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Roberto Antonio León-Manco

Bio: Roberto Antonio León-Manco is an academic researcher from Cayetano Heredia University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Humanities & Mental health. The author has an hindex of 3, co-authored 11 publications receiving 17 citations.

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the perceived stress of a sample of dentists and dental students from Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as the associated sociodemographic and pandemic-related variables was investigated.
Abstract: This study aims to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically considering the mandatory social isolation measures implemented, on the perceived stress of a sample of dentists and dental students from Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as the associated sociodemographic and pandemic-related variables. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a sample of 2036 dentists and dental students (1433 women). For the main outcome, the 14-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) was used. The survey also questioned sociodemographic aspects, questions on the COVID-19 pandemic, health variables, and habits. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses (linear regression) were applied to observe the factors associated with perceived stress. The PSS-14 mean score was 24.76 (±11.76). Hierarchical regression models showed significant variables associated with the PSS-14 scores: income level during mandatory social isolation, having older adults under care during mandatory social isolation, self-perceived level of concern regarding COVID-19, self-perceived health, Coffee consumption during mandatory social isolation. In general terms, the pandemic has influenced the personal, social, labor, and everyday life of dental staff and affected the mental health of this population specifically when perceived stress is considered. Public policies, strategies, and mental health surveillance systems are required for this population.

17 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
30 Oct 2015
TL;DR: Diferencias estadisticamente signifi cativas entrela prevalencia y experiencia de caries dental en estudiantes segun facultades de the Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima-Peru, en el ano 2012 are evidenciaron diferencia asociacion de la prevalencia oficial y diferencia de promedios de Indices CPOD y CPOS.
Abstract: Objetivos: Describir la prevalencia y experiencia de caries dental en estudiantes segun facultades de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Lima-Peru, en el ano 2012. Material y metodos: Estudio descriptivo, observacional y retrospectivo, se trabajo con datos 2 bases de datos (Base 1: 3454 registros y Base 2: 3417 registros) provenientes de estudiantes de la UPCH proporcionados por el area administrativa de la Clinica Dental Docente de la misma institucion. Las variables de estudio fueron la prevalencia y experiencia de caries dental (Indices CPOD y CPOS) segun facultades,las pruebas estadisticas utilizadas fueron Chi-cuadrado y Kruskall Wallis, contando con un nivel de confi anza de 95% y p<0,05, se uso el programa estadistico SPSS v. 20.0. Resultados: Se encontro asociacion de la prevalencia de caries dental (p<0,01) y diferencia de promedios de Indices CPOD y CPOS (p<0.01) segun facultades en la UPCH. Conclusiones: Se evidenciaron diferencias estadisticamente signifi cativas entrela prevalencia y experiencia de caries dental en estudiantes segun facultades de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima-Peru, en el ano 2012.

12 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
30 Oct 2015
TL;DR: In this paper, the frecuencia de edentulismo and the necesidad of tratamiento protesico in pobladores adultos of 18 a 64 anos de edad in the ambito urbano marginal del Asentamientos humano El Golfo de Ventanilla, distrito de Ventaña, Callao, Peru, 2014.
Abstract: Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia de edentulismo y la necesidad de tratamiento protesico en pobladores adultos de 18 a 64 anos de edad del ambito urbano marginal del Asentamiento Humano El Golfo de Ventanilla, distrito de Ventanilla, Callao – Lima, 2014. Material y metodos: Estudio transversal, descriptivo, observacional. La poblacion estuvo formada por 1350 personas y la muestra calculada fue de 168 adultos, quienes fueron evaluados mediante una fi cha de recoleccion de datos, estructurada a partir de un cuestionario de la Organizacion Mundial de la Salud (OMS) para personas edentulas. Resultados: Se determino que existio una frecuencia de edentulismo en la poblacion de 121 (72%) y la necesidad de tratamiento protesico de forma parcial y total presente para el maxilar superior fue de 100 (59,6%) y en el maxilar inferior de 113 (67,3%). Conclusiones: La mayoria de la poblacion tenia edentulismo y necesidad de tratamiento protesico.

8 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
06 Oct 2018
TL;DR: In this article, the authors revisaron 370 tomografías computarizadas de haz cónico (Sirona Galileos Comfort) of pacientes that acudieron al Servicio de Radiología Oral and Máxilofacial de la Clínica Dental Docente de la Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano heredia, resultando, un total of 740 senos maxilares of pacients mayores de 18 años.
Abstract: Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia de patologías de los senos maxilares evaluados mediante tomografía computarizada de haz cónico. Material y Métodos: La investigación fue descriptiva, retrospectiva y transversal. Se revisaron 370 tomografías computarizadas de haz cónico (Sirona Galileos Comfort) de pacientes que acudieron al Servicio de Radiología Oral y Máxilofacial de la Clínica Dental Docente de la Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano heredia, resultando, un total de 740 senos maxilares de pacientes mayores de 18 años. Se tuvieron en cuenta las siguientes patologías sinusales: engrosamiento de la mucosa, ocupamiento del seno maxilar y no permeabilidad del ostium. Resultados: Se encontró que el 31,3% (n=116) de las tomografías pertenecían al sexo masculino y el 68,6% (n=254) al sexo femenino. La edad promedio de los pacientes fue 47,4 años con una desviación estándar de 14,07. De las 370 tomografías en el 74,9% (n=277) de los casos se presentó patología sinusal. La patología más común fue engrosamiento de la mucosa con un 57,2% (n=218), seguida de no permeabilidad en el 11,3% (n=43) y ocupamiento en el 4,2%. (n=16). Adicionalmente se encontró simultáneamente no permeabilidad y engrosamiento en 86 casos y no permeabilidad y ocupamiento en 18 casos. Conclusiones: La frecuencia de los senos maxilares evaluados mediante tomografía computarizada de haz cónico fue significativamente alta con un 74,9% de los senos maxilares evaluados.

1 citations


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is possible to conclude that the classification model developed through the deep ANN is able to classify subjects with absence of caries from subjects with presence or restorations with high accuracy, according to their demographic and dietary factors.
Abstract: Oral health represents an essential component in the quality of life of people, being a determinant factor in general health since it may affect the risk of suffering other conditions, such as chronic diseases. Oral diseases have become one of the main public health problems, where dental caries is the condition that most affects oral health worldwide, occurring in about 90% of the global population. This condition has been considered a challenge because of its high prevalence, besides being a chronic but preventable disease which can be caused depending on the consumption of certain nutritional elements interacting simultaneously with different factors, such as socioeconomic factors. Based on this problem, an analysis of a set of 189 dietary and demographic determinants is performed in this work, in order to find the relationship between these factors and the oral situation of a set of subjects. The oral situation refers to the presence and absence/restorations of caries. The methodology is performed constructing a dense artificial neural network (ANN), as a computer-aided diagnosis tool, looking for a generalized model that allows for classifying subjects. As validation, the classification model was evaluated through a statistical analysis based on a cross validation, calculating the accuracy, loss function, receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) parameters. The results obtained were statistically significant, obtaining an accuracy ≃ 0.69 and AUC values of 0.69 and 0.75. Based on these results, it is possible to conclude that the classification model developed through the deep ANN is able to classify subjects with absence of caries from subjects with presence or restorations with high accuracy, according to their demographic and dietary factors.

30 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The pulp treatment that was most performed in this study was indirect pulp treatment followed by pulpectomy and pulpotomy, and the female sex, age group 3 to 5 years and deciduous dentition were the ones that received the most pulp treatments.
Abstract: Pulp treatments are one of the types of procedures most performed in pediatric patients, whose primary objective is to restore the masticatory, aesthetic and phonetic function. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of pulp treatments performed in patients from 3 to 11 years of age treated at the Pediatric Dentistry Service of the Centro Dental Docente Cayetano Heredia from January 2015 to December 2019. The search for the medical records of patients treated at the Pediatric Dentistry Service who have met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected on age, sex, type of dentition and tooth, for the elaboration of a database, and later tables of contents. Of a sample of 514 virtual medical records, with 1166 pulp treatments performed, indirect pulp treatment was the most performed for both sexes, 41.17% (n=247) for females and 34.98% (n=198) for males. According to age range, 3 to 5 years of age are the patients who received more indirect pulp treatment with 39.06% (n=359). The majority of patients with deciduous dentition underwent indirect pulp treatment with 39.32% (n=326). Being the tooth most treated with indirect pulp treatment 84 with 41.18% (n=70). The pulp treatment that was most performed in our study was indirect pulp treatment followed by pulpectomy and pulpotomy. The female sex, age group 3 to 5 years and deciduous dentition were the ones that received the most pulp treatments. The teeth with the highest frequency of pulp treatments were the second lower left molar and the first lower right molar, and those with the least frequency were the lower right and left canines.

14 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
12 Mar 2021
TL;DR: There is an statistically significant inverse correlation between the number of brushes per day and the DMFT index in 12-year-old school children from the parish “El Vecino Cuenca Ecuador 2016”.
Abstract: Objective: Correlate the number of brushes per day and the decay-missing-filled teeth (DMFT) index in 12-year-old school children from the parish “El Vecino Cuenca Ecuador 2016”. Materials and Methods: The study was communicational, quantitative, descriptive and relational. The population consisted of 279 records from the study of the epidemiological map of schoolchildren in the “El Vecino” parish. The database included the registration number, age, sex, parish and DMFT Index. Results: There was an statistically significant inverse correlation between the number of brushes per day and the DMFT index with a p value = 0.029. Conclusion: The present study shows that there is a correlation between the number of brushes per day and the DMFT index.

9 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
22 Jun 2022
TL;DR: In this paper , the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the adaptation of university professors to digital learning environments (DLEs) was investigated. But, the authors found that neither the level of digital competence nor the GII of the country of origin fully explain the degree of pandemic stress regarding the use of DLEs.
Abstract: A quick and effective solution to address the immediate change in teaching methods after the COVID-19 pandemic was digital learning environments (DLEs). The way in which this process of change towards DLEs was tackled was different around the world, depending on multiple factors, including the level of digitization, technology, and innovation. This paper conducts quantitative research on the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the adaptation of university professors to DLEs. In order to achieve this objective, a sample of 723 university professors from 15 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean was taken. The participants’ self-perception of the stress generated and their levels of digital competence during the COVID-19 pandemic were studied according to the Global Innovation Index (GII) of their country of origin. The results show that professors have an intermediate–high self-perception of both their digital competence and their ability to adapt to DLEs. It is also shown that neither the professors’ level of digital competence nor the GII of the country of origin fully explain the level of pandemic stress regarding the use of DLEs. This fact suggests that there must be other influential factors to consider, thus opening new lines of future research.

9 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the emotions and attitudes, and the socio-demographic, dental, and COVIDrelated factors that are associated with the emergence of perceived stress and psychological distress that have been experienced by dentists during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Abstract: Dentists’ perceptions about the stressfulness of clinical practice are well-documented, but literature on perceived stress and psychological distress experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic is scarce. This study aims to explore the emotions and attitudes, and the socio-demographic, dental, and COVID-related factors that are associated with the emergence of perceived stress and psychological distress that have been experienced by dentists during the COVID-19 pandemic. General demographic and dental-related data, and specific questions measuring the potential factors regarding dental professionals’ concerns and opinions about their professional circumstances during the pandemic, were electronically collected from 182 dental practitioners. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to assess whether dentists’ emotions and attitudes during the pandemic measure the same construct: psychological distress, while linear regression models were built on the exploration of the effects of COVID-related factors on perceived stress and psychological distress. Facets of impulsiveness, lack of interest in social connections, emotional disengagement, mood swings, and acknowledgment of emotional exhaustion due to the pandemic, were measurements of the same construct and manifested in a singular factor: psychological distress. Two aspects, the fear of aerosol propagation and insecurities of financial status, increased the likelihood of the emergence of heightened levels of perceived stress and distress, while years spent in dental practice and age seemed to be protective factors against perceived stress and distress.

7 citations