In 1974 an article appeared in Science magazine with the dry-sounding title “Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases” by a pair of psychologists who were not well known outside their discipline of decision theory. In it Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman introduced the world to Prospect Theory, which mapped out how humans actually behave when faced with decisions about gains and losses, in contrast to how economists assumed that people behave. Prospect Theory turned Economics on its head by demonstrating through a series of ingenious experiments that people are much more concerned with losses than they are with gains, and that framing a choice from one perspective or the other will result in decisions that are exactly the opposite of each other, even if the outcomes are monetarily the same. Prospect Theory led cognitive psychology in a new direction that began to uncover other human biases in thinking that are probably not learned but are part of our brain’s wiring.

Thinking fast and slow.

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Cognition In The Wild

/pdf/social-psychology-handbook-of-basic-principles-5cncpuwpen.pdf

Social Psychology: Handbook of Basic Principles

Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences

What is Twitter

The antenna placement problem, or cell planning problem, involves locating and configuring infrastructure for cellular wireless networks. From candidate site locations, a set needs to be selected against objectives relating to issues such as financial cost and service provision. This is an NP-hard optimization problem and consequently heuristic approaches are necessary for large problem instances. In this study, we use a greedy algorithm to select and configure base station locations. The performance of this greedy approach is dependent on the order in which the candidate sites are considered. We compare the ability of four state-of-the-art multiple objective genetic algorithms to find an optimal ordering of potential base stations. Results and discussion on the performance of the algorithms are provided.

Comparison and evaluation of multiple objective genetic algorithms for the antenna placement problem

Personality and location-based social networks

This paper describes the issue of piconet interconnection for Bluetooth technology. These larger networks, known as scatternets, have the potential to increase networking flexibility and facilitate new applications. While the Bluetooth specification permits piconet interconnection, the creation, operation and maintenance of scatternets remains open. In this paper, the research contributions in this arena are brought together, to give an overview of the state-of-the-art. First, operation of the Bluetooth system is explained, followed by the mechanism for link formation. Then, the issue of piconet interconnection is considered in detail. Processes for network formation, routing and intra- and inter-piconet scheduling, are explained and classified. Finally, the research issues arising are outlined.

Bluetooth scatternet formation: A survey

Identifying Indicators of Smartphone Addiction Through User-App Interaction

When should a machine attempt to communicate with a user? This is a historical problem that has been studied since the rise of personal computing. More recently, the emergence of pervasive technologies such as the smartphone have extended the problem to be ever-present in our daily lives, opening up new opportunities for context awareness through data collection and reasoning. Complementary to this there has been increasing interest in techniques to intelligently synchronise interruptions with human behaviour and cognition. However, it is increasingly challenging to categorise new developments, which are often scenario specific or scope a problem with particular unique features. In this paper we present a meta-analysis of this area, decomposing and comparing historical and recent works that seek to understand and predict how users will perceive and respond to interruptions. In doing so we identify research gaps, questions and opportunities that characterise this important emerging field for pervasive technology.

/pdf/interruptibility-prediction-for-ubiquitous-systems-92q25wj4z3.pdf

Roger M. Whitaker

Papers

Comparison and evaluation of multiple objective genetic algorithms for the antenna placement problem

Personality and location-based social networks

Bluetooth scatternet formation: A survey

Identifying Indicators of Smartphone Addiction Through User-App Interaction

Interruptibility prediction for ubiquitous systems: conventions and new directions from a growing field