Razali Yusuf

Bio: Razali Yusuf is an academic researcher from Indonesian Institute of Sciences. The author has contributed to research in topics: Basal area & Shorea laevis. The author has an hindex of 4, co-authored 11 publications receiving 142 citations.

Floristics and structure of a lowland dipterocarp forest at wanariset samboja, east kalimantan, indonesia

Abstract: KARTAWINATA, K., PURWANINGSIH, PARTOMIHARDJO, T., YUSUF, R., ABDULHADI, R. & RISWAN,S. 2008.Floristics and structure of a lowland dipterocarp forest at Wanariset Samboja, East Kalimantan, Indonesia.Reinwardtia 12(4): 301– 323. — The results of a floristic inventory of trees with DBH < 10 cm in a lowland dipterocarp forest in East Kalimantan show that 553 species of 192 genera in 62 families, represented by 5847 individuals, with the total basal 2 area of 350.01 m occurred in the plot of 10.5 hectare sampled. The two leading families in terms of number of species were Myrtaceae and Lauraceae while according to the total sum of importance values for families were Dipterocarpaceae and Euphorbiaceae. The forest had the second highest species richness in Indonesia. We recorded 225 species of dipterocarps , constituting 4.53 % of total species with basal area of 85.53 m . or 24.44 % of the total basal area in the plot. Shorea laevis (a diptererocarp) and Pholidocarpus majadum, (a palm) were the most prominent species occurring here and were two of the ten leading species. The species-area curve rose steadily even up to an area of 10.5 hectare, with a very slight indication of levelling off at about five hectares, indicating high heterogeneity of the forest. Three largest trees were Shorea pauciflora (DBH = 196.50 cm) Dipterocarpus cornutus (DBH = 170.90 cm), and Alstonia scholaris (DBH = 170.00 cm) , Some species could be identified as fruit trees and medicinal plants.

Phytosociological study of the montane forest on the south slope of mt. wilis, east java, indonesia

Abstract: PURWANINGSIH, POLOSOKAN, R., YUSUF, R. & KARTAWINATA, K. 2017. Phytosociological study of the montane forest on the south slope of Mt. Wilis, East Java. Indonesia. Reinwardtia 16(1): 31 - 45. —A phytosociological stud y of a montane forest was carried out on the south slope of Mount Wilis, Kediri, East Java. The objective of the study was to do quantitative measurements of floristic composition and structure of the montane forest located within the seasonally dry climatic region as to date no such study has been undertaken there. It was conducted using the quadrat method by establishing plots of 2500 m2 each at five locations at the altitudes of 1100 m asl (above sea level), 1200 m asl, 1300 m asl, 1400 m asl and 1500 m asl, thus the total area sampled was 1.25 ha. They were Plot1100 at Bekayang, Plot1200 at Bukit Bendera, Plot1300 at Batutulis, Plot1400 at Mergosepi and Plot1500 at Brak. A total of 1045 trees comprising 74 species of 50 genera and 33 families were recorded. Based on a species constancy index of 100 %, the Saurauia nudiflora-Weinmannia blumei association was established. The association consisted of (1) the Cyathea-Polycias subassociation, representing the heavily disturbed forest, currently dominated by Cyathea contaminans and (2) the Villebrunea-Syzygium subassociation, representing the least disturbed forests, dominated by Syzygium lineatum and Villebrunea rubescens. The lowest number of species (13) was recorded in Plot1100 and the highest number (39) in Plot1300. Important species recorded included Cyathea contaminans (Importance Value, IV= 47.97); Lithocarpus sp. (IV= 22.07); Lithocarpus sundaicus (IV= 14.05); Saurauia pendula (IV= 12.85); Villebrunea rubescens (IV= 12.12) and Syzygium lineatum (IV= 11.22). Diameter measurements showed that 76.60 % of trees in Plot1100 and 86.60 % in Plot1200 consist of small individuals with diameters between 10 and 30 cm. Trees with large diameters of >30 cm occurred in Plot1300, Plot1400 and Plot1500. The presence of large numbers of small trees and lesser numbers of trees with large diameters in a forest stand indicated that the stand was regenerating after heavy disturbance. The presence of the majority of trees with height of < 20 m (99 %) further confirmed the forest’s dynamic status.

Analisa Vegetasi Hutan Pegunungan di Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai, Majalengka, Jawa Barat

Abstract: The Mountain Rain Forest Vegetation Analysis in Ciremai Mountain National Park, Majalengka, West Jawa. Vegetation study on some different altitude in Ciremai Mountain National Park has been carried out with a quadrat methode. Ten plots were set up in altitude at 1600– 2050 m. The results of a floristic inventory of 1.2 hectare sampled plot show that there were 57 species of 42 genera in 28 families, represented by 1069 individuals. The two leading families in terms of number of species were Euphorbiaceae and Fagaceae while according to the most prominent species were Engelhardia spicata (Juglandaceae). There are differences of both zonation and altitudinal forest disturbance. The zone of 1600–1700 m asl. dominated by secondary species such as Saurauia nudiflora, Glochidion arborescens, Glochidion rubrum, Ficus fistulosa, Vernonia arborea and Villebrunea rubescens. In altitude of >1900 m asl. dominated by primary species such as Macropanax dispermum, Astronia spectabilis, Turpinia spaerocarpa, Elaeocarpus oxypyren and Syzygium laxiflorum. The forest structure could be seen by diameter and height stem classes distribution. Although the most of trees are small in size, but there have been still some largest trees were Engelhardia spicata, Turpinia sphaerocarpa and Astronia spectabilis. Key words: West Java, Ciremai Mountain National Park, forest zonation, structure and species composition

Traditional herbal medicines for malaria.

Abstract: Traditional medicines have been used to treat malaria for thousands of years and are the source of the two main groups (artemisinin and quinine derivatives) of modern antimalarial drugs. With the problems of increasing levels of drug resistance and difficulties in poor areas of being able to afford and access effective antimalarial drugs, traditional medicines could be an important and sustainable source of treatment. The Research Initiative on Traditional Antimalarial Methods (RITAM) was founded in 1999 with the aim of furthering research on traditional medicines for malaria.1 The initiative now has in excess of 200 members from over 30 countries. It has conducted systematic literature reviews and prepared guidelines aiming to standardise and improve the quality of ethnobotanical, pharmacological, and clinical studies on herbal antimalarials and on plant based methods of insect repellence and vector control. We review some of this work and outline what can be learnt from the developing countries on the management and control of malaria. We carried out searches of relevant articles published up to 2004 through Medline, Embase, CAB, Sociofile, and the central clinical trials database of the Cochrane Library, using the terms “traditional medicine” and “malaria”, “malaria-therapy”, “knowledge,-attitudes,-practice”, “self-medication”, and “drug-utilisation”. We also searched the references of identified articles and handsearched journals on ethnobotany, herbal medicines, and tropical medicine, such as the Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Fitoterapia, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Tropical Medicine , and International Health . Authors were contacted for unpublished papers. #### Summary points Over 1200 plant species from 160 families are used to treat malaria and fever On average, a fifth of patients use traditional herbal remedies for malaria in endemic countries Larger, more rigorous randomised controlled trials are needed with long term follow up So far only a few studies have reported on side effects from …

Antiparasitic properties of medicinal plants and other naturally occurring products.

Abstract: Parasitic diseases remain a major public health problem affecting hundreds of millions of people, particularly in tropical developing countries. The limited availability and affordability of pharmaceutical medicines means that the majority of the world's population depends on traditional medical remedies, and it is estimated that some 20,000 species of higher plant are used medicinally throughout the world. Many well-known drugs listed in the modern pharmacopoeia have their origins in nature, including, for example, quinine from the bark of the Cinchona tree for the treatment of malaria, which has been followed by the subsequent development of the synthetic derivatives chloroquine, amodiaquine, primaquine and mefloquine. More recently, the wider recognition of the antimalarial activity of artemisinin from the herb Artemisia annua has led current research to focus on the development of a large number of synthetic and semisynthetic compounds, which are more active than artemisinin. There is an increasing awareness of the potential of natural products, which may lead to the development of much-needed new antiparasitic drugs. In this chapter, we have drawn together a comprehensive list of medicinal plants and other natural products that have been shown to have activity against human and, to a lesser extent, animal parasites. In addition, some of the opportunities and difficulties in working with natural products have been reviewed and discussed, including the problems involved with evaluating complex mixtures of compounds which may occur in extracts, problems associated with differentiating between general cytotoxicity and genuine antiparasitic activity, and the hope that new technologies will rapidly accelerate new drug discovery and development in this field. Nevertheless, the way forward for natural product medicines, including the conservation of recognized natural products and protection of general biodiversity, the discovery and development process, and the promotion and usage of existing remedies, presents some difficult challenges. Following an initiative by the World Health Organization in August 2000, there is now the opportunity to evaluate scientifically many more traditional medicines and other natural products in validated antiparasite and toxicity screens, which will help establish which substances have potential for new pharmaceutical products. The use of 'untested' traditional medicines will no doubt continue, and there is an urgent need to distinguish between the efficacious and safe products and the ineffective and/or unsafe products, particularly since many remedies are being more widely promoted in developing countries.

Methods and Techniques in Ethnobiology and Ethnoecology

Abstract: In this chapter the reader will have the opportunity of a brief explanation of the terms most commonly used by ethnobiologist and ethnoecologist as well as access to information about procedures for contact with the informant, theoretical and practical to check the validity and reliability of information obtained, and which the main measures to be adopted in resolving the problem of sampling.