Raymond J. Dolan

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that this bidirectional modification of episodic encoding by emotion depends on the integrity of the amygdala, as both retrograde and anterograde modulatory effects are absent.

Abstract: A striking feature of schizophrenia is the diversity of the phenomenology both within and between patients. This diversity can be contrasted with the well-circumscribed and stable deficits seen in classic neuropsychological syndromes. The argument will be advanced that the classic lesion model, based on the notion of a segregated deficit, is inappropriate in schizophrenia. Instead the idea will be developed that a more appropriate model is one derived from concepts of neural integration across large-scale brain networks. Empirical data derived from positron emission tomography (PET) within our laboratory that provide support for this suggestion will be presented. One critical observation from these data is a disruption of prefrontal-temporal interactions, under a variety of cognitive activation paradigms, in both chronic medicated and acute unmedicated schizophrenic patients. Furthermore, these data indicate that both regional and interregional neuronal function, including prefrontal-temporal interactions, can be significantly modulated by a neurochemical perturbation of ascending dopaminergic systems. The latter observations suggest that the deficit of abnormal cortico-cortical interactions are to some extent modifiable by neuromodulatory neurotransmitter systems.

TL;DR: A recently developed multivariate decoding method is applied to high-resolution fMRI data in subjects performing an instrumental learning task and finds strong evidence that both action-specific and action-independent value signals are represented in a distributed fashion.

TL;DR: The authors conclude that the pattern of deficit in patients with cerebellar pathology is characteristic enough to suggest that it forms a recognizable syndrome, the Cerebellar Cognitive Affective Syndrome, and note a strong tendency for posterior lobe lesions to be associated with the core syndrome.

TL;DR: These results confirm earlier findings using a verbal WM task in high-dissociative participants, and are compatible with the conceptualization of non-pathological dissociation as an information-processing style, characterized by distinct attentional and mnemonic abilities.