Ralph L. McNutt

TL;DR: INMS data indicate that the atmospheric plume and coma are dominated by water, with significant amounts of carbon dioxide, an unidentified species with a mass-to-charge ratio of 28 daltons (either carbon monoxide or molecular nitrogen), and methane.

TL;DR: McKinnon et al. as mentioned in this paper reported that ammonia is present in the plume, along with various organic compounds, deuterium and, very probably, Ar-40, which provides strong evidence for the existence of at least some liquid water, given that temperatures in excess of 180 K have been measured near the fractures from which the jets emanate.

TL;DR: The Cassini Ion Neutral Mass Spectrometer (INMS) has obtained the first in situ composition measurements of the neutral densities of molecular nitrogen, methane, molecular hydrogen, argon, and a host of stable carbon-nitrile compounds in Titan's upper atmosphere.

TL;DR: The New Horizons encounter revealed that Pluto displays a surprisingly wide variety of geological landforms, including those resulting from glaciological and surface-atmosphere interactions as well as impact, tectonic, possible cryovolcanic, and mass-wasting processes.

TL;DR: X-ray fluorescence spectra obtained by the MESSENGENGER spacecraft orbiting Mercury indicate that the planet's surface differs in composition from those of other terrestrial planets as discussed by the authors, and this observation, together with a low surface Fe abundance, supports the view that Mercury formed from highly reduced precursor materials, perhaps akin to enstatite chondrite meteorites or anhydrous cometary dust particles.