Reid W. von Borstel

Bio: Reid W. von Borstel is an academic researcher from University of Texas System. The author has contributed to research in topics: Uridine & Uridine Triacetate. The author has an hindex of 11, co-authored 31 publications receiving 506 citations.

Compounds for the treatment of metabolic disorders

Abstract: Compounds useful for the treatment of various metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver disease, cachexia, obesity, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis, are disclosed.

Treatment of chemotherapeutic agent and antiviral agent toxicity with acylated pyrimidine nucleosides

Abstract: The subject invention discloses compounds, compositions and methods for treatment and prevention of toxicity due to chemotherapeutic agents and antiviral agents. Disclosed are acylated derivatives of non-methylated pyrimidine nucleosides. These compounds are capable of attenuating damage to the hematopoietic system in animals receiving antiviral or antineoplastic chemotherapy.

Acylated uridine and cytidine and uses thereof

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions comprising acyl derivatives of cytidine and uridine. The invention also relates to methods of treating hepatopathies, diabetes, heart disease, cerebrovascular disorders, Parkinson's disease, infant respiratory distress syndrome and for enhancement of phospholipid biosynthesis comprising administering the acyl derivatives of the invention to an animal.

Acyl deoxyribonucleoside derivatives and uses thereof

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions comprising acyl derivatives of 2′-deoxyribonucleosides. The invention also relates to methods of treating or preventing radiation, mutagen and sunlight-induced biological damage, and methods for improving wound healing and tissue repair, comprising administering the compositions of the present invention to an animal.

Compositions of chemotherapeutic agent or antiviral agent with acylated pyrimidine nucleosides

Abstract: The subject invention discloses compounds, compositions and methods for treatment and prevention of toxicity due to chemotherapeutic agents and antiviral agents. Disclosed are acylated derivatives of non-methylated pyrimidine nucleosides. These compounds are capable of attenuating damage to the hematopoietic system in animals receiving antiviral or antineoplastic chemotherapy.

The expanding role of prodrugs in contemporary drug design and development

Abstract: Prodrugs are molecules with little or no pharmacological activity that are converted to the active parent drug in vivo by enzymatic or chemical reactions or by a combination of the two. Prodrugs have evolved from being serendipitously discovered or used as a salvage effort to being intentionally designed. Such efforts can avoid drug development challenges that limit formulation options or result in unacceptable biopharmaceutical or pharmacokinetic performance, or poor targeting. In the past 10 years, the US Food and Drug Administration has approved at least 30 prodrugs, which accounts for more than 12% of all approved small-molecule new chemical entities. In this Review, we highlight prodrug design strategies for improved formulation and pharmacokinetic and targeting properties, with a focus on the most recently marketed prodrugs. We also discuss preclinical and clinical challenges and considerations in prodrug design and development.

Methods and compositions for treating hepatitis C virus

Abstract: A method and composition for treating a host infected with hepatitis C comprising administering an effective hepatitis C treatment amount of a described 1′, 2′ or 3′-modified nucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, is provided.

Combination therapies for b-cell lymphomas comprising administration of anti-cd20 antibody

Abstract: New combined therapeutic regimens for treatment of B-cell lymphomas are disclosed which comprise in particular administration of anti-CD20 antibodies to patients having low-, intermediate- or high-grade non-Hodgkins lymphomas.

Measurement of michaelis constants for cytochrome P450-mediated biotransformation reactions using a substrate depletion approach

Abstract: The Michaelis constant (KM) for cytochrome P450-mediated drug biotransformation reactions can be an important parameter in understanding the potential for a drug to exhibit saturable metabolism in vivo and nonlinear dose-exposure relationships. KM values were measured for several drug biotransformation reactions using recombinant heterologously expressed human enzymes. These determinations were made using an approach of monitoring substrate loss ("in vitro t1/2" method) at multiple substrate concentrations, with the objective of comparing KM values determined by this approach with KM values determined using the conventional approach of measuring product formation rates at several substrate concentrations. The reactions examined were CYP2C9-catalyzed diclofenac 4'-hydroxylation, CYP2D6-catalyzed dextromethorphan O-demethylation and thioridazine S-oxidation, CYP2C19-catalyzed imipramine N-demethylation, CYP3A4-catalyzed midazolam 1'-hydroxylation, and CYP1A2-catalyzed tacrine 1-hydroxylation. KM values spanned an 80-fold range from 0.12 microM (CYP2D6-catalyzed thioridazine S-oxidation) to 9.8 microM (CYP2C19-catalyzed imipramine N-demethylation). On average, KM values determined by the substrate depletion approach were within 1.54-fold of those determined by measuring product formation. Thus, KM values can be determined for drug metabolism reactions without requiring knowledge of metabolite structures or requiring authentic standards of metabolites for use in construction of standard curves for quantitative bioanalysis. The in vitro t1/2 approach of determining KM values should be useful in early drug discovery efforts to identify those compounds with low KM values and, hence, a greater probability of exhibiting supraproportional dose-exposure relationships.

Methods and compositions for treating flaviviruses and pestiviruses

Abstract: A method and composition for treating a host infected with flavivirus or pestivirus comprising administering an effective flavivirus or pestivirus treatment amount of a described 1′, 2′ or 3′-modified nucleoside or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug thereof, is provided.