There is always a need for an updated systematic review of a special subject area because of its importance for the researchers and the interested audience. This paper presents a review of medical image authentication (MIA) which is an interesting application of medical image watermarking techniques. The main objectives of medical image authentication techniques are protecting the medical images from tampering and verifying their integrity. Over the years many MIA schemes have been presented for different purposes such as detecting tampering in the medical images, localizing the tampered region, and recovering the tampered region. This paper starts by providing some basic information about the medical image watermarking techniques and their requirements, followed by a brief display for the previous review papers in this field which proves the necessity to present this review paper. Then, an overview of MIA process and its domain-based concepts are presented. Thereafter, the MIA schemes are classified according to their objectives and the domain of embedding the watermarks. The most used performance evaluation measures and metrics in the state-of-the-art are also reviewed in this paper followed by the conclusions and some recent trends of this interesting research field.

Review of medical image authentication techniques and their recent trends

Digital watermarking emerges as a very effective tool that provides digital media with the advantages of authentication, integrity verification, ownership protection, and rights management over an unsecured widespread media sharing channel. At present, various watermarking based image security approaches are present. It is found that a lot of research attention is still needed to develop a more robust mechanism in digital watermarking technology to protect digital content from various attacks. The primary purpose of the proposed system is to introduce a cost-effective and robust watermarking scheme that can survive under various image processing attacks and protect the digital content embedded with it. Here, the formulation of the proposed watermarking technique is based on the concept of 2D frictional fryer transformation technique- (FrfT). The idea is to calculate the 2D FrfT of the cover image. In the transform domain, the watermark identifier is used to modify the coefficients in the transform module, taking into account the real and imaginary parts of the cover image. The proposed system also introduces an attack model designed with two commonly known image processing attacks to evaluate the strength of the proposed watermarking scheme. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system in terms of PSNR, correlation coefficient, and bit error rate.

A Framework For Effective Watermarking Synchronous With Time And Frequency Domain For Resilience To Attacks

Nowadays digital media has reached the general level of resource sharing system and become a convenient way for sharing lots of information among various individuals. However, these digital data are stored and shared over an internet which is an entirely unsecured and most frequently attacked by several attackers, resulting in a massive loss at various parameters and creates severe issues of copyright protection, ownership protection, authentication, secure communication, etc. In recent years, digital watermarking technology has received extensive attention from users and researchers for content protection and digital data authentication. However, before implementing digital watermarking techniques in practical applications, there are still many problems that need to be solved technically and efficiently. The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a detailed survey on current research techniques of digital watermarking techniques for all media formats with their applications and operational process. The prime objective of this manuscript is to reveal the research problem and the efficient requirement to implement robust watermarking technique after analyzing the progress of watermarking schemes and current research trend.

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Existing Trends of Digital Watermarking and its Significant Impact on Multimedia Streaming: A Survey

The recent advancement in the field of information and communication technologies requires potential security solutions to provide efficient information protection. The proposed study conceptualizes a secure digital watermarking framework also abbreviated as S-DWF which performs an ‘image dithering’ form of decomposition followed by a key-based watermarking procedure. The proposed S-DWF implemented in a numerical computing platform with respect to the addition of different noisy level and also checked for performance assessment. The outcome of the study shows that the proposed S-DWF attains better information protection in terms of Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Bit Error Rate (BER) even in the presence of any noisy attack as compared to the existing baseline. It also balances the trade-off between computational effort required and the visual and perceptual quality of the retrieved watermark image signal information.

R. Radha Kumari

Papers

Existing Trends of Digital Watermarking and its Significant Impact on Multimedia Streaming: A Survey

S-DWF: An Integrated Schema for Secure Digital Image Watermarking