Raja Munusamy

Bio: Raja Munusamy is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Computer science & Radical. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 2 publications receiving 18 citations.

Cathodic reduction of N-(2-iodophenyl)-N-alkylcinnamides: a novel sequential electrochemical radical cyclisation and hydroxylation

Abstract: In recent years, intramolecular aryl radical cyclisation has emerged as a useful route for the synthesis of benzannulated heterocycles and carbocycles. The aryl radicals are generated in situ from aryl halides (iodides or bromides) with tributylstannyl hydride–AIBN, SmI2, Co(I) or under photochemical conditions. The present work envisages the generation of aryl radicals by cathodic reduction of the carbon–iodine bond of N-(2-iodophenyl)-N-alkylcinnamides and their intramolecular cyclisation. The cathodic reduction of N-(2-iodophenyl)-N-alkylcinnamides under deaerated conditions in DMF gave 1-alkyl-3-benzylindolin-2-ones regioselectively and in the presence of oxygen yielded surprisingly 1-alkyl-3-hydroxy-3-benzylindolin-2-ones. Both these products were formed by a 5-exo-trig process in good yields. A mechanism for the formation of the products has been proposed through the use of cyclic voltammetry, coulometry and controlled-potential electrolysis as well as deuterium labelling.

Guidance of Terminal Area Energy Management Trajectories for Re-entry Vehicles

Abstract: One of the most critical periods of a space-plane re-entry is the Terminal Area Energy Management (TAEM) phase, where performance utilizing on-board generation is required. The ability of an autonomous Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV) to recover from unforeseen disruptions is considerably enhanced by on-board trajectory-generating capabilities. Contemporary guiding approaches can reduce operational expenses and design time by utilizing modern computer power and faster algorithms. Also, it is increase the RLV mission resilience and efficiency at the same time. In this paper, the complete method of how to control and land an RLV, using the guidance system and control algorithms during the TAEM phase of re-entry has been discussed. The paper has been produced after thorough research on the newer guidance techniques, control laws and the guidance algorithms which relate mainly to the TAEM phase.

Design and Analysis of AAUSAT Cube Satellite Attitude Determination with PID Algorithms and Orbitron TLE

Abstract: Satellites are intended to be of massive cost, hard, or hard to keep up and fix in circle. The point of this task is to decide an effective strategy to decide the orbital and heading data for the Nano satellite. To design the exact trajectory and circle for a satellite, information regarding the components which are liable for the deviation in the method of satellites. The factors that should be taken into account to determine the exact location of the satellite. It could be accomplished with the assistance of software responsible for orbit simulation, to do programming with Orbitron so as to get the required output. Orbitron is a simple 2D solver in which TLE files are uploaded, for AAUSAT CUBESAT. The various impacts on the satellite in space are slight deviation in the satellite from its orbit. The motion of the body with includes the disturbing forces in the orbit. However, a satellite has deviated from its normal path due to several forces. This deviation is termed as orbital perturbation. The changes in the orbital element with respect to secular variations are considered using orbital quaternions. The output from satellite dynamic model is received from attitude sensor. The comparative data (Input and Feedback) will generate error signal. To minimize the error signal using proportional integral and derivative (PID) is proposed controller implemented with MATLAB environment.

Design and Simulation of an Artificial intelligence (AI) Brain for a 2D Vehicle Navigation System

Abstract: The aim of this research paper is to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) brain for a 2D vehicle to help it navigate in a certain environment. The goal of the 2D car is to do round trips between two defined checkpoints while avoiding obstacles that are created by the user. The two defined checkpoints are the top left corner of the screen and the bottom right corner of the screen. This project makes use of PyTorch API to design the brain of the car and of Kivy API to design the environment of the car. Spyder, a cross-platform integrated development environment is used to visualize the project.

Electrochemical strategies for C-H functionalization and C-N bond formation.

Abstract: Conventional methods for carrying out carbon–hydrogen functionalization and carbon–nitrogen bond formation are typically conducted at elevated temperatures, and rely on expensive catalysts as well as the use of stoichiometric, and perhaps toxic, oxidants. In this regard, electrochemical synthesis has recently been recognized as a sustainable and scalable strategy for the construction of challenging carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bonds. Here, electrosynthesis has proven to be an environmentally benign, highly effective and versatile platform for achieving a wide range of nonclassical bond disconnections via generation of radical intermediates under mild reaction conditions. This review provides an overview on the use of anodic electrochemical methods for expediting the development of carbon–hydrogen functionalization and carbon–nitrogen bond formation strategies. Emphasis is placed on methodology development and mechanistic insight and aims to provide inspiration for future synthetic applications in the field of electrosynthesis.

The Generation of Aryl Anions by Double Electron Transfer to Aryl Iodides from a Neutral Ground-State Organic Super-Electron Donor

Abstract: Stabilized carbanions can be prepared by deprotonation of the corresponding carbon acids, but more reactive carbanions, such as aryl anions, are usually made by metal–halogen exchange or by electrochemical routes.[1] Whereas the use of metals and organometallic compounds to form aryl anions is well established, the use of totally organic electron-transfer agents, in the absence of photochemical activation, is completely unknown.[2] Herein we report the first neutral organic molecule to achieve this feat.