Richa Barsainya

Bio: Richa Barsainya is an academic researcher from Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology. The author has contributed to research in topics: Digital filter & Filter design. The author has an hindex of 5, co-authored 17 publications receiving 87 citations.

Design of minimum multiplier fractional order differentiator based on lattice wave digital filter.

Abstract: In this paper, a novel design of fractional order differentiator (FOD) based on lattice wave digital filter (LWDF) is proposed which requires minimum number of multiplier for its structural realization. Firstly, the FOD design problem is formulated as an optimization problem using the transfer function of lattice wave digital filter. Then, three optimization algorithms, namely, genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and cuckoo search algorithm (CSA) are applied to determine the optimal LWDF coefficients. The realization of FOD using LWD structure increases the design accuracy, as only N number of coefficients are to be optimized for Nth order FOD. Finally, two design examples of 3rd and 5th order lattice wave digital fractional order differentiator (LWDFOD) are demonstrated to justify the design accuracy. The performance analysis of the proposed design is carried out based on magnitude response, absolute magnitude error (dB), root mean square (RMS) magnitude error, arithmetic complexity, convergence profile and computation time. Simulation results are attained to show the comparison of the proposed LWDFOD with the published works and it is observed that an improvement of 29% is obtained in the proposed design. The proposed LWDFOD approximates the ideal FOD and surpasses the existing ones reasonably well in mid and high frequency range, thereby making the proposed LWDFOD a promising technique for the design of digital FODs.

FPGA implementation of Hilbert transformer based on lattice wave digital filters

Abstract: The minimum hardware and low power dissipation have always been the main concern for the efficient filter implementation. In this paper, an effective way of implementing the lattice wave digital structure of the Hilbert transformer with canonic signed digit code (CSDC) coefficients is proposed. Further, the proposed structure is implemented using carry save adders rather than slow ripple carry adders. This increases the speed of overall filter structure compared to the conventional way of implementing the filter with CSDC coefficients. The proposed Hilbert transformer is implemented and successfully tested on Xilinx Spartan XC3s200-4ft256 field programmable gate array (FPGA) device. The effectiveness of the proposed design method is proven with an example.

A new realization of wave digital filters using GIC and fractional bilinear transform

Abstract: In this paper, a new class of second-order digital filters is developed by using the concept of wave characterization, fractional bilinear transform and generalized immittance converter (GIC). These second-order digital filter sections are used as building blocks in cascade synthesis. During the realization procedure, fractional bilinear transform is utilized for analog to digital conversion to get more competent digital filter sections. The noise performance of the proposed filter sections is compared with that of already known GIC second order digital filter sections. The proposed synthesis yields lowpass and highpass filters with ameliorated signal to noise ratio in comparison to that of the conventional GIC digital filters.

Minimum multiplier implementation of a comb filter using lattice wave digital filter

Abstract: The minimum hardware and low power dissipation are the main concern for efficient filter implementation. A method to design and implement the comb lattice wave digital filter with only one multiplier, small area and low power dissipation is proposed. Lattice wave digital filter is used for filter realization due to its excellent properties. A design level area optimization is done by converting constant multipliers into shifts and adds using canonical signed digit code (CSDC) technique. The filter is implemented and successfully tested on Xilinx Spartan XC3s200-4ft256 field programmable gate array (FPGA) device. The effectiveness of the proposed design method is proven with an example.

Digital Signal Processing A Computer Based Approach

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Design of wavelet transform based electrocardiogram monitoring system.

Abstract: The new age advancements in information technology due to materials and integrated circuit (IC) technologies and their applications in biomedical sciences have made the healthcare facilities more compact and affordable for the aging population. Market trends in healthcare and related devices indicate a sharp rise in their demand. Hence the researchers have converged the efforts on designing more smart and advanced medical devices using IC technology. Among these devices, cardiac pacemakers have become a recurrent biomedical device which is engrafted in the human body to detect and monitor a person's heart beating rate. The data thus generated is processed for various medical usages and devices via wireless methods. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) or diseases related to the heart are due to abnormalities or disorders of the heart and blood vessels. Till date, limited literature is available which focuses on a single technique that can perform all of the ECG signal denoising, ECG detection, lossless data compression and wireless transmission. In this work, a joint approach for denoising, detection, compression, and wireless transmission of ECG signal is proposed. The modified biorthogonal wavelet transform is used for denoising, detection and lossless compression of ECG signal. To reduce the circuit complexity, biorthogonal wavelet transform is realized using linear phase structure. Further, it is found in this work that the usage of modified biorthogonal wavelet transform increases the detection accuracy and CR of the proposed design. Also, in this work, the Wi-Fi-based wireless protocol is used for compressed data transmission. The proposed ECG detector achieves the highest sensitivity and positive predictivity of 99.95% and 99.92%, respectively, with the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database. The use of modified biorthogonal 3.1 wavelet transform and run-length encoding (RLE) for the compression of ECG data achieves a higher compression ratio (CR) of 6.271. To justify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, which uses modified biorthogonal wavelet 3.1transform, the results are compared with the existing methods, namely, Huffman coding/simple predictor, Huffman coding/adaptive, and slope predictor/fixed length packaging.

A simple fractional-order chaotic system without equilibrium and its synchronization

Abstract: There has been an increasing interest in discovering no-equilibrium chaotic systems recently. In this paper, a novel three dimensional fractional-order chaotic system, which has no equilibrium, is introduced. Dynamics of the system has been studied. It is interesting that the system can exhibit coexisting chaotic attractors for the order as low as 2.7. The adjustable feature of a variable is studied by introducing a single controlled constant. Circuit implementation of the system is proposed to show its feasibility. In addition, we have designed the controllers to investigate coexisting synchronization types of such a new fractional-order system. Numerical examples have verified the proposed synchronization schemes.

An efficient side lobe reduction technique considering mutual coupling effect in linear array antenna using BAT algorithm

Abstract: This paper presents an investigation of mutual coupling effect among the array elements in a symmetric linear array antenna with the aim of reducing the side lobe level and the null control for the radiation pattern synthesis using BAT Algorithm. PSO and DE optimization techniques are also adopted for the sake of comparison and to prove the superiority of BAT algorithm based design. Reduced side lobe level and null control, with and without considering the mutual coupling effect in the cost function have been achieved by an optimum perturbation of the array elements' current excitation amplitude weights and the inter-element spacing among the array elements. The results are also compared with those of a uniform reference array having equal number of elements with λ 2 inter-element spacing. The approach proposed in this paper is a generic one and can be easily applied to any type of symmetrical linear arrays having any number of elements. Five different design examples are presented and their performances are studied to illustrate the capability of BAT algorithm based approach over those of PSO and DE.

Design of minimum multiplier fractional order differentiator based on lattice wave digital filter.

Abstract: In this paper, a novel design of fractional order differentiator (FOD) based on lattice wave digital filter (LWDF) is proposed which requires minimum number of multiplier for its structural realization. Firstly, the FOD design problem is formulated as an optimization problem using the transfer function of lattice wave digital filter. Then, three optimization algorithms, namely, genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and cuckoo search algorithm (CSA) are applied to determine the optimal LWDF coefficients. The realization of FOD using LWD structure increases the design accuracy, as only N number of coefficients are to be optimized for Nth order FOD. Finally, two design examples of 3rd and 5th order lattice wave digital fractional order differentiator (LWDFOD) are demonstrated to justify the design accuracy. The performance analysis of the proposed design is carried out based on magnitude response, absolute magnitude error (dB), root mean square (RMS) magnitude error, arithmetic complexity, convergence profile and computation time. Simulation results are attained to show the comparison of the proposed LWDFOD with the published works and it is observed that an improvement of 29% is obtained in the proposed design. The proposed LWDFOD approximates the ideal FOD and surpasses the existing ones reasonably well in mid and high frequency range, thereby making the proposed LWDFOD a promising technique for the design of digital FODs.