R. K. Mishra

Bio: R. K. Mishra is an academic researcher from National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research. The author has contributed to research in topics: Phytoplankton & Subtropical front. The author has an hindex of 11, co-authored 41 publications receiving 444 citations. Previous affiliations of R. K. Mishra include Tokai University & World Laparoscopy Hospital.

Heavy Metal Induced Oxidative Damage in Terrestrial Plants

Abstract: There are 110 elements in the periodic table with the elements from 104 to 110 being of somewhat recent discovery (www.sdfine.com). Of these chemical elements, metals make up the largest group; some 69 of the currently known elements, excluding the transuranium series, are metallic in character (Fig. 4.1). Also, out of the 10 most abundant elements in the earth’s crust, seven are metals (Table 4.1); aluminum occupies the third place, followed by iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium and titanium (Mason 1958). Their characteristics, however, differ greatly within the biosphere.

A three-layer supply chain coordination in socially responsible distribution system

Abstract: This paper deals with channel coordination in a socially responsible distribution system comprising of a manufacturer, multiple distributors and multiple retailers under each distributor. The manufacturer intends to swell stakeholder welfare by exhibiting corporate social responsibility (CSR). Demand at the retailers’ end is linear function of price and is influenced by the manufacturer's suggested retail price. In manufacturer-Stackelberg game setting, a new revenue sharing (RS) contract is used to resolve channel conflict and win–win wholesale price and RS fraction ranges are identified in closed forms. It is found that the manufacturer's and the distributors’ wholesale prices of the RS contract are negative when the manufacturer's CSR practice is above of some thresholds. So, the manufacturer's pure profit may be negative though the distributors’ profits are positive because they receive some consumer surplus from the manufacturer.

Dinoflagellate Bloom of Karenia mikimotoi along the Southeast Arabian Sea, Bordering Western India

Abstract: A harmful algal bloom (HAB) occurred along the southeast Arabian Sea, bordering Western India, during September to November 2004. This bloom was unique in the region in terms of its large spatial extent, and the trend was weakened towards November. Mass mortality of fish, emanation of noxious odour, and respiratory problems among the children on the coastal stretch were noticed. The phytoplankton species Gymnodiniium, class Dinophyceae bloom accounted for 98% of the standing crop. The bloom Karenia mikimotoi showed a maximum density of cells L−1 and cells L−1 at nearshore and offshore, respectively. The remotely sensed chlorophyll a (Chl a) data from seaWiFS, sea surface temperature (SST) from advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR), rainfall from tropical rainfall measuring Mission (TRMM), and Sea winds from QuickSCAT reflected the bloom due to Karenia mikimotoi, suggesting the advection process at the coastal waters. The release of toxins specifically the neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP) and azaspiracid shellfish poisoning (AZP) from the bloom was assessed by chemical and mouse bioassay of the extract from mussel Perna indica, showing negative results. These indicate that asphyxiation and abnormal mucus secreted by the K. mikimotoi led to clogging of gills that accentuated the mass fish kills.

Towards Integrating Evolution, Metabolism, and Climate Change Studies of Marine Ecosystems

Abstract: Global environmental changes are challenging the structure and functioning of ecosystems. However, a mechanistic understanding of how global environmental changes will affect ecosystems is still lacking. The complex and interacting biological and physical processes spanning vast temporal and spatial scales that constitute an ecosystem make this a formidable problem. A unifying framework based on ecological theory, that considers fundamental and realized niches, combined with metabolic, evolutionary, and climate change studies, is needed to provide the mechanistic understanding required to evaluate and forecast the future of marine communities, ecosystems, and their services.

Seasonal appearance of Chlorophyceae phytoplankton bloom by river discharge off Paradeep at Orissa Coast in the Bay of Bengal.

Abstract: Characteristics of the monsoonal bloom of phytoplankton at Orissa Coast in the Bay of Bengal were studied through bimonthly observation from April 2001 to December 2002. Three photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll-a (Chl a), chlorophyll-b (Chl b) and carotenoid (Car) were analyzed by absorption spectroscopic method. The seasonal variation of Chl a included phytoplankton bloom in the coastal area during monsoon period. The water column integrated Chl a reached to 68 mg m−2 at the station-1(St1), and amounted to 20 mg m−2 at 30 km off the river mouth during August 2001. In contrast the same amount was found at 15 km off the Mahanadi river mouth during August 2002. Salinity during this period varied from 5 psu at the St1 to 27 psu at the edge of the bloom area. The total amount of river discharge in the monsoon period calculated from daily river discharge data reported by Water Resources Department in India was 84 × 109 m3 during 2001 and 20 × 109 m3 during 2002. Both nitrate and phosphate concentrations showed negative quadratic relationship with salinity throughout the observation period. Extrapolated nitrate and phosphate concentration discharge from the Mahanadi river were 10.8 and 4 μg-at l−1, respectively. Microscopic identification revealed dominance of fluvial Chlorophyceae and diatoms during the monsoon period showing influence of the freshwater discharge.

Phenolic compounds and their antioxidant activity in plants growing under heavy metal stress

Abstract: as a consequence of industrial development, the environment is increasingly polluted with heavy met - als.�Plantspossesshomeostaticmechanismsthatallowthemtokeepcorrectconcentrationsofessential� metalionsincellularcompartmentsandtominimizethedamagingeffectsofanexcessofnonessential� ones. one of their adverse effects on plants is the generation of harmful active oxygen species, leading to oxidativestress.�Besidesthewell-studiedantioxidantsystemsconsistingoflow-molecularantioxidantsand� specific enzymes, recent works have begun to highlight the potential role of flavonoids, phenylopropanoids andphenolicacidsaseffectiveantioxidants.� Duringheavymetalstressphenoliccompoundscanactas� metalchelatorsandontheotherhandphenolicscandirectlyscavengemolecularspeciesofactiveoxygen.�� phenolics, especially flavonoids and phenylopropanoids, are oxidized by peroxidase, and act in h 2 O 2 - scavenging, phenolic/asc/poX system. their antioxidant action resides mainly in their chemical struc -

Recommendations for euthanasia of experimental animals: Part 1. DGXI of the European Commission

Abstract: Working Party: Mrs Bryony Close (Chair), Dr Keith Banister, Dr Vera Baumans, Dr Eva-Maria Bernoth, Dr Niall Bromage, Dr John Bunyan, Professor Dr Wolff Erhardt, Professor Paul Flecknell, Dr Neville Gregory, Professor Dr Hansjoachim Hackbarth, Professor David Morton & Mr Clifford Warwick Correspondence to: Mrs B Close, Battleborough Croft, Battleborough Lane, Brent Knoll, Highbridge. Somerset TA94DS, UK

Residual-mean solutions for the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and its associated overturning circulation

Abstract: Residual-mean theory is applied to the streamwise-averaged Antarctic Circumpolar Current to arrive at a concise description of the processes that set up its stratification and meridional overturning circulation on an f plane. Simple solutions are found in which transfer by geostrophic eddies colludes with applied winds and buoyancy fluxes to determine the depth and stratification of the thermocline and the pattern of associated (residual) meridional overturning circulation.

Cadmium toxicity in plants.

Abstract: Cadmium is an important pollutant in the environment, toxic to most organisms and a potential threat to human health: Crops and other plants take up Cd from the soil or water and may enrich it in their roots and shoots. In this review, we summarize natural and anthropogenic reasons for the occurrence of Cd toxicity, and evaluate the observed phytotoxic effects of plants growing in Cd-supplemented soil or nutrient solution. Cd-induced effects include oxidative stress, genotoxicity, inhibition of the photosynthetic apparatus, and inhibition of root metabolism. We explain proposed and possible interactions between these modes of toxicity. While discussing recent and older studies, we further emphasize the environmental relevance of the experiments and the physiological response of the plant.