Publisher Summary This chapter summarizes reactions that can annelate a pyrimidine ring onto an existing ring The chapter also focuses on how to select the reactions that can introduce a desired group into the pyrimidine ring The reactions of rings with an endocyclic keto group adjacent to a replaceable hydrogen atom are also discussed These reactions require a reagent with a positively charged carbon atom that is capable of an electrophilic attack on the carbanion formed by the loss of a proton from the alpha position of the ketone The reactions of rings with an endocyclic to the group adjacent to an exocyclic ester, ketone, or methide (alkylidene) substituent from lactones or lactams are discussed The chapter describes a miscellaneous set of reactions all of which require a parent nucleus that is aromatic, π -excessive, and electronically equipped to support an electrophilic attack adjacent to the amino group Common substituents found in the product are alkyl, aryl, amino, and oxo groups The rings with an amino group adjacent to an aminomethyl, chloromethyl, or hydroxymethyl group are also discussed in the chapter

Annelation of a Pyrimidine Ring to an Existing Ring

This paper presents a review of well-known synthetic methods and technological aspects of the preparation of liquid crystals and describes new strategies and tactics in the liquid crystals chemistry

Present and Future of the Liquid Crystals Chemistry

We report a new strategy for the synthesis of phenols from acyclic unsaturated ketones in one pot. The reaction proceeds by palladium-catalyzed carbopalladation of an alkene with the enol form of the tethered ketone, generating a substituted cyclohexanone. Upon introduction of a terminal oxidant a palladium-catalyzed oxidation ensues to give the desired phenol. This approach allows the programming of phenol substituents on the acyclic substrate and therefore circumvents the limitations inherent in traditional syntheses of phenols.

A New Route to Phenols: Palladium-Catalyzed Cyclization and Oxidation of γ,δ-Unsaturated Ketones

Regioselective intramolecular asymmetric cyclization of symmetrical open chain triketone

Free base form of primary amines is added in a reversible reaction to phenyl vinyl ketone. Kinetics verified the scheme (B)—(D). Alkyl groups R in RNH2 exert considerable steric effects on this reaction. The nucleophilic reactivity of amines in this reaction parallels the reactivity in other nucleophilic reactions of amines.

R. N. Lacey

Papers

328. 6-Acetylcyclohex-2-enones: the condensation of β-diketones with αβ-unsaturated ketones