Erratum to: DiabetologiaDOI 10.1007/s00125-012-2534-0In the text box ‘Properties of currently available glucose-lowering agents that may guide treatment choice in individualpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ’ vildagliptin was incor-rectly assigned footnote ‘a’ (Limited use in the USA/Europe)instead of footnote ‘b’ (Not licensed in the USA).

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Management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes: a patient-centered approach. Position statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)

Background The efficacy of thiazolidinediones, as compared with other oral glucose-lowering medications, in maintaining long-term glycemic control in type 2 diabetes is not known. Methods We evaluated rosiglitazone, metformin, and glyburide as initial treatment for recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes in a double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial involving 4360 patients. The patients were treated for a median of 4.0 years. The primary outcome was the time to monotherapy failure, which was defined as a confirmed level of fasting plasma glucose of more than 180 mg per deciliter (10.0 mmol per liter), for rosiglitazone, as compared with metformin or glyburide. Prespecified secondary outcomes were levels of fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin, insulin sensitivity, and β-cell function. Results Kaplan–Meier analysis showed a cumulative incidence of monotherapy failure at 5 years of 15% with rosiglitazone, 21% with metformin, and 34% with glyburide. This represents a risk reduction of 32% for...

/pdf/glycemic-durability-of-rosiglitazone-metformin-or-glyburide-5524fp5c2e.pdf

Glycemic durability of rosiglitazone, metformin, or glyburide monotherapy.

The American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes have briefly updated their 2018 recommendations on management of hyperglycemia, based on important research findings from large cardiovascular outcomes trials published in 2019. Important changes include: 1) the decision to treat high-risk individuals with a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist or sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor to reduce major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), hospitalization for heart failure (hHF), cardiovascular death, or chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression should be considered independently of baseline HbA1c or individualized HbA1c target; 2) GLP-1 receptor agonists can also be considered in patients with type 2 diabetes without established cardiovascular disease (CVD) but with the presence of specific indicators of high risk; and 3) SGLT2 inhibitors are recommended in patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure, particularly those with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, to reduce hHF, MACE, and CVD death, as well as in patients with type 2 diabetes with CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate 30 to ≤60 mL min-1 [1.73 m]-2 or urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio >30 mg/g, particularly >300 mg/g) to prevent the progression of CKD, hHF, MACE, and cardiovascular death.

/pdf/management-of-hyperglycemia-in-type-2-diabetes-2018-a-1u146pkf24.pdf

Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes, 2018. A Consensus Report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)

/pdf/erratum-management-of-hyperglycaemia-in-type-2-diabetes-a-36lkh3eaz5.pdf

Erratum: Management of hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes: A patient-centered approach. Position statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) (Diabetologia (2013) 56 (680))

https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(05)61032-X.pdf

Type 2 diabetes - principles of pathogenesis and therapy

Thiazolidinediones(TDs)是一类新型的胰岛素抵抗治疗药物。动物及临床实验证实TDs通过激活核受体过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ(PPAR-γ)显著增加胰岛素敏感性，改善胰岛β-细胞功能，降低血糖和胰岛素水平，缓解高血压及脂代谢紊乱，对2型糖尿病大血管和微血管病变亦具有保护作用。临床使用耐受性好，低血糖发生率低。但其中的Troglitazone具有明显的肝脏毒性。

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Papers

胰岛素增敏剂一Thiazolidinediones研究现状