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Ranjana Jaiwal

Other affiliations: Banaras Hindu University
Bio: Ranjana Jaiwal is an academic researcher from Maharshi Dayanand University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Biosensor & Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The author has an hindex of 10, co-authored 23 publications receiving 378 citations. Previous affiliations of Ranjana Jaiwal include Banaras Hindu University.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review extensively analyses the recent advances and challenges in using molecular markers, genomics, transcriptomics, miRNAs and transgenesis for improvement in biotic and abiotic stresses, carbon assimilation capabilities, seed yield, oil content and composition in camelina for biodiesel fuel properties, nutrition and high value-added industrial products like bioplastics, wax esters and terpenoids.
Abstract: Ever-increasing global energy demand, diminishing fossil fuel reserves and environmental concerns have forced to look for renewable and sustainable alternative energy sources preferentially from non-food crops. Camelina being a short-duration, low-cost, non-food oilseed crop with high content of oil (45%) rich in unsaturated fatty acids and capable of growing in marginal lands has emerged as a potential alternative for biofuel (with low carbon emission) and industrial bio-products. However, the fatty acid profile needs to be refined to make it more efficient for biodiesel and bio-products. Attempts to improve crop yield, oil content and composition through conventional and mutation breeding have been limited due to inadequate genetic diversity and availability of mutants. Simple and easy transformation and recent upsurge in ‘omics’ data (trancriptomics and genomics) has resulted in better understanding of lipid biosynthesis and its regulation, and thus has made it possible to produce unusual lipids with modified fatty acids for new functionalities. However, further improvement is still awaited for carbon assimilation efficiency, resistance to various abiotic and biotic stresses, seed yield, oil content and composition. This review extensively analyses the recent advances and challenges in using molecular markers, genomics, transcriptomics, miRNAs and transgenesis for improvement in biotic and abiotic stresses, carbon assimilation capabilities, seed yield, oil content and composition in camelina for biodiesel fuel properties, nutrition and high value-added industrial products like bioplastics, wax esters and terpenoids.

52 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An improved amperometric sarcosine biosensor was constructed based on covalent immobilization of sarcosinesine oxidase nanoparticles (SOxNPs) onto gold electrode (AuE), which offered a low detection limit of 0.01 μM and gratifying storage stability and was unaffected by a number of serum substances at their physiological concentrations.

37 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The available treatments and new approaches to develop potent vaccines for the treatment of TB are focused on.
Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that mainly affects the lungs and spreads to other organs of the body through the haematogenous route. It is one of the ten major causes of mortality worldwide. India has the highest incidence of new- and multidrug-resistant (MDR) - TB cases in the world. Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the vaccine commonly available against TB. BCG does offer some protection against serious forms of TB in childhood but its protective effect wanes with age. Many new innovative strategies are being trailed for the development of effective and potent vaccines like mucosal- and epitope-based vaccines, which may replace BCG or boost BCG responses. The use of nanotechnology for diagnosis and treatment of TB is also in the pipeline along with many other vaccines, which are under clinical trials. Further, in-silico models were developed for finding new drug targets and designing drugs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). These models offer the benefit of computational experiments which are easy, inexpensive and give quick results. This review will focus on the available treatments and new approaches to develop potent vaccines for the treatment of TB.

20 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that response in the present study is not a pharmacological effect of drugs but temporal synergism of neural acitivities affected the seasonality of reproduction as only 12-hour-relation of 5-HTP and L-DOPA maintained breeding activity during post reproductive phase of annual gonad cycle in Palm Squirrel.
Abstract: Daily injections of L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA, dopamine precursor) given 12 hour after 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP, serotonin precursor) eliminated annual testicular regression in seasonally breeding sub-tropical Palm Squirrel that undergoes seasonal changes in responsiveness to day-length and humidity. Other temporal relations (L-DOPA given 0, 4, 8, 16 and 20 hours after 5-HTP administration) decreased/delayed the rate of regression and maintained the reproductive system at intermediate level. 12-hour-relation maintained full breeding condition (maximum gonad and accessory sex organs) unlike control, which exhibited complete atrophy of primary and accessory sex organs.

19 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The regeneration competent cells present at the cut ends of petiole are fully exposed and are, thus, easily accessible to Agrobacterium, making this plant regeneration protocol amenable for the production of transgenic plants.
Abstract: An efficient, rapid and direct multiple shoot regeneration system amenable to Agrobacterium-mediated transformation from primary leaf with intact petiole of blackgram (Vigna mungo) is established for the first time The effect of the explant type and its age, type and concentration of cytokinin and auxin either alone or in combination and genotype on multiple shoot regeneration efficiency and frequency was optimized The primary leaf explants with petiole excised from 4-day-old seedlings directly developed multiple shoots (an average of 10 shoots/ explant) from the cut ends of the petiole in 95 % of the cultures on MSB (MS salts and B5 vitamins) medium containing 10 μM 6-benzylaminopurine Elongated (2–3 cm) shoots were rooted on MSB medium with 25 μM indole-butyric acid and resulted plantlets were hardened and established in soil, where they resumed growth and reached maturity with normal seed set The regenerated plants were morphologically similar to seed-raised plants and required 8 weeks time from initiation of culture to establish them in soil The regeneration competent cells present at the cut ends of petiole are fully exposed and are, thus, easily accessible to Agrobacterium, making this plant regeneration protocol amenable for the production of transgenic plants The protocol was further successfully used to develop fertile transgenic plants of blackgram using Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA 105 carrying a binary vector pCAMBIA2301 that contains a neomycin phosphotransferase gene (nptII) and a β-glucuronidase (GUS) gene (uidA) interrupted with an intron The presence and integration of transgenes in putative T0 plants were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Southern blot hybridization, respectively The transgenes were inherited in Mendelian fashion in T1 progeny and a transformation frequency of 13 % was obtained This protocol can be effectively used for transferring new traits in blackgram and other legumes for their quantitative and qualitative improvements

15 citations


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Journal Article
TL;DR: Prevalence estimates for stage 3 to 5 CKD are around 4 million yet, less than 30% of these subjects are believed to be followed at nephrology clinics, while fewer than five (mainly stage 4 and 5 patients) are actually followed by a nephrologist.
Abstract: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially the early stages, is still not exactly known. This is also true for CKD stage 3, when cardiovascular and other major complications generally appear. The NANHES data have shown a steady increase in the prevalence of CKD 3 up to 7.7% in 2004. Chronic kidney disease and renal failure are underdiagnosed all over the world. In Italy, prevalence estimates for stage 3 to 5 CKD are around 4 million yet, less than 30% of these subjects are believed to be followed at nephrology clinics. This means that in Italy for every dialyzed patient there are about 85 individuals with possibly progressive kidney disease, while fewer than five (mainly stage 4 and 5 patients) are actually followed by a nephrologist.

491 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used molecular genetic mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) of several complex traits that are important in breeding to enhance the prediction of phenotypes from genotypes for cereal breeding.

251 citations

Book ChapterDOI
11 Jan 2013

160 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review focuses on the genome editing strategies for rice improvement and sheds light on the role of CRISPR/Cpf1 and base editors in the field of genome editing highlighting major challenges and future implications of these tools in rice improvement.
Abstract: Rice (Oryza sativa L) is the major food source for more than three billion people of the world In the last few decades, the classical, mutational, and molecular breeding approaches have brought about tremendous increase in rice productivity with the development of novel rice varieties However, stagnation in rice yield has been reported in recent decade owing to several factors including the emergence of pests and phyto pathogens, climate change, and other environmental issues posing great threat to global food security There is an urgent need to produce more rice and associated cereals to satisfy the mammoth task of feeding a still growing population expected to reach 97 billion by 2050 Advances in genomics and emergence of multiple genome-editing technologies through use of engineered site-specific nucleases (SSNs) have revolutionized the field of plant science and agriculture Among them, the CRISPR/Cas9 system is the most advanced and widely accepted because of its simplicity, robustness, and high efficiency The availability of huge genomic resources together with a small genome size makes rice more suitable and feasible for genetic manipulation As such, rice has been increasingly used to test the efficiency of different types of genome editing technologies to study the functions of various genes and demonstrate their potential in genetic improvement Recently developed approaches including CRISPR/Cpf1 system and base editors have evolved as more efficient and accurate genome editing tools which might accelerate the pace of crop improvement In the present review, we focus on the genome editing strategies for rice improvement, thereby highlighting the applications and advancements of CRISPR/Cas9 system This review also sheds light on the role of CRISPR/Cpf1 and base editors in the field of genome editing highlighting major challenges and future implications of these tools in rice improvement

117 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Findings provide important information for future allele/gene identification using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and marker-assisted selection (MAS) to enhance genetic gain in C. sativa breeding programs.
Abstract: There is a need to explore renewable alternatives (e.g., biofuels) that can produce energy sources to help reduce the reliance on fossil oils. In addition, the consumption of fossil oils adversely affects the environment and human health via the generation of waste water, greenhouse gases, and waste solids. Camelina sativa, originated from southeastern Europe and southwestern Asia, is being re-embraced as an industrial oilseed crop due to its high seed oil content (36-47%) and high unsaturated fatty acid composition (>90%), which are suitable for jet fuel, biodiesel, high-value lubricants and animal feed. C. sativa's agronomic advantages include short time to maturation, low water and nutrient requirements, adaptability to adverse environmental conditions and resistance to common pests and pathogens. These characteristics make it an ideal crop for sustainable agricultural systems and regions of marginal land. However, the lack of genetic and genomic resources has slowed the enhancement of this emerging oilseed crop and exploration of its full agronomic and breeding potential. Here, a core of 213 spring C. sativa accessions was collected and genotyped. The genotypic data was used to characterize genetic diversity and population structure to infer how natural selection and plant breeding may have affected the formation and differentiation within the C. sativa natural populations, and how the genetic diversity of this species can be used in future breeding efforts. A total of 6,192 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technology. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) value of 0.29 indicate moderate genetic diversity for the C. sativa spring panel evaluated in this report. Population structure and principal coordinates analyses (PCoA) based on SNPs revealed two distinct subpopulations. Sub-population 1 (POP1) contains accessions that mainly originated from Germany while the majority of POP2 accessions (>75%) were collected from Eastern Europe. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) identified 4% variance among and 96% variance within subpopulations, indicating a high gene exchange (or low genetic differentiation) between the two subpopulations. These findings provide important information for future allele/gene identification using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and marker-assisted selection (MAS) to enhance genetic gain in C. sativa breeding programs.

116 citations