Raimundo Wilson Gama Raiol

Bio: Raimundo Wilson Gama Raiol is an academic researcher from Federal University of Pará. The author has contributed to research in topics: Humanities & Population. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 7 publications receiving 13 citations.

Perspectivas da dignidade humana à luz da convenção da onu sobre os direitos das pessoas com deficiência

Abstract: The situation of disability, as an expression of social inequalities, demand prospects and natural treatments. Given this premise, this article has the scope to be guided and discuss about aspects of human dignity brought to light by the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (ONU, 2006), international legal instrument that functions as a kind of herald of rights more consistent with the human reality of such people in the XXI century. In this direction, makes use of argumentative contributions from scholars and notoriously consistent bases, both from the point of view as factual, and especially, the legal reality. Taken as the fundamental core of the Constitutions of the Democratic and Social State of Law contemporaries, human dignity is real value that radiates its effects require prestacionais state actions towards its citizens. As the premise of the new constitutional order, human dignity is endowed with high axiological open load, hence its primacy as ethical paradigm and benchmark against the human diversity represented by persons with disabilities. In this scenario, the aforesaid Convention should become truly effective in the highlighted instrument for the purpose of recognition, protection and realization of human dignity that people with disabilities are entitled urging public authorities to promote conditions sufficient material to ensure the achievement of constitutional ideals, including respect for human dignity and social inclusion of such persons.

Saneamento e direito à cidade: ponderações sobre abastecimento de água e esgotamento sanitário na cidade de Belém/PA / Sanitation and right to the city: weights on water supply and sanitary filling in the city of Belém/PA

Abstract: DOI: 10.12957/rdc.2017.28918 Questiona-se acerca das condicoes do saneamento (abastecimento de agua e esgotamento sanitario) na cidade de Belem, Estado do Para, na perspectiva do direito a cidade, com base em diplomas normativos internacionais, dentre os quais o que trata dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento do Milenio (ONU, 2010), e na legislacao brasileira, a partir da Constituicao da Republica. Faz-se recorte a respeito de quanto e emergente e relevante, na atualidade, o servico publico de saneamento, para a sobrevivencia humana digna e o gozo pleno dos demais direitos da pessoa humana. Aborda-se o aspecto altamente excludente da urbanizacao belenense, sob o ponto de vista socioespacial, o que causa reflexos nefastos para segmentos vulnerabilizados e expressivos da populacao, os quais tem subtraido cotidianamente o exercicio do direito a cidade. Considera-se na interface com esse direito os aspectos relacionados a organizacao social, as relacoes de poder, a producao e apropriacao dos espacos, como fatores que determinam, em ultima instância, a qualidade de vida de parcela significativa da populacao belenense, quando o assunto diz respeito ao abastecimento de agua e ao esgotamento sanitario. Palavras-chaves: Saneamento Basico; Direito a Cidade; Belem; Segregacao Socioespacial. Abstract Universal access to basic sanitation services is a determining and conditioning factor for the quality of life of the population of any city, in terms of goal 7 of the Millennium Development Goals (ONU, 2010), other international documents, Brazilian legislation in scope Constitutional and in the infraconstitutional section. In light of these normative documents, it is questioned about the sanitation conditions in the city of Belem, State of Para, weighting water supply and sanitary sewage, inserting them in the perspective of the right to the city. If sanitation is indispensable for the dignified human survival and an essential condition for the full enjoyment of life and other rights, the question of universality in the provision of this public service is fundamental, which makes it relevant and emerging today. Considerations on the belenense urbanization, which is highly exclusionary from the sociospatial point of view, are brought to light, and that causes negative consequences for vulnerable and expressive segments of the population, which have daily subtracted the exercise of the right to the city, being subject to sociospatial exclusion. It is considered that the discussion about the right to the city, when linked to the guarantee of equitable access to sanitation, must necessarily consider aspects of social organization, power relations, production and appropriation of spaces, factors that determine, the quality of life of a significant portion of the population of Belem, when the issue is related to water supply and sanitary sewage. Keywords: Basic Sanitation; Right to the City; Sociospatial Segregation.

Invisíveis Sociais: A Negação do Direito à Cidade à População em Situação de Rua

Abstract: Analyzes the deliberate and systematic process that invisibilisa people on the streets in Brazil, discussing how it is pernicious in light of human rights, because it subtracts them the enjoyment of the right to the city. We chose methodologically the bibliographical and documentary research. This the intrinsic relationship between street population and the right to the city situation is justified because it is an issue that lacks fair and appropriate political coping by the Government, facing the numerous practices of institutionalized violence or not such persons suffer, combined with the high degree of misery they experience.

Contradições da dominação: o eu ocidental x os direitos humanos dos povos indígenas – política de desumanização e desterritorialização

Abstract: A concepção de lugar como espaço, tempo e cultura permite compreender que a visão que uma sociedade tem de si mesma constitui um lugar-mundo, cujos limites não correspondem às fronteiras de um Estado. Assim, nos conflitos entre sociedades distintas, as subordinações que se estabelecem correspondem à sobreposição de um lugar-mundo ao outro. Os processos de dominação que envolvem os povos indígenas e não-indígenas no Brasil, desde o período colonial, têm correspondido à sobreposição do lugar-mundo ocidental sobre o lugar-mundo dos povos indígenas. O objetivo deste artigo é responder a seguinte questão: como se dá essa sobreposição? Implícitas nesta pergunta há outras duas mais específicas: como essa sobreposição se justifica e quais são os seus pressupostos? Realizou-se a análise comparativa da carta do Jesuíta Manoel da Nóbrega, escrita em 1549, e do Relatório Figueiredo, elaborado em 1967, e em seguida fez-se a indicação das categorias homólogas nesses dois documentos, ambos relativos a práticas de órgãos oficiais a respeito da questão indígena. Ao final, sugeriu-se que o reconhecimento do direito de propriedade é indispensável para uma mudança de paradigma no tratamento dos temas relacionados aos povos indígenas. Abstract The conception of place as a space, time and culture allows to comprehend that the vision a society has of itself constitute a place-world, which its limits do not correspond to a state borders. This way, conflicts between distincts societies the subordination stablished correspond to a sobreposition from a place-world to another one. The domination processes that envolve indigenous peoples and non-indigenous people in Brazil, since colonial period, has been corresponding to a sobreposition of occidental place-world against indigenous peoples place-world. This article aims to answer the following question: How does this sobreposition happen? There are two more questions implicit in this one: How does this sobreposition justifies itself and what are its pressuposts? A comparative analysis was made of the Jesuit Manoel da Nobrega letter, written in 1549, and the Figueiredo Report, elaborated in 1969, then a category homologation in these two documents was mad to indicate it, both related to official departments regarding the indigenous issue. In the end, it was suggested that recognize the property rights is indispensable to a change in the paradigm regarding the treatment of themes related to indigenous peoples.

Atribuições de causalidade à violência para pessoas em situação de rua

Abstract: In Brazil many homeless people die from violence. Several factors influence the occurrence of violence, making the Causality Attribution Theory relevant to the understanding of this theme, as it enables the study of spontaneous explanations provided to social events. Thus, this study aims to understand the influencing aspects of violence for homeless people. It is a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study. Semi structured interviews were conducted with 91 homeless people. For the analysis of the interviews, the thematic categorical analysis was realized, which was analyzed the categories: Social Context, Intrinsic context, Alcohol and other drugs and Reproduction of violence. Finally, it was found that the participants attributed the violence perpetuated by the other as internal causality, and when perpetuated by themselves were for external reasons.

Pessoa em situação de rua e desigualdade social: uma questão de políticas públicas

Abstract: O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever sobre a pessoa em situacao de rua, desigualdade social e pobreza, baseado na falta ou ineficiencia do Estado em propor politicas publicas eficazes. Realizou-se um levantamento da producao cientifica publicadas a partir de 2009, nas bases de dados da SCIELO, LATINDEX, REDALYC, LILACS, pela escassez ainda de literatura sobre o assunto, foram tambem utilizadas, dissertacao, anais, livros, TCC e decretos. No Brasil a desigualdade ja se tornou historica, desde o tempo colonial, a situacao de rua e um assunto que se trata por diferentes politicas publicas. As pessoas que vivenciam a situacao de rua vem acrescentado por diferentes causas, tais como: condicao de pobreza, desemprego estrutural, migracao, estado de conflitos familiares, entre outros. Viver em situacao de rua e um enigma, nao so social, mas de saude publica. Conclui-se que a pessoa em situacao de rua convive em uma especie de pobreza ou extrema pobreza, miseria e exclusao social com prejuizo progressivo da condicao de vida e sofrem com a negatividade do Estado dos seus direitos fundamentais. Descritores: Pessoa em Situacao de Rua, Desigualdade Social, Pobreza e Politicas Publicas. People in the street situation and social inequality: a public policy issue Abstract : The aim of this study was to describe the homeless person, social inequality and poverty, based on the State's lack or inefficiency in proposing effective public policies. A survey of the scientific production published from 2009, in the databases of SCIELO, LATINDEX, REDALYC, LILACS, due to the lack of literature on the subject, were also used, dissertation, annals, books, TCC and decrees. In Brazil, inequality has already become historical, since colonial times, the street situation is a matter that is dealt with by different public policies. People who experience homelessness have been added by different causes, such as: poverty condition, structural unemployment, migration, family conflict status, among others. Living on the streets is not only a social but a public health conundrum. It is concluded that the homeless person lives in a kind of poverty or extreme poverty, misery and social exclusion with progressive loss of living conditions and suffer from the negativity of the State of their fundamental rights. Descriptors: Homeless People, Social Inequality, Poverty and Public Policy. Persona en la situacion de la calle y desigualdad social: un problema de politica publica Resumen : El objetivo de este estudio fue describir a las personas sin hogar, la desigualdad social y la pobreza, en funcion de la falta o ineficiencia del Estado al proponer politicas publicas efectivas. Tambien se utilizo una encuesta sobre la produccion cientifica publicada desde 2009, en las bases de datos de SCIELO, LATINDEX, REDALYC, LILACS, debido a la falta de literatura sobre el tema, dissertacion, anales, libros, TCC y decretos. En Brasil, la desigualdad ya se ha vuelto historica, desde la epoca de la colonia, la situacion de la calle es un asunto que se aborda con diferentes politicas publicas. Las personas que experimentan la falta de vivienda han sido agregadas por diferentes causas, tales como: condicion de pobreza, desempleo estructural, migracion, situacion de conflicto familiar, entre otras. Vivir en la calle no es solo un enigma social sino tambien de salud publica. Se concluye que la persona sin hogar vive en una especie de pobreza o extrema pobreza, miseria y exclusion social con perdida progresiva de las condiciones de vida y sufre la negatividad del Estado de sus derechos fundamentales. Descriptores: Personas sin hogar, Desigualdad social, Pobreza y Politicas Publicas.

Homeless persons and villages: drugs, social marginalization, and territory of care.

Abstract: Objective: to recognize villages as territories of care and daily resistance to social marginalization. Methods: a descriptive study with a qualitative approach based on the methodological framework of ethnography inspired by Interpretative Anthropology. Two-year field research (from the second half of 2015 to the first half of 2017). Participant observation and semi-structured interviews with four privileged interlocutors and a field diary have been used. Data systematization was carried out throughout field work. Results: three categories emerged: Interlocutors talking about their life in villages; Villages as a care device; and Drugs in villages. Final considerations: the results reveal the challenge for health and nursing to recognize the need to understand the contexts of urban life of homeless persons. Nurses need to include cultural elements in their work processes, promoting bonding and understanding the ways of life of homeless persons.

Transparência e universalização dos Índices de Água e Esgoto no Estado do Pará, Brasil

Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate how the principles of transparency and universalization of access to basic sanitation provided for in Federal Law No. 11,445 of 2007, which provides for the National Basic Sanitation Plan, have been fulfilled and achieved in the municipalities of the state of Para for the water supply and sewage collection services. For this, data made available by the municipalities of Para were obtained and analyzed in the database of the National Sanitation Information System. The results show that the principle of transparency has not been fulfilled by most of these municipalities because of the lack of data submission or continuity of these. Regarding the universalization of access, it was perceived that the municipalities of Para analyzed are going along a path contrary to this principle in relation to the service of drinking water supply, while for the collection of sanitary sewage, the municipalities whose analysis was possible to perform, presented small advances.

O saneamento básico nos municípios de Santa Catarina: uma análise cluster

Abstract: O saneamento basico e uma politica publica essencial para o desenvolvimento do pais, por gerar ambientes salubres que resultam na melhoria da saude publica. O trabalho eficiente e eficaz do governo quanto ao previo alinhamento das acoes governamentais em relacao as necessidades basicas da sociedade e imprescindivel por garantir melhorias das condicoes de vida nas regioes brasileiras. Buscando reforcar essa indagacao, o presente estudo trata em particular do Estado de Santa Catarina, classificando os 295 municipios catarinenses de acordo com o seu nivel de atendimento a populacao em tres procedimentos de saneamento basico: o abastecimento de agua, a rede de esgotamento sanitario e a coleta de residuos solidos. Atraves de duas tecnicas de analise de clusters foram identificados tres agrupamentos de municipios com caracteristicas comuns nos servicos de saneamento basico prestados a populacao. O primeiro cluster possui boa cobertura nos tres procedimentos, o segundo e deficiente em esgotamento sanitario e o terceiro possui carencias em todos os aspectos avaliados. Evidenciamos um desbalanceamento no acesso a servicos basicos de saneamento capaz de gerar impactos negativos tambem em outras areas, como a saude publica. Entre todos os itens avaliados, o esgotamento sanitario e o mais critico, com atendimento medio muito baixo merecendo, portanto, uma especial atencao.