Robert Stehrer

Bio: Robert Stehrer is an academic researcher from Johannes Kepler University of Linz. The author has contributed to research in topics: Productivity & European union. The author has an hindex of 34, co-authored 241 publications receiving 6963 citations.

An Illustrated User Guide to the World Input-Output Database : the Case of Global Automotive Production

Abstract: This article provides guidance to prudent use of the World Input–Output Database (WIOD) in analyses of international trade. The WIOD contains annual time-series of world input–output tables and factor requirements covering the period from 1995 to 2011. Underlying concepts, construction methods and data sources are introduced, pointing out particular strengths and weaknesses. We illustrate its usefulness by analyzing the geographical and factorial distribution of value added in global automotive production and show increasing fragmentation, both within and across regions. Possible improvements and extensions to the data are discussed.

The construction of world input-output tables in the wiod project

Abstract: This article describes the construction of the World Input–Output Tables (WIOTs) that constitute the core of the World Input–Output Database. WIOTs are available for the period 1995–2009 and give the values of transactions among 35 industries in 40 countries plus the ‘Rest of the World’ and from these industries to households, governments and users of capital goods in the same set of countries. The article describes how information from the National Accounts, Supply and Use Tables and International Trade Statistics have been harmonized, reconciled and used for estimation procedures to arrive at a consistent time series of WIOTs.

The World Input-Output Database (WIOD): Contents, Sources and Methods

Abstract: The World Input-Output Database has been developed to analyse the effects of globalization on trade patterns, environmental pressures and socio-economic development across a wide set of countries. The database covers 27 EU countries and 13 other major countries in the world for the period from 1995 to 2009. It is downloadable at http://www.wiod.org/database/index.htm. Length: 74 pages

Slicing Up Global Value Chains

Abstract: In an already classic study of the iPod, Dedrick, Kramer, and Linden (2010) n an already classic study of the iPod, Dedrick, Kramer, and Linden (2010) discuss how the iPod is assembled in China from several hundred components discuss how the iPod is assembled in China from several hundred components and parts that are sourced from around the world. This production network is and parts that are sourced from around the world. This production network is led by Apple, a US-based company, which is estimated to capture between one-third led by Apple, a US-based company, which is estimated to capture between one-third and one-half of an iPod’s retail price. Asian fi rms like Toshiba from Japan and and one-half of an iPod’s retail price. Asian fi rms like Toshiba from Japan and Samsung from South Korea capture another major part as profi ts from manufacSamsung from South Korea capture another major part as profi ts from manufacturing high-value components, such as the hard-disk drive, display, and memory. In turing high-value components, such as the hard-disk drive, display, and memory. In contrast, assembling and testing activities by Chinese workers is estimated to capture contrast, assembling and testing activities by Chinese workers is estimated to capture no more than 2 percent. Other studies of tablets, mobile telephones, and laptops no more than 2 percent. Other studies of tablets, mobile telephones, and laptops suggest a similar pattern of specialization; advanced nations deliver capital and suggest a similar pattern of specialization; advanced nations deliver capital and high-skilled labor, capturing most of the value, while emerging countries contribute high-skilled labor, capturing most of the value, while emerging countries contribute low-skilled activities that add little value: in another vivid example, Ali-Yrkko, low-skilled activities that add little value: in another vivid example, Ali-Yrkko, Rouvinen, Seppala, and Yla-Anttila (2011) discuss the Nokia N95 smartphone. Rouvinen, Seppala, and Yla-Anttila (2011) discuss the Nokia N95 smartphone. Such case studies are mainly conducted for high-end electronics and for one point Such case studies are mainly conducted for high-end electronics and for one point in time, which raises obvious questions about the extent to which they represent broader in time, which raises obvious questions about the extent to which they represent broader patterns. How pervasive is the process of international production fragmentation for a patterns. How pervasive is the process of international production fragmentation for a

An Anatomy of the Global Trade Slowdown based on the WIOD 2016 Release

Abstract: The deceleration of world trade since 2011 has been widely discussed. How much is due to a reversal of international production fragmentation? And how much is due to decreasing demand for tradeintensive goods? We present a consistent framework that quantifies their relative importance. A central concept in our approach is the global import intensity (GII) of production. This is a novel measure of fragmentation which traces the imports needed in all stages of production. We study the period before and after the great trade collapse based on an update of the world input-output database (WIOD). The increase in GII during the period 2000-2008 was due to a combination of two forces: high demand for goods and continuous international production fragmentation. Since 2011 fragmentation halted. Moreover, demand shifted to services which are less trade intensive than goods, in particular in China. We argue that lower trade ratios are likely to remain in the near future. *We are grateful to Reitze Gouma, Oliver Reiter, Mahdi Ghodsi and Simona Jokubauskaite for excellent research assistance. We thank the European Commission Services (DG ECFIN) for providing financial support in updating the WIOD under project No. 2015/019B. Timmer acknowledges financial support from the Dutch Science Foundation (NWO) (grant number 453-14012). We thank seminar participants at CEPR/CEBRA conference “International Trade and Macroeconomic Interdependence in the Age of Global Value Chains”, Vilnius, 15-16 September 2016; BBVA World KLEMS meeting, Madrid, May 22, 2016 and ECB Compnet meeting, Prague, April 21, 2016 for stimulating comments and discussion. ** Timmer, Los and de Vries: Groningen Growth and Development Centre, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; b.los@rug.nl, m.p.timmer@rug.nl and g.j.de.vries@rug.nl. Stehrer: The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies – wiiw, Rahlgasse 3, A-1060 Vienna, Austria; stehrer@wiiw.ac.at.

The European commission

Abstract: 2 1 The innovative transport systems and the CityMobil project 10 1.1 The research questions 10 2 The state of art in the field of automatic transport systems 12 2.1 Case studies and demand studies for innovative transport systems 12 3 The design and implementation of surveys 14 3.1 Definition of experimental design 14 3.2 Questionnaire design and delivery 16 3.3 First analyses on the collected sample 18 4 Calibration of Logit Multionomial demand models 21 4.1 Methodology 21 4.2 Calibration of the “full” model. 22 4.3 Calibration of the “final” model 24 4.4 The demand analysis through the final Multinomial Logit model 25 5 The analysis of interaction between the demand and socioeconomic attributes 31 5.1 Methodology 31 5.2 Application of Mixed Logit models to the demand 31 5.3 Analysis of the interactions between demand and socioeconomic attributes through Mixed Logit models 32 5.4 Mixed Logit model and interaction between age and the demand for the CTS 38 5.5 Demand analysis with Mixed Logit model 39 6 Final analyses and conclusions 45 6.1 Comparison between the results of the analyses 45 6.2 Conclusions 48 6.3 Answers to the research questions and future developments 52

Estimation and Inference in Econometrics

Abstract: Offering a unifying theoretical perspective not readily available in any other text, this innovative guide to econometrics uses simple geometrical arguments to develop students' intuitive understanding of basic and advanced topics, emphasizing throughout the practical applications of modern theory and nonlinear techniques of estimation. One theme of the text is the use of artificial regressions for estimation, reference, and specification testing of nonlinear models, including diagnostic tests for parameter constancy, serial correlation, heteroscedasticity, and other types of mis-specification. Explaining how estimates can be obtained and tests can be carried out, the authors go beyond a mere algebraic description to one that can be easily translated into the commands of a standard econometric software package. Covering an unprecedented range of problems with a consistent emphasis on those that arise in applied work, this accessible and coherent guide to the most vital topics in econometrics today is indispensable for advanced students of econometrics and students of statistics interested in regression and related topics. It will also suit practising econometricians who want to update their skills. Flexibly designed to accommodate a variety of course levels, it offers both complete coverage of the basic material and separate chapters on areas of specialized interest.

The Oxford Handbook of Innovation

Abstract: This handbook looks to provide academics and students with a comprehensive and holistic understanding of the phenomenon of innovation. Innovation spans a number of fields within the social sciences and humanities: Management, Economics, Geography, Sociology, Politics, Psychology, and History. Consequently, the rapidly increasing body of literature on innovation is characterized by a multitude of perspectives based on, or cutting across, existing disciplines and specializations. Scholars of innovation can come from such diverse starting points that much of this literature can be missed, and so constructive dialogues missed. The editors of The Oxford Handbook of Innovation have carefully selected and designed twenty-one contributions from leading academic experts within their particular field, each focusing on a specific aspect of innovation. These have been organized into four main sections, the first of which looks at the creation of innovations, with particular focus on firms and networks. Section Two provides an account of the wider systematic setting influencing innovation and the role of institutions and organizations in this context. Section Three explores some of the diversity in the working of innovation over time and across different sectors of the economy, and Section Four focuses on the consequences of innovation with respect to economic growth, international competitiveness, and employment. An introductory overview, concluding remarks, and guide to further reading for each chapter, make this handbook a key introduction and vital reference work for researchers, academics, and advanced students of innovation. Contributors to this volume - Jan Fagerberg, University of Oslo William Lazonick, INSEAD Walter W. Powell, Stanford University Keith Pavitt, SPRU Alice Lam, Brunel University Keith Smith, INTECH Charles Edquist, Linkoping David Mowery, University of California, Berkeley Mary O'Sullivan, INSEAD Ove Granstrand, Chalmers Bjorn Asheim, University of Lund Rajneesh Narula, Copenhagen Business School Antonello Zanfei, Urbino Kristine Bruland, University of Oslo Franco Malerba, University of Bocconi Nick Von Tunzelmann, SPRU Ian Miles, University of Manchester Bronwyn Hall, University of California, Berkeley Bart Verspagen , ECIS Francisco Louca, ISEG Manuel M. Godinho, ISEG Richard R. Nelson, Mario Pianta, Urbino Bengt-Ake Lundvall, Aalborg

Online Appendix to: The Next Generation of the Penn World Table*

Abstract: We describe the theory and practice of real GDP comparisons across countries and over time. Effective with version 8, the Penn World Table (PWT) will be taken over by the University of California, Davis and the University of Groningen, with continued input from Alan Heston at the University of Pennsylvania. Version 8 will expand on previous versions of PWT in three respects. First, it will distinguish real GDP on the expenditure side from real GDP on the output side, which differ by the terms of trade faced by countries. Second, it will distinguish growth rates of GDP based on national accounts data from growth rates that are benchmarked in multiple years to cross-country price data. Third, data on capital stocks will be reintroduced. Some illustrative results from PWT version 8 are discussed, including new results that show how the Penn effect is not emergent but a stable relationship over time.

Education at a Glance

Abstract: A detailed review of the education sector in Australia as in the data provided by the 2006 edition of the OECD's annual publication, 'Education at a Glance' is presented. While the data has shown that in almost all OECD countries educational attainment levels are on the rise, with countries showing impressive gains in university qualifications, it also reveals that a large of share of young people still do not complete secondary school, which remains a baseline for successful entry into the labour market.