Richard A. Flavell

TL;DR: Whereas T-cell populations from nontransgenic mice proliferate in response to receptor crosslinking with Vβ5- and Vβ17a-specific antibodies, T cells from INS-I-E mice do not, and this provides direct evidence that T- cell tolerance by clonal paralysis5–9 does occur during normal T-cells development in vivo.

TL;DR: The idea that the presence or absence of specific immunologically important members of the microbiota can determine disease susceptibility is highlighted and it is proposed that the identification and characterization of these bacteria in humans will eventually allow us to elucidate the role of microbiota composition in human disease.

TL;DR: It is reported here that the development of tolerance to H pylori protects from gastric cancer precursor lesions, and the age at initial infection may account for the differential susceptibility of infected persons to Hpylori-associated disease manifestations.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that a mouse transgenic for directed expression of a dominant-negative form of TGF-β receptor type II (dnTGFβRII), under the direction of the CD4 promoter, mimics several key phenotypic features of human PBC, including spontaneous production of AMAs directed to the same mitochondrial autoantigens, namely PDC-E 2, BCOADC-E2, and OGDC- E2.

TL;DR: New studies highlight the importance of the recently identified Th17 subset in IBD, and Therapeutics targeting these aberrant Th responses are already under development and hold promise for treating IBD and other chronic inflammatory diseases.