Background: The use of modern technology in healthcare system aims to increase the reliability, accessibility and productivity of delivered services. In most developing countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) has been dominated by paper-based system. In Rwanda, EMRs started in 2011 with a baseline of 8% and reached 50% in 2017 within 516 health facilities, but patient data synchronization among health facilities is still a problem. The aim of this research was to identify factors hindering EMRs implementation and propose applied solutions. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study design with qualitative and quantitative approach was used. A purposive method to select the research participants among the target population was also used. Results: It was found that, despite the improvement of hospitals’ management and healthcare efficiency via EMRs system, factors affecting synchronization of patients’ data among health facilities still persist. The study also revealed the need for the interoperability in the integration of EMRs system among health facilities. Conclusion: The OpenMRS EMR-based data synchronization can reduce gaps in HIV care. It avoids a duplication of patient identification number (PID) at the same health facility for more than one visit and missing data among health facilities. As part of implementable solutions for effective service delivery, cloud-based server and patient identification were suggested as solutions for much more success in Open MRS EMRs system. Keywords: Electronic Medical Record, Data synchronization, Cloud computing technology

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Synchronization of patient data among health facilities through electronic medical records system: a case study of Kabgayi District Hospital

In the present paper, a novel compression technique is used to compress the document images without compromising abrupt quality degradation. An Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) based classification scheme is used for segmenting the input document followed by some neighborhood smoothing is performed. A tuning based adaptive compression scheme is used for compressing the ANFIS classified data. A 3D trade-off between quality, compression ratio and relative occupancy of image region is addressed in a calibrated manner.

QPAC: A Novel Document Image Compression Technique Based on ANFIS for Calibrated Quality Preservation

Multiple occurrences of single object in same page or different pages of same document can generally be handled by a repository of reusable document component (RDCR). The same objects of different size and orientation could also be tagged in the same RDCR when orientation and scale maps are used as pointers. Hence after object collection and flattening in document image processing system, the compression ratio would be improved by employing OS-RDC (Orientation and Scale Mapped Reusable Document Component) which in turn would improve the performance of the system (as printing system). But especially for the scaled down and non-orthogonally rotated objects, jagging effect creates significant imaging artifacts in terms of image quality degradation. The current paper addresses to improve the perceptual image quality through OS-RDC and perception based anti-aliasing (PAA) filter. The combination of OS-RDC (used to achieve better speed) and PAA (used to improve the quality of the geometric transformed images) ensures both compression ratio and IQ (Image Quality) which are generally antagonistic in nature.

PAA: Perception based Anti-Aliasing for High Quality Transformed Image Reconstruction from Single Image

Repeated appearance of any block of spatial data in document images can be cached and encoded single time to get good compression ratio. This Reusable Document Component (RDC) can replicate the blocks of each redundant image at the receiver side at different positions but with same size and orientation. We have proposed a novel algorithm of Orientation Scale mapped RDC (OS-RDC) which can identify and cache repeated image blocks even if they are of different size and orientations. Both the inter-page and intra-page redundancies are addressed ensuring significant quality preservation.

R Remya

Papers

A novel scheme of orientation and scale mapped RDC (OS-RDC) to improve compression in document images ensuring quality preservation