation process.
Abstract: Optimization of production medium is required to maximize the metabolite yield. This can be achieved by using a wide range of techniques from classical "one-factor-at-a-time" to modern statistical and mathematical techniques, viz. artificial neural network (ANN), genetic algorithm (GA) etc. Every technique comes with its own advantages and disadvantages, and despite drawbacks some techniques are applied to obtain best results. Use of various optimization techniques in combination also provides the desirable results. In this article an attempt has been made to review the currently used media optimization techniques applied during fermentation process of metabolite production. Comparative analysis of the merits and demerits of various conventional as well as modern optimization techniques have been done and logical selection basis for the designing of fermentation medium has been given in the present review. Overall, this review will provide the rationale for the selection of suitable optimization technique for media designing employed during the fermentation process of metabolite production.
313 citations
TL;DR: This review is focused on the progress of chitinase genes, chitinolytic microorganisms and their diversity as well as formulation of chitatelytic producers which have the potential to control fungal plant pathogens.
Abstract: Fungal plant diseases are one of the major concerns to agricultural food production world wide. Soil borne pathogenic fungi such as Pythium, Fusarium, Rhizoctonia and Phytopthora attack most of the economically important crop plants (either through seed root before germination or seedling after germination) resulting in loss of billions of dollars. Moreover, the management of chitinous waste is also pressing need today. Mycolytic enzymes (chitinases, proteases and glucanase) producing microorganisms may help in solving these problems. These microorganisms have ability to lyse the fungal cell wall and also have the potential to manage the chitinous waste by producing chitinases. Many chitinolytic microorganisms have potential to control fungal plant pathogens but they are not fully successful in all the cases due to different geological and environmental conditions. Thus, bioprospecting to find novel, highly chitinolytic microorganisms which help in developing potential biocontrol agent. Furthermore, to increase the survivability of biocontrol agents, a formulation may also be necessary. This review is focused on the progress of chitinase genes, chitinolytic microorganisms and their diversity as well as formulation of chitinolytic producers which have the potential to control fungal plant pathogens
234 citations
TL;DR: Chitinase enzyme has received increased attention due to its wide range of biotechnological applications, especially in agriculture for biocontrol of phytopathogenic fungi and harmful insects, and out of metal ions Mn 2+ and Cu 2+ enhanced enzyme production in the case of HS6, however, Co 2+ was the most appropriate for HS4.
182 citations