Standard potential of the reaction: , and and the standard acidity constant of the ion HSO4− in synthetic sea water from 273.15 to 318.15 K

The prediction of mineral solubilities in natural waters: The Na-K-Mg-Ca-H-Cl-SO4-OH-HCO3-CO3-CO2-H2O system to high ionic strengths at 25°C

Thermodynamics of the carbon dioxide system in the oceans

The intracellular pH (pHi) of squid giant axons has been measured using glass pH microelectrodes Resting pHi in artificial seawater (ASW) (pH 76-78) at 23 degrees C was 732 +/- 002 (728 if corrected for liquid junction potential) Exposure of the axon to 5% CO2 at constant external pH caused a sharp decrease in pHi, while the subsequent removal of the gas caused pHi to overshoot its initial value If the exposure to CO2 was prolonged, two additional effects were noted: (a) during the exposure, the rapid initial fall in pHi was followed by a slow rise, and (b) after the exposure, the overshoot was greatly exaggerated Application of external NH4Cl caused pHi to rise sharply; return to normal ASW caused pHi to return to a value below its initial one If the exposure to NH4Cl was prolonged, two additional effects were noted: (a) during the exposure, the rapid initial rise in pHi was followed by a slow fall, and (b) after the exposure, the undershoot was greatly exaggerated Exposure to several weak acid metabolic inhibitors caused a fall in pHi whose reversibility depended upon length of exposure Inverting the electrochemical gradient for H+ with 100 mM K-ASW had no effect on pHi changes resulting from short-term exposure to azide A mathematical model explains the pHi changes caused by NH4Cl on the basis of passive movements of both NH3 and NH4+ The simultaneous passive movements of CO2 and HCO3-cannot explain the results of the CO2 experiments; these data require the postulation of an active proton extrusion and/or sequestration mechanism

https://rupress.org/jgp/article-pdf/67/1/91/1246000/91.pdf

Intracellular pH Transients in Squid Giant Axons Caused by CO2, NH3, and Metabolic Inhibitors

E.m.f. measurements have been made using the cell: Pt | H2(g,101.325 kPa) | borax in synthetic seawater | AgCl; Ag over the temperature range 273.15–318.15 K, and at five salinities from 5 to 45. The results have been used to calculate the stoichiometric (ionic medium) dissociation constant for boric acid in seawater media on the “total” hydrogen ion scale.

Thermodynamics of the dissociation of boric acid in synthetic seawater from 273.15 to 318.15 K

Determination of pH: Theory and Practice

http://jes.ecsdl.org/content/102/4/94C.full.pdf

Roger G. Bates

Papers

Determination of pH: Theory and Practice

Electrometric pH Determinations

Constancy of a Modified Weston Standard Cell over Long Periods