R. Velmurugan

Bio: R. Velmurugan is an academic researcher from Indian Institute of Technology Madras. The author has contributed to research in topics: Nanomaterials & Carbon. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 5 citations.

Experimental characterisation of catalyst-free carbon nanomaterials from mixed vegetable and animal base oils through modified traditional process

Abstract: A new process for the preparation of catalyst-free pure carbon nanomatereials is described here. These nanomaterials are then experimentally investigated. The process is simple and traditional so that the operator can have full control over the flame geometry and oil consumption in a span of time. A slight modification is carried out in the traditional process with an option of external heating (forced convection). Two types of samples are prepared (S1 & S2) from two different processes, Modified Traditional Process without external heating (MTP1) and with external heating (MTP2). Deep investigation on yield, morphology and structure of prepared samples are carried out by sophisticated analytical instruments. It is noted that the S1 sample contains pure carbon nano crystals along with well grown thin nano tubular structures whereas S2 sample contains pure carbon nanocrystals in a chain formation and likely possibility for the growth of nanotubes without any further treatment. It is observed clearly that the average weight gain of sample S2 is 22% for MTP1 and 7% for MTP2 more than that of the sample S1 over the same period of time. The range in dimension of the nanoparticles is varying from 6-45 nm.

Bio-modified carbon nanoparticles loaded with methotrexate possible carrier for anticancer drug delivery.

Abstract: The modification of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) using biological molecules is important in the field of chemical biology, as the CNPs have the potential to deliver the drugs directly to the targeted cells and tissues. We have modified the CNPs by coating bovine serum albumin (BSA) on their surfaces and loaded with methotrexate (Mtx). Infrared spectra have revealed the coating of BSA and Mtx on CNP (CBM). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) pictures have exhibited the spherical nature of the composite and coating of the proteins on CNPs. The prepared CBM biocomposite has exhibited a sustained release of drug. MTT assay using A549 lung cancer cell lines has revealed 83% cell death at 150 μg/ml concentration of CBM. These results indicate that CNPs based biocomposites may be tried as therapeutic agents in treatment of cancer like diseases.

Carbon nanoparticle from a natural source fabricated for folate receptor targeting, imaging and drug delivery application in A549 lung cancer cells.

Abstract: There is an emerging need for the development of new anticancer nanocomposite which exhibits imaging properties and targeted drug delivery. In the present study, a nanobiocomposite was prepared, in this direction, which contains carbon nanoparticles (CNP), methotrexate (Mtx) and asparaginase (Asp) coupled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). The prepared nanobiocomposite kills only the cancer cells due to the presence of Mtx which is a folic acid analogue and targets the cancer cells due to the over expression of folate receptors on their surface and apoptosis occurs due to the anticancer activity of enzyme asparaginase. The results obtained from the present study confirmed the sustained release of Mtx and Asp from the nanobiocomposite. The nanobiocomposite was found to be haemocompatible, biocompatible and showed more than 90% apoptosis. The drug pathway was clearly monitored due to the presence of FITC in the nanobiocomposite. This study proves the effectiveness of the fabricated nanoconjugate, as it helps in imaging, targeting and destructing the cancerous cells. The prepared nanoconjugate may be effectively applied in in vivo experiments before applying on to humans.

Performance of two phase gravity assisted thermosyphon using nanofluids

Abstract: The recent pioneering advancement in the use of nanofluids as the working fluid in the two phase gravity assisted thermosyphon (TPGAT) significantly improved the heat transfer performance. In the present study, the performance enhancement of TPGAT using carbonaceous and metal based nanofluid as the working fluid is investigated. The experiment are conducted at various heat input in the evaporator and at different fill ratios. The results of the experiments revealed that the nanoparticles play a major role in enhancing the performance by bombarding the formation of vapour bubbles in the evaporator section. It is also found that the fill ratio has varying role in the condenser and evaporator section at various heat input of

Synthesis of carbon nanoparticles from vegetable oil by flame deposition

Abstract: Although different methods for synthesising carbon nanostructures are available, research is still going on for finding the cheap and easy method for commercial preparation of different carbon nanostructures with controlled moiphology and high purity. The carbon soot obtained from burning of vegetable oils and animal based oils by using traditional method is found to contain carbon nanostructures including single-walled carbon nanotubes, multi- walled carbon nanotubes and carbon nanofibers. Carbon soot obtained by burning oils has been used as 'kajal' since ancient times. Kajal is easy-to-make by traditional method of flame deposition. It has been. found to contain carbon nanomaterials. Thus, synthesis of carbon nanostructures from vegetable oil using flame deposition method is studied in detail in regard to find a cheap source and easy method.

Synthesis of Carbon Nano Materials from Carbohydrate Rich Biogenic Precursors using Chemical Vapor Deposition Method and Optimization of Parameters by Taguchi Optimization Method

Abstract: Carbon Nano Materials (CNM) from biogenic carbohydrate rich non-edible precursors such as Syzygium cumini (Jamun), Tamarindus indica (Imli) and Litchi chinensis (Imli) seeds were synthesized by chemical vapour deposition method (CVD). Parameters were optimized by Taguchi optimization method, four parameters such as precursor, temperature, carrier gas and duration and three levels S. cumini, T. indica and L. chinensis as a precursor, Argon (Ar), Nitrogen (N2) and Hydrogen (H2) as a carrier gas, 1 hour (hr), 2 hours and 3 hours (hrs) for duration of pyrolysis, 800C, 900C and 1000C for temperature were selected. In the present work, impact of precursor is 35.84% which is the most effective factor than temperature (29.59%) and other parameters such as duration (19.50%) and the least effective factor is carrier gas (15.07%). Impact of parameter on the yield which described by the deviation of signal to noise (S/N) ratio. The result of deviation of S/N ratio shows T. indica seed (precursor), 900C (temperature), 2 hr (duration) and Ar (carrier gas) are the best parameters. The morphology of CNM is studied by SEM characterization and the nature of synthesized CNM by RAMAN spectroscopy.