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Ram Prakash

Bio: Ram Prakash is an academic researcher from Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Agronomy & Irrigation. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 8 publications receiving 12 citations.
Topics: Agronomy, Irrigation, Loam, Salinity, Saline water

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a field trial was conducted for two consecutive years (2017-2019) with three irrigation levels [canal water (0.35 dS m−1), I1, 8 dSm−1, I2, I3, and I4] to assess domestic sewage sludge (SS) under saline conditions to boost crop productivity has become crucial.
Abstract: Salinity prompts heavy metals accumulation and adversely affects nutrient contents in soil and plants, thereby reducing crop yields. The assessment of domestic sewage sludge (SS) under saline conditions to boost crop productivity has become crucial. A field trial was conducted for two consecutive years (2017–2019) with three irrigation levels [canal water (0.35 dS m−1), I1; 8 dS m−1, I2; and 10 dS m−1 saline water, I3]; and five fertilization levels [control, F1; SS (5 t ha−1), F2; SS (5 t ha−1) + 50% RDF, F3; SS (5 t ha−1) + 75% RDF, F4; and RDF, F5]. The results revealed that treatment I3 (10 dS m−1) reduced the grain yield of pearl millet and wheat by an average of 31.2 and 32.6%, respectively, compared to I1 (0.35 dS m−1). However, among fertilizer treatments, F5 obtained significant highest grain and straw yields statistically at par with F4 treatment. Also, in the context of nutrients content in crops, a similar trend has been reported. In the addition, with the usage of saline irrigation (EC 8 and 10 dS m−1) and SS (5 t ha−1), the availability of heavy metals in crops and soil had increased (p = 0.05). The soluble ions in soil increased with increasing salinity levels of irrigation water. The extractability series of heavy metals were: Pb > Co > Ni > Cr > Cd. The addition of SS, however, recorded a higher concentration of DTPA-extractable metals in soil over control. The heavy metals content did not exceed toxicity levels in soil and plants. Hence, the incorporation of SS (5 t ha−1) resulted in saving 25% mineral fertilizers and, also combined use of SS with mineral fertilizers proved to be economically beneficial for crop production.

5 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
15 Sep 2020-PLOS ONE
TL;DR: New and facile one-pot three component approach for the synthesis of substituted dihydropyrimidinones derivatives from reaction of equimolar substituted aldehydes, short reaction time, high yields, mild reaction condition and simple work-up are some merits of present methodology.
Abstract: New and facile one-pot three component approach for the synthesis of substituted dihydropyrimidinones derivatives (4a-4h) from reaction of equimolar substituted aldehydes (1a-1h), methyl acetoacetate (2a) and urea (3a) in presence of nature derived catalyst viz. Cocos nucifera L. juice, Solanum lycopersicum L. juice and Citrus limetta juice, commonly known as coconut juice, tomato juice and musambi juice respectively, at room temperature has been carried out. All synthesized compounds were evaluated for in vitro herbicidal activity against Raphanus sativus L. (Radish seeds). The compounds (4a-4h) were also screened for their antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides by poisoned food techniques method. Antibacterial activity was also studied against Erwinia cartovora and Xanthomonas citri by inhibition zone method. From activity data, it was found that compounds 4g and 4d were most active against Raphanus sativus L. (root) and Raphanus sativus L. (shoot) respectively. Compounds 4f and 4c was found most active against Rhizoctonia solani and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides fungus respectively at highest concentration. Compound 4g has shown maximum inhibition zone i.e. 1.00-5.50 mm against Erwinia cartovora at 2000 μg/mL concentration. Maximum Xanthomonas citrii growth was inhibited by compounds 4f showing inhibition zone 4.00-12.00 mm at highest concentration. Short reaction time, high yields, mild reaction condition and simple work-up are some merits of present methodology.

5 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a semi-solid byproduct which is obtained from wastewater treatment plants and treated as waste in developing countries like India where it remains deposited near municipal solid waste treatment plants.
Abstract: biomass carbon, enzyme activity INTRODUCTION The rapidly increasing human population and urbanization have led to the production of domestic and industrial waste in large amounts (Sharma and Dhaliwal, 2019). Sewage sludge is a semi-solid byproduct which is obtained from wastewater treatment plants and treated as waste in developing countries like India where it remains deposited near municipal solid waste treatment plants. It poses a great environmental threat when no management strategy is adopted for proper sludge disposal. Despite the widespread assumption that sewage sludge (SS) is a problem, its management as a valuable organic resource has become essential for sustainability. Moreover, SS is a potential source of nutrients that may be applied to agricultural lands (Bourioug et al., 2017). It may be used as an organic fertilizer that produces a favourable crop yield and it may even replace mineral fertilizers but only when it does not pose any risk to soil quality and human health (Ahmed et al., 2010). Its excessive use can also cause heavy metal toxicity in soils and plants (McGrath et al., 2000). Sewage sludge is relatively inexpensive in comparison to mineral fertilizers and has a higher amount of organic matter and plant nutrients, particularly nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and micronutrients (Jezierska-Tys and Frąc, 2009). It improves the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil (Aranyos et al., 2016; Meena et al., 2016). © 2020 Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences

2 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Uranium is a naturally occurring radioactive element present throughout the environment, atmosphere, food, soil, rocks, and natural waters along with Pb, Cr, As, Zn & Fe as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Uranium is a naturally occurring radioactive element present throughout the environment, atmosphere, food, soil, rocks, and natural waters along with Pb, Cr, As, Zn & Fe. The exposure to the elements may rise in the cases wherever potable water is obtained directly from geogenically affected ground water sources. The uranium impacts are primarily from its chemical activities, instead of long-run tomographical toxic effects, which may lead to urinary organ damage and its non functional. Uranium in 17% ground water samples has been found beyond limit along with other health effecting toxic metals (Pb, Cr, Mn, Fe, As, Zn) in Fatehpur district, Uttar Pradesh bordered by Ganga and Yamuna rivers in the north and south respectively. The affirmative values of uranium on liquid scintillation counter was observed in positive correlation with chromium and lead near the interface of the saturated-unsaturated zone, while zinc, arsenic and iron were very poorly correlated.

2 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review article focuses on the chemistry and biological activities of pyrimidine during past years as they are available in the substructures of therapeutic imperative products.

46 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Uranium concentration/contamination in groundwater is currently a subject of concern all over the world due to related severe health problems to humans, as groundwater is the main drinking water source in rural and urban India and also in several parts of the world as discussed by the authors .
Abstract: Uranium concentration/contamination in groundwater is currently a subject of concern all over the world due to related severe health problems to humans, as groundwater is the main drinking water source in rural and urban India and also in several parts of the world. Uranium concentration in groundwater in shallow aquifers in various states such as Punjab, Rajasthan, Karnataka Telangana, and Madhya Pradesh of India varies from 0 to 1443 ng/ml exceeding the permissible levels by WHO for drinking water (30 ng/ml), at several places. Very high concentrations ranging up to 1400 ng/ml were reported in some areas in other countries such as Canada, the USA, Mongolia, Burundi, Zambia, Nigeria, South Korea, Pakistan, Jordon, Afghanistan, China, and Myanmar. Various natural aspects which influence the uranium concentration in groundwater such as bedrock geology, water chemistry, and redox conditions, and anthropogenic sources such as mining activities (uranium, coal, and phosphate rock), nuclear activities, agricultural practices of using phosphate fertilizers, and prevalence of excessive nitrate in some areas, are described with examples. Some of the important analytical techniques for the precise and accurate determination of elemental and isotopic concentrations of uranium in water samples, such as LED fluorimetry, Raman spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), high-resolution ICP-MS (HR-ICP-MS), and multi-collector ICP-MS (MC-ICP-MS), are described. A number of advancements have taken place in remediation technologies for the removal of uranium in drinking water using different physical, chemical, and biological methods including rainwater harvesting. Various mitigation strategies for the effective removal of uranium from water during treatment, such as bioremediation using biochars from different sources, nanoparticle technology, and adsorption by magnesium (Mg)-iron (Fe)-based hydrotalcite-like compounds (MF-HT), are described in detail.

20 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the Biginelli synthesis that mediates the production of pyrimidine compounds has been intensively studied in recent decades, especially due to the therapeutic properties of resulting compounds, such as calcium channel blockers, anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory or antioxidant compounds.
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance was one of the top priorities for global public health before the start of the 2019 coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Moreover, in this changing medical landscape due to COVID-19, finding new organic structures with antimicrobial and antiviral properties is a priority in current research. The Biginelli synthesis that mediates the production of pyrimidine compounds has been intensively studied in recent decades, especially due to the therapeutic properties of the resulting compounds, such as calcium channel blockers, anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory or antioxidant compounds. In this review we aim to review the Biginelli syntheses reported recently in the literature that mediates the synthesis of antimicrobial compounds, the spectrum of their medicinal properties, and the structure-activity relationship in the studied compounds.

19 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
03 May 2021-Land
TL;DR: The main purpose of the two consecutive experimental studies presented in this paper was to compare the effect of salinity on nutrients in leaves of the halophytic plant species Portulaca oleracea L. and in soil.
Abstract: The main purpose of the two consecutive experimental studies presented here was to compare the effect of salinity on nutrients in leaves of the halophytic plant species Portulaca oleracea L. and in soil. The first experiment was conducted to study the effect of salinity on plant growth, biomass accumulation, yield, root layer development, salt accumulation, and the dynamics of changes in mineral substances in plants and soil. In the second experiment, P. oleracea seeds were sown directly into salinized soil (treated immediately before plant growth) to determine the nutrient levels in leaves and soil. Three salinity treatments (saline water solution with NaCl: T1, 5 dS m−1; T2, 9.8 dS m−1; and T3, 20 dS m−1) and a control treatment (T0, 1 dS m−1) were used in the first experiment. The soil in the second experiment was used in a previous study (performed immediately before P. oleracea growth) (salinized soil: T1, 7.2 dS m−1; T2, 8.8 dS m−1; T3, 15.6 dS m−1; T0, 1.9 dS m−1). The plants were irrigated with tap water at amounts in the range of 0.25–0.50 L/pot. Analysis of the experimental results showed that P. oleracea is resistant to salinity, is able to remove ions (400–500 kg ha−1 NaCl), and can be grown in saline soil. The results indicated that P. oleracea is able to grow in high-salinity soil. This finding was confirmed by the dry matter obtained under high-salinity conditions. Salinity stress affected nutrient uptake in leaves and soil.

14 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: The interaction effect of different levels of nitrogen and biofertilizers on number of branches per plant was found to be non-significant during both years of experimentation and the fresh weight of plant was finding to be significant during both the years.
Abstract: A pot experiment was conducted in the screen-house of the Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2011-12 and 2012-13 to investigate the effect of different levels of nitrogen (0, 10, 20 and 30 g/m2) and biofertilizers (Azotobacter andAzospirillum) on growth, yield and nutrient content of Chrysanthemum. The interaction effect of different levels of nitrogen and biofertilizers on number of branches per plant was found to be non-significant during both years of experimentation. The fresh weight of plant was found to be significant during both the years. In the year 2011-12, the maximum fresh weight of plant (102.36 g) was noticed with the application of Azospirillum along with nitrogen 20 g/m2, whereas, in second year, it was maximum (103.45 g) with the application of Azospirillum in combination of nitrogen 30 g/m2. The maximum dry weight of plant (10.52 and 10.50 g) was observed in the application of Azospirillum along with nitrogen 20 g/m2, which was at par with Azospirillum along with nitrogen 30 g/m2 (10.06 and 10.40 g). The maximum flower yield per plant (59.16 and 67.22 g) was recorded with Azospirillum application alongwith nitrogen 20 g/m2. However, in second year, it was at par with Azotobacter in combination of nitrogen 20 g/m2 (61.70 g). In the year 2011-12, the maximum nitrogen content (4.79%) was recorded in Azospirillum along with nitrogen 30 g/m2, whereas, in the next year, it was recorded maximum (4.65%) in Azotobacter along with nitrogen 30 g/m2, which was at par with Azospirillum along with nitrogen 30 g/m2 (4.55 %). Interaction effect of nitrogen and biofertilizers on phosphorus and potassium content were found to be non-significant during both the years of investigation.

13 citations